Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/main' into sync-3.6.0

# Conflicts:
#	.github/workflows/claude-bot.yml
#	.github/workflows/release.yml
#	DockerInit.sh
#	frontend/package-lock.json
#	frontend/package.json
#	frontend/src/hooks/useClients.ts
#	frontend/src/layouts/AppSidebar.tsx
#	frontend/src/main.tsx
#	internal/config/version
#	internal/database/model/model.go
#	internal/web/service/client_wireguard.go
#	internal/web/service/inbound.go

frontend/src/api/http-init.ts

@@ -88,6 +88,28 @@ function encodeForm(data: unknown): string {
   return parts.join('&');
 }
 
+function appendQuery(url: string, query: string): string {
+  if (query === '') return url;
+  const hashIndex = url.indexOf('#');
+  const path = hashIndex === -1 ? url : url.slice(0, hashIndex);
+  const hash = hashIndex === -1 ? '' : url.slice(hashIndex);
+  const hasQuery = path.includes('?');
+  const separator = !hasQuery ? '?' : path.endsWith('?') || path.endsWith('&') ? '' : '&';
+  return `${path}${separator}${query}${hash}`;
+}
+
+function requestSignal(options: HttpRequestOptions): AbortSignal | undefined {
+  if (!options.timeout) return options.signal;
+  const timeout = AbortSignal.timeout(options.timeout);
+  if (!options.signal) return timeout;
+  if (typeof AbortSignal.any === 'function') return AbortSignal.any([options.signal, timeout]);
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const abort = () => controller.abort();
+  options.signal.addEventListener('abort', abort, { once: true });
+  timeout.addEventListener('abort', abort, { once: true });
+  return controller.signal;
+}
+
 async function performFetch(
   method: string,
   url: string,
@@ -121,8 +143,8 @@ async function performFetch(
   }
 
   const query = encodeForm(options.params);
-  const fullUrl = basePathPrefix + url + (query ? `?${query}` : '');
-  const signal = options.timeout ? AbortSignal.timeout(options.timeout) : options.signal;
+  const fullUrl = basePathPrefix + appendQuery(url, query);
+  const signal = requestSignal(options);
 
   return fetch(fullUrl, { method: upper, headers, body, credentials: 'same-origin', signal });
 }

frontend/src/api/queries/useAllSettings.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useMutation, useQuery, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query';
 
 import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@ import { parseMsg } from '@/utils/zodValidate';
 import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
 import { AllSettingSchema, type AllSettingInput } from '@/schemas/setting';
 import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+import { useServerDraft } from '@/hooks/useServerDraft';
 
 type SettingSavePayload = Partial<AllSetting> & Record<string, unknown>;
+type SettingSaveResult = {
+  msg: Msg<unknown>;
+  saved?: AllSetting;
+};
 
 async function fetchAllSetting(): Promise<AllSettingInput | null> {
   const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/all', undefined, { silent: true });
@@ -18,7 +23,6 @@ async function fetchAllSetting(): Promise<AllSettingInput | null> {
 
 export function useAllSettings() {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
-  const [draft, setDraft] = useState<AllSetting>(() => new AllSetting());
   const [extraSpinning, setExtraSpinning] = useState(false);
 
   const query = useQuery({
@@ -28,41 +32,54 @@ export function useAllSettings() {
   });
 
   const server = useMemo(() => new AllSetting(query.data), [query.data]);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (query.data !== undefined) {
-      setDraft(new AllSetting(query.data));
-    }
-  }, [query.data]);
+  const { draft, setDraft, isDirty, markSaved } = useServerDraft(
+    query.data === undefined ? undefined : server,
+    (setting) => new AllSetting(setting),
+    (left, right) => left.equals(right),
+  );
+  const allSetting = draft ?? server;
 
   const updateSetting = useCallback((patch: Partial<AllSetting>) => {
     setDraft((prev) => {
-      const next = new AllSetting(prev);
+      const next = new AllSetting(prev ?? server);
       Object.assign(next, patch);
       return next;
     });
-  }, []);
+  }, [server, setDraft]);
 
   const saveMut = useMutation({
-    mutationFn: async (next: SettingSavePayload): Promise<Msg<unknown>> => {
-      const payload = { ...next };
-      const body = AllSettingSchema.partial().safeParse(payload);
+    mutationFn: async ({ payload, saved }: { payload: SettingSavePayload; saved?: AllSetting }): Promise<SettingSaveResult> => {
+      const next = { ...payload };
+      const body = AllSettingSchema.partial().safeParse(next);
       if (!body.success) {
         console.warn('[zod] setting/update body failed validation', body.error.issues);
       }
-      return HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/update', body.success ? { ...payload, ...body.data } : payload);
+      const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/update', body.success ? { ...next, ...body.data } : next);
+      return { msg, saved };
     },
-    onSuccess: (msg) => {
-      if (msg?.success) queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.settings.all() });
+    onSuccess: ({ msg, saved }) => {
+      if (!msg?.success) return;
+      if (saved) markSaved(saved);
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.settings.all() });
     },
   });
 
-  const saveAll = useCallback(() => saveMut.mutateAsync({ ...draft }), [saveMut, draft]);
-  const savePayload = useCallback((payload: SettingSavePayload) => saveMut.mutateAsync(payload), [saveMut]);
-  const saveDisabled = useMemo(() => server.equals(draft), [server, draft]);
+  const saveAll = useCallback(async () => {
+    const saved = new AllSetting(allSetting);
+    return (await saveMut.mutateAsync({ payload: { ...saved }, saved })).msg;
+  }, [allSetting, saveMut]);
+  const savePayload = useCallback(
+    async (payload: SettingSavePayload) => {
+      const saved = new AllSetting(allSetting);
+      Object.assign(saved, payload);
+      return (await saveMut.mutateAsync({ payload, saved })).msg;
+    },
+    [allSetting, saveMut],
+  );
+  const saveDisabled = !isDirty;
 
   return {
-    allSetting: draft,
+    allSetting,
     updateSetting,
     fetched: query.data !== undefined,
     spinning: extraSpinning || saveMut.isPending,

frontend/src/api/queries/useFactoryDefaults.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+
+import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { parseMsg } from '@/utils/zodValidate';
+import { FactoryDefaultsSchema, type FactoryDefaults } from '@/schemas/setting';
+import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+
+async function fetchFactoryDefaults(): Promise<FactoryDefaults> {
+  const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/factoryDefaults', undefined, { silent: true });
+  if (!msg?.success) throw new Error(msg?.msg || 'Failed to fetch factory defaults');
+  const validated = parseMsg(msg, FactoryDefaultsSchema, 'setting/factoryDefaults');
+  const parsed = FactoryDefaultsSchema.safeParse(validated.obj);
+  return parsed.success ? parsed.data : {};
+}
+
+export function useFactoryDefaults() {
+  return useQuery({
+    queryKey: keys.settings.factoryDefaults(),
+    queryFn: fetchFactoryDefaults,
+    staleTime: Infinity,
+  });
+}

frontend/src/api/queryKeys.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ export const keys = {
     root: () => ['settings'] as const,
     all: () => ['settings', 'all'] as const,
     defaults: () => ['settings', 'defaults'] as const,
+    factoryDefaults: () => ['settings', 'factoryDefaults'] as const,
   },
   inbounds: {
     root: () => ['inbounds'] as const,

frontend/src/components/clients/ClientTrafficCell.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { memo, useMemo } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Popover, Progress } from 'antd';
 
@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ export interface ClientTrafficCellProps {
   compact?: boolean;
 }
 
-export default function ClientTrafficCell({
+// Every prop is a primitive and the component is pure, so the memo bails out
+// whenever a client's counters did not move — which is most of them on most
+// pushes. Each skipped instance is one antd Popover (rc-trigger), one Progress,
+// a useTranslation subscription and a theme context read, times up to 200 rows.
+const ClientTrafficCell = memo(function ClientTrafficCell({
   up = 0,
   down = 0,
   total = 0,
@@ -83,4 +87,6 @@ export default function ClientTrafficCell({
       </div>
     </Popover>
   );
-}
+});
+
+export default ClientTrafficCell;

frontend/src/components/clients/ConfigBlock.css

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ body.light .config-block .ant-tag.ant-tag-filled.ant-tag-gold {
   color: #874d00;
 }
 
+body.light .config-block-text {
+  color: #595959;
+}
+
 .config-block .ant-collapse-extra {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;

frontend/src/components/form/DateTimePicker.tsx

@@ -121,7 +121,9 @@ export default function DateTimePicker({
     <DatePicker
       value={value}
       onChange={(next) => onChange(next || null)}
+      onCalendarChange={(next) => onChange((Array.isArray(next) ? next[0] : next) || null)}
       showTime={showTime ? { format: 'HH:mm:ss' } : false}
+      needConfirm={false}
       format={format}
       placeholder={placeholder}
       disabled={disabled}

frontend/src/components/ui/DefaultSettingTag.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { Tag } from 'antd';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+
+import { useFactoryDefaults } from '@/api/queries/useFactoryDefaults';
+
+/**
+ * Value semantics on purpose: the tag answers "does this equal the shipped
+ * default?", not "has the user ever saved this key?" — a stored 2096 and a
+ * fallback 2096 behave identically, so they read identically.
+ */
+export function matchesFactoryDefault(current: unknown, factoryDefault: string | undefined): boolean {
+  if (factoryDefault === undefined) return false;
+  if (typeof current === 'number') {
+    const parsed = Number(factoryDefault);
+    return factoryDefault.trim() !== '' && !Number.isNaN(parsed) && parsed === current;
+  }
+  if (typeof current === 'boolean') {
+    if (factoryDefault !== 'true' && factoryDefault !== 'false') return false;
+    return (factoryDefault === 'true') === current;
+  }
+  if (typeof current === 'string') return factoryDefault === current;
+  return false;
+}
+
+interface DefaultSettingTagProps {
+  settingKey: string;
+  value: unknown;
+}
+
+export default function DefaultSettingTag({ settingKey, value }: DefaultSettingTagProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const defaults = useFactoryDefaults();
+
+  if (!matchesFactoryDefault(value, defaults.data?.[settingKey])) return null;
+
+  return <Tag style={{ marginLeft: 8 }}>{t('pages.settings.defaultTag')}</Tag>;
+}

frontend/src/components/ui/SettingListItem.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import './SettingListItem.css';
 interface SettingListItemProps {
   paddings?: 'small' | 'default';
   title?: ReactNode;
+  badge?: ReactNode;
   description?: ReactNode;
   children?: ReactNode;
   control?: ReactNode;
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ interface SettingListItemProps {
 export default function SettingListItem({
   paddings = 'default',
   title,
+  badge,
   description,
   children,
   control,
@@ -28,7 +30,12 @@ export default function SettingListItem({
       <Row gutter={[8, 16]} style={{ width: '100%' }}>
         <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
           <div className="setting-list-meta">
-            {title && <div className="setting-list-title" id={titleId}>{title}</div>}
+            {title && (
+              <div className="setting-list-title">
+                <span id={titleId}>{title}</span>
+                {badge}
+              </div>
+            )}
             {description && <div className="setting-list-description">{description}</div>}
           </div>
         </Col>

frontend/src/components/ui/index.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 export { default as InputAddon } from './InputAddon';
 export { default as InfinityIcon } from './InfinityIcon';
 export { default as SettingListItem } from './SettingListItem';
+export { default as DefaultSettingTag } from './DefaultSettingTag';

frontend/src/components/viz/Sparkline.tsx

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ interface SparklineProps {
   yTickStep?: number;
   tickCountX?: number;
   showTooltip?: boolean;
+  showLegend?: boolean;
   valueMin?: number;
   valueMax?: number | null;
   yFormatter?: (v: number) => string;
@@ -80,13 +81,23 @@ interface SparklineView {
   extremaPoints: ExtremaResult | null;
 }
 
-function hexToRgba(hex: string, alpha: number): string {
-  let h = hex.trim();
+function hexToRgba(color: string, alpha: number): string {
+  const trimmed = color.trim();
+  const fn = trimmed.match(/^rgba?\(([^)]+)\)$/i);
+  if (fn) {
+    const parts = fn[1].split(/[,/]\s*|\s+/).filter(Boolean).map(Number);
+    if (parts.length >= 3 && parts.slice(0, 3).every((n) => Number.isFinite(n))) {
+      const baseAlpha = parts.length > 3 && Number.isFinite(parts[3]) ? parts[3] : 1;
+      return `rgba(${parts[0]}, ${parts[1]}, ${parts[2]}, ${baseAlpha * alpha})`;
+    }
+    return trimmed;
+  }
+  let h = trimmed;
   if (h.startsWith('#')) h = h.slice(1);
   if (h.length === 3) h = h.split('').map((c) => c + c).join('');
-  if (h.length !== 6) return hex;
+  if (h.length !== 6) return trimmed;
   const int = Number.parseInt(h, 16);
-  if (Number.isNaN(int)) return hex;
+  if (Number.isNaN(int)) return trimmed;
   const r = (int >> 16) & 255;
   const g = (int >> 8) & 255;
   const b = int & 255;
@@ -129,6 +140,7 @@ export default function Sparkline(props: SparklineProps) {
     yTickStep = 25,
     tickCountX = 4,
     showTooltip = false,
+    showLegend = true,
     valueMin = 0,
     valueMax = 100,
     yFormatter = (v: number) => `${Math.round(v)}%`,
@@ -542,10 +554,6 @@ export default function Sparkline(props: SparklineProps) {
     );
   }, [points, hasSeries2, hasSeries3, valueMin, valueMax]);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    plotRef.current?.redraw(false);
-  });
-
   useEffect(() => {
     const redraw = () => plotRef.current?.redraw(false);
     const moBody = new MutationObserver(redraw);
@@ -570,7 +578,7 @@ export default function Sparkline(props: SparklineProps) {
           </span>
         </div>
       )}
-      {legendItems.length > 0 && (
+      {showLegend && legendItems.length > 0 && (
         <div className="sparkline-legend" aria-hidden="true">
           {legendItems.map((s) => (
             <span key={s.name} className="extrema-item" style={{ color: s.color }}>● {s.name}</span>

frontend/src/generated/examples.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ export const EXAMPLES: Record<string, unknown> = {
     "subPort": 1,
     "subProfileUrl": "",
     "subRoutingRules": "",
+    "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": false,
     "subSupportUrl": "",
     "subThemeDir": "",
     "subTitle": "",
@@ -186,6 +187,7 @@ export const EXAMPLES: Record<string, unknown> = {
     "subPort": 1,
     "subProfileUrl": "",
     "subRoutingRules": "",
+    "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": false,
     "subSupportUrl": "",
     "subThemeDir": "",
     "subTitle": "",
@@ -460,6 +462,7 @@ export const EXAMPLES: Record<string, unknown> = {
     "tag": "in-443-tcp",
     "total": 0,
     "trafficReset": "never",
+    "trafficResetDay": 1,
     "up": 0
   },
   "InboundClientIps": {

frontend/src/generated/schemas.ts

@@ -244,6 +244,9 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subRoutingRules": {
         "type": "string"
       },
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+        "type": "boolean"
+      },
       "subSupportUrl": {
         "type": "string"
       },
@@ -415,6 +418,7 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subPort",
       "subProfileUrl",
       "subRoutingRules",
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
       "subSupportUrl",
       "subThemeDir",
       "subTitle",
@@ -711,6 +715,9 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subRoutingRules": {
         "type": "string"
       },
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+        "type": "boolean"
+      },
       "subSupportUrl": {
         "type": "string"
       },
@@ -889,6 +896,7 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subPort",
       "subProfileUrl",
       "subRoutingRules",
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
       "subSupportUrl",
       "subThemeDir",
       "subTitle",
@@ -1873,6 +1881,13 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
         ],
         "type": "string"
       },
+      "trafficResetDay": {
+        "description": "Day of month for monthly traffic resets",
+        "example": 1,
+        "maximum": 31,
+        "minimum": 1,
+        "type": "integer"
+      },
       "up": {
         "description": "Upload traffic in bytes",
         "format": "int64",
@@ -1899,6 +1914,7 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "tag",
       "total",
       "trafficReset",
+      "trafficResetDay",
       "up"
     ],
     "type": "object"

frontend/src/generated/types.ts

@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ export interface AllSetting {
   subPort: number;
   subProfileUrl: string;
   subRoutingRules: string;
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: boolean;
   subSupportUrl: string;
   subThemeDir: string;
   subTitle: string;
@@ -195,6 +196,7 @@ export interface AllSettingView {
   subPort: number;
   subProfileUrl: string;
   subRoutingRules: string;
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: boolean;
   subSupportUrl: string;
   subThemeDir: string;
   subTitle: string;
@@ -435,6 +437,7 @@ export interface Inbound {
   tag: string;
   total: number;
   trafficReset: string;
+  trafficResetDay: number;
   up: number;
 }
 

frontend/src/generated/zod.ts

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ export const AllSettingSchema = z.object({
   subPort: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),
   subProfileUrl: z.string(),
   subRoutingRules: z.string(),
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: z.boolean(),
   subSupportUrl: z.string(),
   subThemeDir: z.string(),
   subTitle: z.string(),
@@ -212,6 +213,7 @@ export const AllSettingViewSchema = z.object({
   subPort: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),
   subProfileUrl: z.string(),
   subRoutingRules: z.string(),
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: z.boolean(),
   subSupportUrl: z.string(),
   subThemeDir: z.string(),
   subTitle: z.string(),
@@ -465,6 +467,7 @@ export const InboundSchema = z.object({
   tag: z.string(),
   total: z.number().int(),
   trafficReset: z.enum(['never', 'hourly', 'daily', 'weekly', 'monthly']),
+  trafficResetDay: z.number().int().min(1).max(31),
   up: z.number().int(),
 });
 export type Inbound = z.infer<typeof InboundSchema>;

frontend/src/hooks/useClients.ts

@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@ export interface ClientQueryParams {
 
 const DEFAULT_QUERY: ClientQueryParams = { page: 1, pageSize: 25 };
 const DEFAULT_SUMMARY: ClientsSummary = {
-  total: 0, active: 0, online: [], depleted: [], expiring: [], deactive: [],
+  total: 0, active: 0,
+  onlineCount: 0, depletedCount: 0, expiringCount: 0, deactiveCount: 0,
+  online: [], depleted: [], expiring: [], deactive: [],
 };
 
 export interface ClientSpeedEntry {
@@ -114,7 +116,63 @@ export function computeClientsSummary(
     if (nearExpiry || nearLimit) expiring.push(email);
     else active += 1;
   }
-  return { total: stats.length, active, online, depleted, expiring, deactive };
+  return {
+    total: stats.length,
+    active,
+    onlineCount: online.length,
+    depletedCount: depleted.length,
+    expiringCount: expiring.length,
+    deactiveCount: deactive.length,
+    online,
+    depleted,
+    expiring,
+    deactive,
+  };
+}
+
+export function sameSpeedMap(
+  a: Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>,
+  b: Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>,
+): boolean {
+  const aKeys = Object.keys(a);
+  if (aKeys.length !== Object.keys(b).length) return false;
+  for (const key of aKeys) {
+    const left = a[key];
+    const right = b[key];
+    if (!right || left.up !== right.up || left.down !== right.down) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// The field list computeClientsSummary reads, and deliberately nothing else.
+// lastOnline in particular churns for every online client on every push and no
+// counter depends on it, so including it here would defeat the comparison.
+export function sameSummaryInputs(a: ClientStatRow[], b: ClientStatRow[]): boolean {
+  if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
+  for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+    const left = a[i];
+    const right = b[i];
+    if (left.email !== right.email
+      || left.up !== right.up
+      || left.down !== right.down
+      || left.total !== right.total
+      || left.enable !== right.enable
+      || left.expiryTime !== right.expiryTime) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+export function pickClientsSummary(
+  serverSummary: ClientsSummary,
+  allClientStats: ClientStatRow[],
+  onlineSet: Set<string>,
+  expireDiffMs: number,
+  trafficDiffBytes: number,
+): ClientsSummary {
+  if (allClientStats.length === 0) return serverSummary;
+  if (serverSummary.total > allClientStats.length) return serverSummary;
+  const live = computeClientsSummary(allClientStats, onlineSet, expireDiffMs, trafficDiffBytes);
+  return { ...live, total: serverSummary.total || live.total };
 }
 
 function buildQS(p: ClientQueryParams): string {
@@ -142,7 +200,7 @@ async function fetchClientPage(params: ClientQueryParams): Promise<ClientPageRes
   const qs = buildQS(params);
   const msg = await HttpUtil.get(`/panel/api/clients/list/paged?${qs}`, undefined, { silent: true });
   if (!msg?.success || !msg.obj) throw new Error(msg?.msg || 'Failed to fetch clients');
-  const validated = parseMsg(msg, ClientPageResponseSchema, 'clients/list/paged');
+  const validated = parseMsg(msg, ClientPageResponseSchema, 'clients/list/paged', { strict: true });
   if (!validated.obj) throw new Error('Empty clients response');
   return validated.obj;
 }
@@ -161,17 +219,31 @@ async function fetchDefaults(): Promise<Record<string, unknown>> {
   return validated.obj || {};
 }
 
-export function useClients() {
+export interface UseClientsOptions {
+  // Callers that only need the mutations — the bulk modals, the groups page —
+  // pass false. Mounting them used to start a second 5-second poll of the paged
+  // list whose result they never read, which on a large panel means a full
+  // summary aggregate every 5 seconds for nothing.
+  list?: boolean;
+}
+
+export function useClients(options: UseClientsOptions = {}) {
+  const withList = options.list ?? true;
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
 
-  const [query, setQueryState] = useState<ClientQueryParams>(DEFAULT_QUERY);
+  // Null until the page has settled on a query. The clients page cannot build
+  // one until the persisted sort and the panel's configured page size are both
+  // known, and fetching before then cost three sequential requests per load —
+  // the first two thrown away (#trace).
+  const [query, setQueryState] = useState<ClientQueryParams | null>(null);
   // setQuery shallow-compares so callers can pass a fresh object every render
   // (the common React pattern) without triggering a re-fetch when nothing
   // actually changed.
   const setQuery = useCallback((next: ClientQueryParams) => {
     setQueryState((prev) => {
       if (
-        prev.page === next.page
+        prev
+        && prev.page === next.page
         && prev.pageSize === next.pageSize
         && (prev.search ?? '') === (next.search ?? '')
         && (prev.filter ?? '') === (next.filter ?? '')
@@ -193,8 +265,9 @@ export function useClients() {
   }, []);
 
   const listQuery = useQuery({
-    queryKey: keys.clients.list(query),
-    queryFn: () => fetchClientPage(query),
+    queryKey: keys.clients.list(query ?? DEFAULT_QUERY),
+    queryFn: () => fetchClientPage(query ?? DEFAULT_QUERY),
+    enabled: withList && query !== null,
     staleTime: Infinity,
     // List is sorted/paged server-side, so the WS patch can't add new or
     // re-sort rows; poll the current page to keep it live (pauses when hidden).
@@ -205,6 +278,7 @@ export function useClients() {
   const inboundOptionsQuery = useQuery({
     queryKey: keys.inbounds.options(),
     queryFn: fetchInboundOptions,
+    enabled: withList,
     staleTime: Infinity,
   });
 
@@ -222,6 +296,7 @@ export function useClients() {
       const validated = parseMsg(msg, OnlinesSchema, 'clients/onlines');
       return Array.isArray(validated.obj) ? validated.obj : [];
     },
+    enabled: withList,
     staleTime: Infinity,
   });
 
@@ -231,7 +306,11 @@ export function useClients() {
   const allGroups = listQuery.data?.groups ?? [];
   const fetched = listQuery.data !== undefined || listQuery.isError;
   const fetchError = listQuery.error ? (listQuery.error as Error).message : '';
-  const loading = listQuery.isFetching;
+  // isFetching is deliberately NOT read here. Touching it makes it a tracked
+  // property, so the 5s refetchInterval notifies twice per cycle — two whole
+  // page renders even when structural sharing leaves the data identical, and
+  // each one bumps rc-table's immutable mark and re-runs every cell renderer.
+  // Callers that want a spinner for an explicit refresh drive it locally.
   // Showing kept-previous data for a new key (filter/sort/page) — drives the
   // table overlay so the 5s background poll doesn't flash it.
   const transitioning = listQuery.isPlaceholderData;
@@ -264,11 +343,12 @@ export function useClients() {
   const expireDiff = ((defaults.expireDiff as number) ?? 0) * 86400000;
   const trafficDiff = ((defaults.trafficDiff as number) ?? 0) * 1073741824;
   const pageSize = (defaults.pageSize as number) ?? 0;
+  // pageSize 0 means "one long page", which is indistinguishable from "the
+  // settings have not arrived yet" — so callers need this flag to know when the
+  // configured page size is real. isFetched (not isSuccess) so a failed
+  // settings request still lets the page fall back and render.
+  const settingsReady = defaultsQuery.isFetched;
 
-  // Live summary: the client_stats WS event refreshes allClientStats every few
-  // seconds, so the top counters track reality without a page refresh. Falls
-  // back to the server-computed summary until the first event lands, and keeps
-  // the server's authoritative total for the headline count.
   const [allClientStats, setAllClientStats] = useState<ClientStatRow[]>([]);
   const [clientSpeed, setClientSpeed] = useState<Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>>({});
   // AmneziaWG/MTProto run entirely outside xray-core, so their live speed
@@ -283,12 +363,10 @@ export function useClients() {
   // exactly one job.
   const [amneziawgClientSpeed, setAmneziawgClientSpeed] = useState<Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>>({});
   const [mtprotoClientSpeed, setMtprotoClientSpeed] = useState<Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>>({});
-  const summary = useMemo<ClientsSummary>(() => {
-    const serverSummary = listQuery.data?.summary ?? DEFAULT_SUMMARY;
-    if (allClientStats.length === 0) return serverSummary;
-    const live = computeClientsSummary(allClientStats, new Set(onlines), expireDiff, trafficDiff);
-    return { ...live, total: serverSummary.total || live.total };
-  }, [allClientStats, onlines, expireDiff, trafficDiff, listQuery.data?.summary]);
+  const summary = useMemo<ClientsSummary>(
+    () => pickClientsSummary(listQuery.data?.summary ?? DEFAULT_SUMMARY, allClientStats, new Set(onlines), expireDiff, trafficDiff),
+    [allClientStats, onlines, expireDiff, trafficDiff, listQuery.data?.summary],
+  );
 
   const invalidateAll = useCallback(
     () => {
@@ -572,15 +650,23 @@ export function useClients() {
       queryClient.setQueryData(keys.clients.onlines(), p.onlineClients);
     }
     if (Array.isArray(p.clientTraffics)) {
+      // Xray reports a row per client whether or not it moved a byte, so most of
+      // this map used to be zeros. A missing entry and a zero entry render
+      // identically (isActiveSpeed treats both as inactive), so the zeros are
+      // dropped and an unchanged result returns the previous object — which lets
+      // React bail out of the update instead of re-rendering the table.
       const next: Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry> = {};
       for (const ct of p.clientTraffics) {
         if (!ct || !ct.email) continue;
+        const up = ct.up || 0;
+        const down = ct.down || 0;
+        if (up === 0 && down === 0) continue;
         next[ct.email] = {
-          up: (ct.up || 0) / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
-          down: (ct.down || 0) / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
+          up: up / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
+          down: down / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
         };
       }
-      setClientSpeed(next);
+      setClientSpeed((prev) => (sameSpeedMap(prev, next) ? prev : next));
     }
     // Mirrors the block above exactly, but as two independent, protocol-only
     // maps (see the amneziawgClientSpeed/mtprotoClientSpeed declaration).
@@ -610,12 +696,17 @@ export function useClients() {
     if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object') return;
     const p = payload as { clients?: ClientStatRow[]; snapshot?: boolean };
     if (!Array.isArray(p.clients) || p.clients.length === 0) return;
-    if (p.snapshot !== false) setAllClientStats(p.clients);
+    if (p.snapshot !== false) {
+      const rows = p.clients;
+      setAllClientStats((prev) => (sameSummaryInputs(prev, rows) ? prev : rows));
+    }
+    const active = queryRef.current;
+    if (!active) return;
     const byEmail = new Map<string, ClientTraffic>();
     for (const row of p.clients) {
       if (row && row.email) byEmail.set(row.email, row);
     }
-    queryClient.setQueryData<ClientPageResponse>(keys.clients.list(queryRef.current), (prev) => {
+    queryClient.setQueryData<ClientPageResponse>(keys.clients.list(active), (prev) => {
       if (!prev) return prev;
       let touched = false;
       const next = prev.items.slice();
@@ -663,7 +754,6 @@ export function useClients() {
     setQuery,
     inbounds,
     onlines,
-    loading,
     transitioning,
     fetched,
     fetchError,
@@ -673,6 +763,7 @@ export function useClients() {
     expireDiff,
     trafficDiff,
     pageSize,
+    settingsReady,
     refresh,
     create,
     bulkCreate,

frontend/src/hooks/useServerDraft.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+
+export function useServerDraft<T>(server: T | undefined, clone: (value: T) => T, equals: (left: T, right: T) => boolean) {
+  const cloneRef = useRef(clone);
+  const equalsRef = useRef(equals);
+  cloneRef.current = clone;
+  equalsRef.current = equals;
+
+  const [draft, setDraft] = useState<T | undefined>();
+  const [baseline, setBaseline] = useState<T | undefined>();
+  const draftRef = useRef(draft);
+  const baselineRef = useRef(baseline);
+  draftRef.current = draft;
+  baselineRef.current = baseline;
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (server === undefined) return;
+    const currentDraft = draftRef.current;
+    const currentBaseline = baselineRef.current;
+    const isDirty = currentDraft !== undefined
+      && (currentBaseline === undefined || !equalsRef.current(currentDraft, currentBaseline));
+    setBaseline(server);
+    if (isDirty && !equalsRef.current(currentDraft, server)) return;
+    setDraft(cloneRef.current(server));
+  }, [server]);
+
+  const markSaved = useCallback((value: T) => {
+    setBaseline(cloneRef.current(value));
+  }, []);
+
+  const isDirty = useMemo(
+    () => draft !== undefined && (baseline === undefined || !equalsRef.current(draft, baseline)),
+    [baseline, draft],
+  );
+
+  return { draft, setDraft, isDirty, markSaved };
+}

frontend/src/hooks/useTheme.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { createContext, useCallback, useContext, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { createContext, useCallback, useContext, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
 import { theme as antdTheme } from 'antd';
 import type { ThemeConfig } from 'antd';
@@ -13,14 +13,18 @@ function readBool(key: string, fallback: boolean): boolean {
 }
 
 function applyDom(isDark: boolean, isUltra: boolean) {
-  document.body.setAttribute('class', isDark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+  document.body.classList.remove('dark', 'light');
+  document.body.classList.add(isDark ? 'dark' : 'light');
   if (isUltra) {
     document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'ultra-dark');
   } else {
     document.documentElement.removeAttribute('data-theme');
   }
   const msg = document.getElementById('message');
-  if (msg) msg.className = isDark ? 'dark' : 'light';
+  if (msg) {
+    msg.classList.remove('dark', 'light');
+    msg.classList.add(isDark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+  }
 }
 
 // module load so the document is in the right theme before React mounts.
@@ -92,9 +96,24 @@ const LIGHT_BUTTON_TOKENS = {
   colorPrimaryActive: '#073ea8',
 };
 
+// hashed:false drops the `:where(.css-<hash>)` wrapper antd puts around every
+// rule. It costs nothing in specificity — `:where()` contributes zero, so the
+// panel's own `.ant-*` overrides still win — and it removes roughly 5,700
+// wrappers, 16% of the generated stylesheet, from what the browser has to parse.
+//
+// cssVar.key pins the CSS-variable scope. Every panel page mounts its own
+// ConfigProvider (there is no root one), and without a fixed key each mints a
+// fresh useId-derived scope, so navigating re-serialises and re-injects the whole
+// token block under a new class instead of reusing the one already in the head.
+const SHARED_STYLE_CONFIG = {
+  hashed: false,
+  cssVar: { key: 'xui' },
+} as const;
+
 export function buildAntdThemeConfig(isDark: boolean, isUltra: boolean): ThemeConfig {
   if (!isDark) {
     return {
+      ...SHARED_STYLE_CONFIG,
       algorithm: antdTheme.defaultAlgorithm,
       token: LIGHT_CONTRAST_TOKENS,
       components: {
@@ -104,6 +123,7 @@ export function buildAntdThemeConfig(isDark: boolean, isUltra: boolean): ThemeCo
     };
   }
   return {
+    ...SHARED_STYLE_CONFIG,
     algorithm: antdTheme.darkAlgorithm,
     token: isUltra ? ULTRA_DARK_TOKENS : DARK_TOKENS,
     components: {
@@ -142,7 +162,7 @@ export function ThemeProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
   const [isDark, setIsDark] = useState<boolean>(initialDark);
   const [isUltra, setIsUltra] = useState<boolean>(initialUltra);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
     applyDom(isDark, isUltra);
     localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_DARK, String(isDark));
     localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_ULTRA, String(isUltra));

frontend/src/hooks/useXraySetting.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import {
   type OutboundTrafficRow,
 } from '@/schemas/xray';
 
-const DIRTY_POLL_MS = 1000;
 const DEFAULT_TEST_URL = 'https://www.google.com/generate_204';
 // One HTTP-mode batch request tests this many outbounds through a single
 // shared temp xray instance; chunking keeps responses bounded (~30s worst
@@ -22,6 +21,10 @@ const DEFAULT_TEST_URL = 'https://www.google.com/generate_204';
 // results progressively.
 const HTTP_BATCH_CHUNK = 16;
 
+function normalizeOutboundTestUrl(url: string) {
+  return url || DEFAULT_TEST_URL;
+}
+
 export function isUdpOutbound(outbound: unknown): boolean {
   const o = outbound as { protocol?: string; streamSettings?: { network?: string } } | null | undefined;
   const p = o?.protocol;
@@ -125,10 +128,11 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
     staleTime: Infinity,
   });
 
-  const [saveDisabled, setSaveDisabled] = useState(true);
   const [xraySetting, setXraySettingState] = useState('');
   const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettingsState] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(null);
   const [outboundTestUrl, setOutboundTestUrlState] = useState(DEFAULT_TEST_URL);
+  const [savedXraySetting, setSavedXraySetting] = useState('');
+  const [savedOutboundTestUrl, setSavedOutboundTestUrl] = useState(DEFAULT_TEST_URL);
   const [inboundTags, setInboundTags] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [clientReverseTags, setClientReverseTags] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [subscriptionOutbounds, setSubscriptionOutbounds] = useState<unknown[]>([]);
@@ -139,38 +143,40 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
   const [subscriptionTestStates, setSubscriptionTestStates] = useState<Record<string, OutboundTestState>>({});
   const [testingAll, setTestingAll] = useState(false);
 
-  const oldXraySettingRef = useRef('');
-  const oldOutboundTestUrlRef = useRef('');
   const syncingRef = useRef(false);
   const xraySettingRef = useRef('');
   const outboundTestUrlRef = useRef(outboundTestUrl);
+  const savedXraySettingRef = useRef(savedXraySetting);
+  const savedOutboundTestUrlRef = useRef(savedOutboundTestUrl);
   const templateSettingsRef = useRef<XraySettingsValue | null>(null);
   const subscriptionOutboundsRef = useRef<unknown[]>([]);
 
   xraySettingRef.current = xraySetting;
   outboundTestUrlRef.current = outboundTestUrl;
+  savedXraySettingRef.current = savedXraySetting;
+  savedOutboundTestUrlRef.current = savedOutboundTestUrl;
   templateSettingsRef.current = templateSettings;
   subscriptionOutboundsRef.current = subscriptionOutbounds;
 
-  // Seed local editor state from the config query. Runs on first fetch and
-  // every time the query refetches (e.g. after a successful save).
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!configQuery.data) return;
     const obj = configQuery.data;
     const pretty = JSON.stringify(obj.xraySetting, null, 2);
-    syncingRef.current = true;
-    setXraySettingState(pretty);
-    setTemplateSettingsState(obj.xraySetting);
-    oldXraySettingRef.current = pretty;
-    syncingRef.current = false;
+    const nextUrl = normalizeOutboundTestUrl(obj.outboundTestUrl || '');
     setInboundTags(obj.inboundTags || []);
     setClientReverseTags(obj.clientReverseTags || []);
     setSubscriptionOutbounds(obj.subscriptionOutbounds || []);
     setSubscriptionOutboundTags(obj.subscriptionOutboundTags || []);
-    const nextUrl = obj.outboundTestUrl || DEFAULT_TEST_URL;
+    const isDirty = savedXraySettingRef.current !== xraySettingRef.current
+      || savedOutboundTestUrlRef.current !== normalizeOutboundTestUrl(outboundTestUrlRef.current);
+    if (isDirty) return;
+    syncingRef.current = true;
+    setXraySettingState(pretty);
+    setTemplateSettingsState(obj.xraySetting);
+    setSavedXraySetting(pretty);
+    syncingRef.current = false;
     setOutboundTestUrlState(nextUrl);
-    oldOutboundTestUrlRef.current = nextUrl;
-    setSaveDisabled(true);
+    setSavedOutboundTestUrl(nextUrl);
   }, [configQuery.data]);
 
   const fetched = configQuery.data !== undefined || configQuery.isError;
@@ -220,7 +226,7 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
   const saveMut = useMutation({
     mutationFn: async () => {
       const sentXraySetting = xraySettingRef.current;
-      const sentTestUrl = outboundTestUrlRef.current || DEFAULT_TEST_URL;
+      const sentTestUrl = normalizeOutboundTestUrl(outboundTestUrlRef.current);
       const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/xray/update', {
         xraySetting: sentXraySetting,
         outboundTestUrl: sentTestUrl,
@@ -229,9 +235,8 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
     },
     onSuccess: ({ msg, sentXraySetting, sentTestUrl }) => {
       if (!msg?.success) return;
-      oldXraySettingRef.current = sentXraySetting;
-      oldOutboundTestUrlRef.current = sentTestUrl;
-      setSaveDisabled(true);
+      setSavedXraySetting(sentXraySetting);
+      setSavedOutboundTestUrl(sentTestUrl);
       queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.xray.config() });
     },
   });
@@ -425,14 +430,8 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
     }
   }, [testingAll, testOutbound, testSubscriptionOutbound, postOutboundTestBatch]);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    const timer = window.setInterval(() => {
-      const dirtyXray = oldXraySettingRef.current !== xraySettingRef.current;
-      const dirtyUrl = oldOutboundTestUrlRef.current !== outboundTestUrlRef.current;
-      setSaveDisabled(!(dirtyXray || dirtyUrl));
-    }, DIRTY_POLL_MS);
-    return () => window.clearInterval(timer);
-  }, []);
+  const saveDisabled = savedXraySetting === xraySetting
+    && savedOutboundTestUrl === normalizeOutboundTestUrl(outboundTestUrl);
 
   const outboundsTraffic = useMemo(() => trafficQuery.data ?? [], [trafficQuery.data]);
 

frontend/src/layouts/AppSidebar.css

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+.ant-sidebar {
+  flex: 0 0 var(--sider-rail, 72px);
+  width: var(--sider-rail, 72px);
+  position: relative;
+  z-index: 210;
+}
+
 .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider {
   position: sticky;
   top: 0;
@@ -5,6 +12,16 @@
   align-self: flex-start;
 }
 
+.ant-sidebar:not(.sidebar-pinned) > .ant-layout-sider:not(.ant-layout-sider-collapsed) {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
+}
+
+.sider-nav .ant-menu-item .anticon,
+.sider-nav .ant-menu-submenu-title .anticon,
+.sider-utility .ant-menu-item .anticon {
+  font-size: 16px;
+}
+
 .sider-brand,
 .drawer-brand {
   font-weight: 600;
@@ -18,16 +35,12 @@
   align-items: center;
   justify-content: space-between;
   gap: 8px;
-  padding: 14px 16px 14px 24px;
+  height: 58px;
+  padding: 0 16px 0 24px;
   border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ant-color-border-secondary);
   user-select: none;
-}
-
-.sider-brand-collapsed {
-  justify-content: center;
-  font-size: 16px;
-  padding: 14px 4px;
-  letter-spacing: 0;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  overflow: hidden;
 }
 
 .brand-block {
@@ -37,17 +50,21 @@
   line-height: 1.1;
 }
 
-.sider-brand-collapsed .brand-block {
-  flex: 0 0 auto;
-}
-
 .brand-actions {
   display: inline-flex;
   align-items: center;
-  gap: 2px;
+  gap: 0;
   flex-shrink: 0;
 }
 
+.brand-actions .sidebar-pin,
+.brand-actions .sidebar-docs,
+.brand-actions .sidebar-donate,
+.brand-actions .sidebar-theme-cycle {
+  width: 26px;
+  height: 26px;
+}
+
 .sidebar-donate {
   background: transparent;
   border: none;
@@ -221,6 +238,34 @@
   padding: 8px 8px 12px;
 }
 
+.sidebar-pin {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  width: 30px;
+  height: 30px;
+  padding: 0;
+  border: none;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  background: transparent;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text-secondary);
+  cursor: pointer;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  transition: background-color 0.2s, transform 0.15s, color 0.2s;
+}
+
+.sidebar-pin:hover,
+.sidebar-pin:focus-visible {
+  background-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ant-color-primary) 10%, transparent);
+  color: var(--ant-color-primary);
+  transform: scale(1.08);
+  outline: none;
+}
+
+.sidebar-pin .anticon {
+  font-size: 16px;
+}
+
 .sider-version {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;
@@ -236,6 +281,11 @@
   transition: color 0.2s;
 }
 
+.ant-layout-sider-collapsed .sider-version {
+  justify-content: center;
+  padding: 8px 0;
+}
+
 .sider-version .anticon {
   font-size: 16px;
 }
@@ -246,11 +296,6 @@
   outline: none;
 }
 
-.sider-version.is-collapsed {
-  justify-content: center;
-  padding: 8px 0;
-}
-
 .drawer-footer {
   flex: 0 0 auto;
   padding: 8px 8px 12px;
@@ -261,8 +306,7 @@
     display: inline-flex;
   }
 
-  .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider .ant-layout-sider-children,
-  .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider .ant-layout-sider-trigger {
+  .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider .ant-layout-sider-children {
     display: none;
   }
 
@@ -272,6 +316,11 @@
     min-width: 0 !important;
     width: 0 !important;
   }
+
+  .ant-sidebar {
+    flex: 0 0 0;
+    width: 0;
+  }
 }
 
 body.dark .ant-drawer-content,

frontend/src/layouts/AppSidebar.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
-import type { ComponentType } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import type { ComponentType, CSSProperties } from 'react';
 import { useLocation, useNavigate } from 'react-router';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Drawer, Layout, Menu } from 'antd';
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ import {
   MessageOutlined,
   MoonFilled,
   MoonOutlined,
+  PushpinFilled,
+  PushpinOutlined,
   ReadOutlined,
   SafetyOutlined,
   SettingOutlined,
@@ -39,11 +41,15 @@ import { pauseAnimationsUntilLeave, useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
 import { useAllSettings } from '@/api/queries/useAllSettings';
 import './AppSidebar.css';
 
-const SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED_KEY = 'isSidebarCollapsed';
 const DONATE_URL = 'https://donate.sanaei.dev/';
 const DOCS_URL = 'https://docs.sanaei.dev/';
 const REPO_URL = 'https://github.com/Kuzz007/3x-ui';
 const LOGOUT_KEY = '__logout__';
+const RAIL_WIDTH = 72;
+const SIDER_WIDTH = 220;
+const SIDEBAR_PINNED_KEY = 'sidebar-pinned';
+
+let hoveredAcrossRemounts = false;
 
 type IconName = 'dashboard' | 'inbound' | 'team' | 'groups' | 'setting' | 'tool' | 'cluster' | 'hosts' | 'logout' | 'apidocs' | 'outbound' | 'routing';
 
@@ -62,14 +68,6 @@ const iconByName: Record<IconName, ComponentType> = {
   routing: SwapOutlined,
 };
 
-function readCollapsed(): boolean {
-  try {
-    return JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED_KEY) || 'false');
-  } catch {
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
 function DonateButton({ ariaLabel }: { ariaLabel: string }) {
   return (
     <a
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ function VersionBadge({ version, collapsed }: { version: string; collapsed?: boo
       href={REPO_URL}
       target="_blank"
       rel="noopener noreferrer"
-      className={`sider-version${collapsed ? ' is-collapsed' : ''}`}
+      className="sider-version"
       aria-label={`GitHub ${label}`}
       title={label}
     >
@@ -140,6 +138,20 @@ function ThemeCycleButton({ id, isDark, isUltra, onCycle, ariaLabel }: {
   );
 }
 
+function readSidebarPinned() {
+  try {
+    return localStorage.getItem(SIDEBAR_PINNED_KEY) === 'true';
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+function saveSidebarPinned(pinned: boolean) {
+  try {
+    localStorage.setItem(SIDEBAR_PINNED_KEY, String(pinned));
+  } catch {}
+}
+
 export default function AppSidebar() {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const { isDark, isUltra, toggleTheme, toggleUltra } = useTheme();
@@ -148,8 +160,34 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
   const { allSetting } = useAllSettings();
   const showSubFormats = !!(allSetting.subJsonEnable || allSetting.subClashEnable);
 
-  const [collapsed, setCollapsed] = useState<boolean>(() => readCollapsed());
+  const [hovered, setHovered] = useState(() => hoveredAcrossRemounts);
+  const [pinned, setPinned] = useState(readSidebarPinned);
   const [drawerOpen, setDrawerOpen] = useState(false);
+  const railCollapsed = !hovered && !pinned;
+  const railStyle = useMemo(
+    () => ({ '--sider-rail': `${pinned ? SIDER_WIDTH : RAIL_WIDTH}px` }) as CSSProperties,
+    [pinned],
+  );
+  const rootRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+
+  const updateHovered = useCallback((value: boolean) => {
+    hoveredAcrossRemounts = value;
+    setHovered(value);
+  }, []);
+
+  const togglePinned = useCallback(() => {
+    const next = !pinned;
+    saveSidebarPinned(next);
+    setPinned(next);
+  }, [pinned]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const timer = window.setTimeout(() => {
+      const el = rootRef.current;
+      if (el) updateHovered(el.matches(':hover'));
+    }, 150);
+    return () => window.clearTimeout(timer);
+  }, [updateHovered]);
 
   const currentTheme: 'light' | 'dark' = isDark ? 'dark' : 'light';
   const panelVersion = window.X_UI_CUR_VER || '';
@@ -218,7 +256,7 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
       if (tab.key === '/xray') {
         return { key: tab.key, icon: <Icon />, label: tab.title, children: xrayChildren };
       }
-      return { key: tab.key, icon: <Icon />, label: tab.title };
+      return { key: tab.key, icon: <Icon />, label: tab.title, title: '' };
     }),
   [settingsChildren, xrayChildren]);
 
@@ -235,13 +273,6 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
     openLink(String(key));
   }, [openLink]);
 
-  const onSiderCollapse = useCallback((isCollapsed: boolean, type: 'clickTrigger' | 'responsive') => {
-    if (type === 'clickTrigger') {
-      localStorage.setItem(SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED_KEY, String(isCollapsed));
-      setCollapsed(isCollapsed);
-    }
-  }, []);
-
   const cycleTheme = useCallback((id: string) => {
     pauseAnimationsUntilLeave(id);
     if (!isDark) {
@@ -256,21 +287,35 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
   }, [isDark, isUltra, toggleTheme, toggleUltra]);
 
   return (
-    <div className="ant-sidebar">
+    <div
+      ref={rootRef}
+      className={`ant-sidebar${pinned ? ' sidebar-pinned' : ''}`}
+      style={railStyle}
+      onMouseEnter={() => updateHovered(true)}
+      onMouseLeave={() => updateHovered(false)}
+    >
       <Layout.Sider
         theme={currentTheme}
-        width={220}
-        collapsible
-        collapsed={collapsed}
-        breakpoint="md"
-        onCollapse={onSiderCollapse}
+        width={SIDER_WIDTH}
+        collapsedWidth={RAIL_WIDTH}
+        collapsed={railCollapsed}
       >
-        <div className={`sider-brand${collapsed ? ' sider-brand-collapsed' : ''}`}>
+        <div className="sider-brand">
           <div className="brand-block">
-            <span className="brand-text">{collapsed ? '3X' : '3X-UI'}</span>
+            <span className="brand-text">{railCollapsed ? '3X' : '3X-UI'}</span>
           </div>
-          {!collapsed && (
+          {!railCollapsed && (
             <div className="brand-actions">
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                className="sidebar-pin"
+                aria-label={t('menu.pinSidebar')}
+                aria-pressed={pinned}
+                title={t(pinned ? 'menu.unpinSidebar' : 'menu.pinSidebar')}
+                onClick={togglePinned}
+              >
+                {pinned ? <PushpinFilled /> : <PushpinOutlined />}
+              </button>
               <DocsButton ariaLabel={t('menu.docs') || 'Documentation'} />
               <DonateButton ariaLabel={t('menu.donate') || 'Donate'} />
               <ThemeCycleButton
@@ -287,7 +332,7 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
           theme={currentTheme}
           mode="inline"
           selectedKeys={[selectedKey]}
-          openKeys={collapsed ? undefined : openKeys}
+          openKeys={railCollapsed ? undefined : openKeys}
           onOpenChange={(keys) => setOpenKeys(keys as string[])}
           className="sider-nav"
           items={toMenuItems(navItems)}
@@ -302,7 +347,7 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
           onClick={onMenuClick}
         />
         <div className="sider-footer">
-          <VersionBadge version={panelVersion} collapsed={collapsed} />
+          <VersionBadge version={panelVersion} collapsed={railCollapsed} />
         </div>
       </Layout.Sider>
 

frontend/src/lib/xray/forms/transport/FinalMaskForm.tsx

@@ -82,12 +82,43 @@ function defaultTcpMaskSettings(type: string): Record<string, unknown> {
     case 'header-custom':
       return { clients: [], servers: [] };
     case 'xmc':
-      return { hostname: '', usernames: [], password: RandomUtil.randomLowerAndNum(16) };
+      return { hostname: '', profiles: [defaultXmcProfile()], password: RandomUtil.randomLowerAndNum(16) };
     default:
       return {};
   }
 }
 
+function defaultXmcProfile(): Record<string, unknown> {
+  return { username: '', uuid: '', texturesValue: '', texturesSignature: '' };
+}
+
+// xray-core #6487 replaced the xmc mask's `usernames` string list with
+// `profiles` objects carrying a Mojang-signed session profile, and dropped the
+// "default to Dream" fallback so at least one complete profile is now
+// mandatory. The signature can only come from Mojang's session server, so a
+// legacy username cannot be upgraded automatically — carry it into a profile
+// stub instead, which keeps the operator's player names visible and leaves the
+// per-field validators pointing at exactly what still has to be filled in.
+export function migrateXmcSettings(settings: Record<string, unknown>): { next: Record<string, unknown>; changed: boolean } {
+  const out: Record<string, unknown> = { ...settings };
+  let changed = false;
+  if (!Array.isArray(out.profiles) && Array.isArray(out.usernames)) {
+    out.profiles = out.usernames
+      .filter((name): name is string => typeof name === 'string' && name.trim() !== '')
+      .map((name) => ({ ...defaultXmcProfile(), username: name }));
+    changed = true;
+  }
+  if ('usernames' in out) {
+    delete out.usernames;
+    changed = true;
+  }
+  if (!Array.isArray(out.profiles)) {
+    out.profiles = [];
+    changed = true;
+  }
+  return { next: out, changed };
+}
+
 // xray-core #6334 replaced a fragment mask's single `length`/`delay` ranges
 // with `lengths`/`delays` arrays (the singular keys remain in core only as a
 // fallback). Lift any legacy singular value into a one-element array so the
@@ -171,8 +202,8 @@ function defaultUdpHop(): Record<string, unknown> {
 export default function FinalMaskForm({ name, network, protocol, form, showAll = false }: FinalMaskFormProps) {
   const base = asPath(name);
 
-  // Migrate legacy single-range fragment masks to the per-segment arrays once
-  // on mount so configs saved before #6334 render in the list UI.
+  // Migrate legacy TCP mask shapes once on mount so configs saved before
+  // #6334 (fragment ranges) and #6487 (xmc profiles) render in the list UI.
   const migratedRef = useRef(false);
   useEffect(() => {
     if (migratedRef.current) return;
@@ -183,8 +214,12 @@ export default function FinalMaskForm({ name, network, protocol, form, showAll =
     const next = tcp.map((mask) => {
       if (!mask || typeof mask !== 'object') return mask;
       const m = mask as Record<string, unknown>;
-      if (m.type !== 'fragment' || !m.settings || typeof m.settings !== 'object') return mask;
-      const { next: migrated, changed } = migrateFragmentSettings(m.settings as Record<string, unknown>);
+      if (m.type !== 'fragment' && m.type !== 'xmc') return mask;
+      if (!m.settings || typeof m.settings !== 'object') return mask;
+      const settings = m.settings as Record<string, unknown>;
+      const { next: migrated, changed } = m.type === 'fragment'
+        ? migrateFragmentSettings(settings)
+        : migrateXmcSettings(settings);
       if (!changed) return mask;
       anyChanged = true;
       return { ...m, settings: migrated };
@@ -380,13 +415,7 @@ function TcpMaskItem({
                 <Form.Item label="Hostname" name={[fieldName, 'settings', 'hostname']}>
                   <Input placeholder="Server address mimicked in the handshake" />
                 </Form.Item>
-                <Form.Item
-                  label="Usernames"
-                  name={[fieldName, 'settings', 'usernames']}
-                  extra="Player names offered to probes; core defaults to Dream when empty."
-                >
-                  <Select mode="tags" style={{ width: '100%' }} tokenSeparators={[',']} />
-                </Form.Item>
+                <XmcProfilesList tcpFieldName={fieldName} />
                 <Form.Item label="Password" required>
                   <Space.Compact block>
                     <Form.Item
@@ -528,6 +557,92 @@ function getDeep(obj: unknown, path: (string | number)[]): unknown {
   return cur;
 }
 
+// Mojang hands the profile UUID back undashed from the session server and
+// dashed from most other endpoints; xray-core parses either, so accept both
+// rather than forcing the operator to reformat what they pasted.
+const XMC_UUID_PATTERN = /^(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}|[0-9a-fA-F]{32})$/;
+const XMC_USERNAME_PATTERN = /^[A-Za-z0-9_]{3,16}$/;
+
+function validateXmcUsername(_rule: unknown, value: unknown): Promise<void> {
+  if (typeof value === 'string' && XMC_USERNAME_PATTERN.test(value)) return Promise.resolve();
+  return Promise.reject(new Error('3-16 characters, letters/digits/underscore only'));
+}
+
+function validateXmcUuid(_rule: unknown, value: unknown): Promise<void> {
+  if (typeof value === 'string' && XMC_UUID_PATTERN.test(value.trim())) return Promise.resolve();
+  return Promise.reject(new Error('Enter the profile UUID (dashed or 32 hex characters)'));
+}
+
+// Each mask needs at least one fully signed profile since xray-core #6487 —
+// an empty or partial list makes the core reject the whole config, so the
+// panel blocks the save here rather than letting the backend drop the mask.
+function XmcProfilesList({ tcpFieldName }: { tcpFieldName: number }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  return (
+    <Form.List name={[tcpFieldName, 'settings', 'profiles']}>
+      {(profiles, { add, remove }) => (
+        <>
+          <Form.Item
+            label="Profiles"
+            extra="Signed Minecraft session profiles; resolve the UUID by username, then fetch the profile with unsigned=false."
+          >
+            <Button
+              type="primary"
+              size="small"
+              icon={<PlusOutlined />}
+              aria-label={t('add')}
+              onClick={() => add(defaultXmcProfile())}
+            />
+          </Form.Item>
+          {profiles.map((profile, idx) => (
+            <div key={profile.key}>
+              <Divider style={{ margin: 0 }}>
+                Profile {idx + 1}
+                <DeleteOutlined
+                  className="danger-icon"
+                  role="button"
+                  tabIndex={0}
+                  aria-label={t('remove')}
+                  onClick={() => remove(profile.name)}
+                  onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => remove(profile.name))}
+                />
+              </Divider>
+              <Form.Item
+                label="Username"
+                name={[profile.name, 'username']}
+                rules={[{ validator: validateXmcUsername }]}
+              >
+                <Input placeholder="Notch" />
+              </Form.Item>
+              <Form.Item
+                label="UUID"
+                name={[profile.name, 'uuid']}
+                rules={[{ validator: validateXmcUuid }]}
+              >
+                <Input placeholder="069a79f4-44e9-4726-a5be-fca90e38aaf5" />
+              </Form.Item>
+              <Form.Item
+                label="Textures Value"
+                name={[profile.name, 'texturesValue']}
+                rules={[{ required: true, message: 'Textures value is required' }]}
+              >
+                <Input.TextArea autoSize={{ minRows: 2, maxRows: 4 }} placeholder="Base64 value from the session profile" />
+              </Form.Item>
+              <Form.Item
+                label="Textures Signature"
+                name={[profile.name, 'texturesSignature']}
+                rules={[{ required: true, message: 'Textures signature is required' }]}
+              >
+                <Input.TextArea autoSize={{ minRows: 2, maxRows: 4 }} placeholder="Base64 signature from the session profile" />
+              </Form.Item>
+            </div>
+          ))}
+        </>
+      )}
+    </Form.List>
+  );
+}
+
 function HeaderCustomGroups({
   tcpFieldName, form, absoluteSettingsPath,
 }: {
@@ -1031,12 +1146,18 @@ function ItemEditor({
   onRemove?: () => void;
 }) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
+  /**
+   * Switching to `array` clears the packet instead of emptying it to `[]`:
+   * that branch is rand-driven, and xray-core counts even an empty array as a
+   * packet, rejecting an item that carries both a packet and a rand. That
+   * error fails the whole config, so one such item keeps every inbound offline.
+   */
   const onTypeChange = (v: string) => {
     if (v === 'base64') {
       form.setFieldValue([...absoluteItemPath, 'packet'], RandomUtil.randomBase64());
     } else if (v === 'array') {
       form.setFieldValue([...absoluteItemPath, 'rand'], delayMode === 'string' ? '1-8192' : 0);
-      form.setFieldValue([...absoluteItemPath, 'packet'], []);
+      form.setFieldValue([...absoluteItemPath, 'packet'], undefined);
     } else {
       form.setFieldValue([...absoluteItemPath, 'packet'], '');
     }

frontend/src/lib/xray/inbound-defaults.ts

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ export function createDefaultShadowsocksInboundSettings(
 // constructor — the field discriminates v1 vs v2 inside the same settings
 // shape. Callers that explicitly want v1 pass `{ version: 1 }`.
 export interface HysteriaInboundSeed {
-  version?: number;
+  version?: 2;
 }
 
 export function createDefaultHysteriaInboundSettings(

frontend/src/lib/xray/inbound-form-adapter.ts

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ export interface RawInboundRow {
   enable?: boolean;
   expiryTime?: number;
   trafficReset?: string;
+  trafficResetDay?: number;
   lastTrafficResetTime?: number;
   nodeId?: number | null;
   shareAddrStrategy?: string;
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ export interface WireInboundPayload {
   enable: boolean;
   expiryTime: number;
   trafficReset: TrafficReset;
+  trafficResetDay: number;
   lastTrafficResetTime: number;
   listen: string;
   port: number;
@@ -203,6 +205,7 @@ export function rawInboundToFormValues(row: RawInboundRow): InboundFormValues {
     down: row.down ?? 0,
     total: row.total ?? 0,
     trafficReset: coerceTrafficReset(row.trafficReset),
+    trafficResetDay: Math.min(31, Math.max(1, row.trafficResetDay ?? 1)),
     lastTrafficResetTime: row.lastTrafficResetTime ?? 0,
     nodeId: row.nodeId ?? null,
     shareAddrStrategy: coerceShareAddrStrategy(row.shareAddrStrategy),
@@ -346,6 +349,7 @@ export function formValuesToWirePayload(values: InboundFormValues): WireInboundP
     enable: values.enable,
     expiryTime: values.expiryTime,
     trafficReset: values.trafficReset,
+    trafficResetDay: values.trafficResetDay,
     lastTrafficResetTime: values.lastTrafficResetTime,
     listen: values.listen,
     port: values.port,

frontend/src/lib/xray/inbound-link.ts

@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ function xhttpHostFallback(xhttp: XHttpStreamSettings | undefined): string {
 // Pull the bidirectional SplitHTTPConfig fields out of xhttp into a
 // compact extra payload. Server-only fields (noSSEHeader, scMaxBufferedPosts,
 // scStreamUpServerSecs, serverMaxHeaderBytes) are excluded — the client
-// reading the share link wouldn't honor them. Mirrors the legacy
-// Inbound.buildXhttpExtra exactly so the shadow link snapshots line up.
+// reading the share link wouldn't honor them.
 function buildXhttpExtra(xhttp: XHttpStreamSettings | undefined): Record<string, unknown> | null {
   if (!xhttp) return null;
   const extra: Record<string, unknown> = {};
@@ -86,6 +85,15 @@ function buildXhttpExtra(xhttp: XHttpStreamSettings | undefined): Record<string,
     const v = xhttp[k];
     if (typeof v === 'string' && v.length > 0 && v !== coreDefaults[k]) extra[k] = v;
   }
+  // xray-core #6258 renamed these fields, but older clients still read the
+  // legacy names from share-link extra. Emit both names so one link works
+  // across old and new clients while the stored panel config stays canonical.
+  if (typeof extra.sessionIDPlacement === 'string') {
+    extra.sessionPlacement = extra.sessionIDPlacement;
+  }
+  if (typeof extra.sessionIDKey === 'string') {
+    extra.sessionKey = extra.sessionIDKey;
+  }
 
   // Headers on the wire are a record; emit them as a map upstream's
   // SplitHTTPConfig.headers expects, dropping Host (already on the URL).
@@ -705,11 +713,12 @@ function hysteriaPinHex(pin: string): string {
   }
 }
 
-// Hysteria share link: hysteria://<auth>@<host>:<port>?<query>#<remark>.
-// The URL scheme is "hysteria2" when settings.version === 2 (hysteria v2
-// AKA hysteria2), "hysteria" otherwise. Salamander obfuscation pulls its
-// password from finalmask.udp[type=salamander] when present; the broader
-// finalmask payload still rides under `fm` like the other links.
+// Hysteria share link: hysteria2://<auth>@<host>:<port>?<query>#<remark>.
+// The scheme is always hysteria2 — xray-core builds version 2 only, so the
+// settings schema pins it there and the subscription server emits the same
+// scheme. Salamander obfuscation pulls its password from
+// finalmask.udp[type=salamander] when present; the broader finalmask payload
+// still rides under `fm` like the other links.
 //
 // Note: legacy genHysteriaLink reads stream.tls.settings.allowInsecure,
 // which isn't a field on TlsStreamSettings.Settings — the guard is always
@@ -728,8 +737,7 @@ export function genHysteriaLink(input: GenHysteriaLinkInput): string {
   const stream = inbound.streamSettings;
   if (!stream || stream.security !== 'tls') return '';
 
-  const settings = inbound.settings;
-  const scheme = settings.version === 2 ? 'hysteria2' : 'hysteria';
+  const scheme = 'hysteria2';
 
   const params = new URLSearchParams();
   params.set('security', 'tls');

frontend/src/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize.ts

@@ -104,6 +104,63 @@ export function validateRealityTarget(target: string): string | undefined {
   return undefined;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Parses a REALITY client-version string the way xray-core's config loader
+ * does: one to three dot-separated numeric parts, each 0-255. Returns the
+ * parts padded to three entries, or undefined when the string is not a valid
+ * version.
+ */
+export function parseRealityClientVer(value: string): [number, number, number] | undefined {
+  const trimmed = value.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) return undefined;
+  const parts = trimmed.split('.');
+  if (parts.length > 3) return undefined;
+  const nums: number[] = [];
+  for (const part of parts) {
+    if (!/^\d+$/.test(part)) return undefined;
+    const n = Number(part);
+    if (n > 255) return undefined;
+    nums.push(n);
+  }
+  while (nums.length < 3) nums.push(0);
+  return nums as [number, number, number];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates a REALITY client-version field; empty means "not set" and is
+ * valid. The value is saved exactly as typed and xray-core's part parser
+ * accepts no surrounding whitespace, so a value that differs from its
+ * trimmed form is rejected rather than silently passed to the wire.
+ */
+export function validateRealityClientVer(value: string): string | undefined {
+  if (!value) return undefined;
+  if (value !== value.trim() || !parseRealityClientVer(value)) {
+    return 'pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid';
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates the max client-version field: format first, then that a non-empty
+ * max is not below a non-empty min (an inverted range rejects every client).
+ * An empty or malformed min is left to the min field's own validation.
+ */
+export function validateRealityMaxClientVer(max: string, min: string): string | undefined {
+  const formatError = validateRealityClientVer(max);
+  if (formatError) return formatError;
+  const maxParts = parseRealityClientVer(max);
+  const minParts = parseRealityClientVer(min);
+  if (!maxParts || !minParts) return undefined;
+  for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    if (maxParts[i] !== minParts[i]) {
+      return maxParts[i] < minParts[i]
+        ? 'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin'
+        : undefined;
+    }
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
 function liftLegacyXhttpSessionKeys(obj: Record<string, unknown>): void {
   const lift = (legacy: string, renamed: string) => {
     const v = obj[legacy];

frontend/src/main.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client';
-import { RouterProvider } from 'react-router';
+import { RouterProvider } from 'react-router/dom';
 import { message } from 'antd';
 import 'antd/dist/reset.css';
 import '@/styles/utils.css';

frontend/src/models/dbinbound.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ export type DBInboundInit = Partial<{
     enable: boolean;
     expiryTime: number;
     trafficReset: string;
+    trafficResetDay: number;
     lastTrafficResetTime: number;
     listen: string;
     port: number;
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ export class DBInbound {
     enable: boolean;
     expiryTime: number;
     trafficReset: string;
+    trafficResetDay: number;
     lastTrafficResetTime: number;
 
     listen: string;
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ export class DBInbound {
         this.enable = true;
         this.expiryTime = 0;
         this.trafficReset = "never";
+        this.trafficResetDay = 1;
         this.lastTrafficResetTime = 0;
 
         this.listen = "";

frontend/src/models/setting.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ export class AllSetting {
   expireDiff = 0;
   trafficDiff = 0;
   remarkTemplate = '{{INBOUND}}-{{EMAIL}}|📊{{TRAFFIC_LEFT}}|⏳{{DAYS_LEFT}}D';
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks = false;
   datepicker: 'gregorian' | 'jalalian' = 'gregorian';
   tgBotEnable = false;
   tgBotToken = '';
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ export class AllSetting {
   ldapDefaultTotalGB = 0;
   ldapDefaultExpiryDays = 0;
   ldapDefaultLimitIP = 0;
-  tgEnabledEvents = '';
+  tgEnabledEvents = 'login.attempt,cpu.high';
   smtpEnable = false;
   smtpHost = '';
   smtpPort = 587;
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ export class AllSetting {
   smtpFromName = '';
   smtpTo = '';
   smtpEncryptionType = 'starttls';
-  smtpEnabledEvents = '';
+  smtpEnabledEvents = 'login.attempt,cpu.high';
   smtpCpu = 80;
   smtpMemory = 80;
   outboundDownThreshold = 3;

frontend/src/models/status.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import { NumberFormatter } from '@/utils';
 
+export const USAGE_WARN_PERCENT = 80;
+export const USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT = 90;
+export const USAGE_WARN_COLOR = '#faad14';
+export const USAGE_CRIT_COLOR = '#ff4d4f';
+
 export class CurTotal {
   current: number;
   total: number;
@@ -16,9 +21,9 @@ export class CurTotal {
 
   get color(): string {
     const p = this.percent;
-    if (p < 80) return '#1677ff';
-    if (p < 90) return '#faad14';
-    return '#ff4d4f';
+    if (p < USAGE_WARN_PERCENT) return '#1677ff';
+    if (p < USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT) return USAGE_WARN_COLOR;
+    return USAGE_CRIT_COLOR;
   }
 }
 

frontend/src/pages/api-docs/endpoints.ts

@@ -254,6 +254,11 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
     description:
       'System status, log retrieval, certificate generators, Xray binary management, and backup/restore. All under /panel/api/server.',
     endpoints: [
+      {
+        method: 'GET',
+        path: '/panel/api/openapi.json',
+        summary: 'Serve this API description as an OpenAPI 3 document — the same file that powers the API Docs page. Requires a session or Bearer token like the rest of /panel/api. Useful for generating clients or importing into API tooling.',
+      },
       {
         method: 'GET',
         path: '/panel/api/server/status',
@@ -559,7 +564,7 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
       {
         method: 'GET',
         path: '/panel/api/clients/list/paged',
-        summary: 'Filter, sort, and paginate clients on the server. Each item is a slim row (no uuid/password/auth/flow/security/reverse/tgId) so the clients page can ship 25-ish rows in a few KB instead of the full table. The response also includes a summary computed across the full DB row set so dashboard counters stay stable as the user paginates or filters. Page size capped at 200; fetch /get/:email to obtain the full per-client payload for an edit/info modal.',
+        summary: 'Filter, sort, and paginate clients on the server. Each item is a slim row (no uuid/password/auth/flow/security/reverse/tgId) so the clients page can ship 25-ish rows in a few KB instead of the full table. The response also includes a summary computed across the full DB row set so dashboard counters stay stable as the user paginates or filters: the *Count fields are exact, while the email arrays beside them stop at 200 entries so the payload does not grow with the panel. Page size capped at 200; fetch /get/:email to obtain the full per-client payload for an edit/info modal.',
         params: [
           { name: 'page', in: 'query', type: 'number', desc: '1-indexed page number. Defaults to 1.' },
           { name: 'pageSize', in: 'query', type: 'number', desc: 'Rows per page. Defaults to 25, capped at 200.' },
@@ -570,7 +575,7 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
           { name: 'order', in: 'query', type: 'string', desc: 'ascend or descend.' },
         ],
         response:
-          '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": {\n    "items": [\n      {\n        "email": "alice@example.com",\n        "subId": "abcd1234",\n        "enable": true,\n        "totalGB": 53687091200,\n        "expiryTime": 1735689600000,\n        "limitIp": 0,\n        "reset": 0,\n        "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n        "traffic": { "up": 1024, "down": 4096, "enable": true },\n        "createdAt": 1735000000000,\n        "updatedAt": 1735100000000\n      }\n    ],\n    "total": 2000,\n    "filtered": 47,\n    "page": 1,\n    "pageSize": 25,\n    "summary": {\n      "total": 2000,\n      "active": 1850,\n      "online": ["alice@example.com"],\n      "depleted": [],\n      "expiring": [],\n      "deactive": []\n    }\n  }\n}',
+          '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": {\n    "items": [\n      {\n        "email": "alice@example.com",\n        "subId": "abcd1234",\n        "enable": true,\n        "totalGB": 53687091200,\n        "expiryTime": 1735689600000,\n        "limitIp": 0,\n        "reset": 0,\n        "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n        "traffic": { "up": 1024, "down": 4096, "enable": true },\n        "createdAt": 1735000000000,\n        "updatedAt": 1735100000000\n      }\n    ],\n    "total": 2000,\n    "filtered": 47,\n    "page": 1,\n    "pageSize": 25,\n    "summary": {\n      "total": 2000,\n      "active": 1850,\n      "onlineCount": 1,\n      "depletedCount": 0,\n      "expiringCount": 0,\n      "deactiveCount": 150,\n      "online": ["alice@example.com"],\n      "depleted": [],\n      "expiring": [],\n      "deactive": ["bob@example.com"]\n    }\n  }\n}',
       },
       {
         method: 'GET',
@@ -582,6 +587,16 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
         response:
           '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": {\n    "client": { "id": 1, "email": "alice@example.com", ... },\n    "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n    "externalLinks": [{ "kind": "link", "value": "vless://...", "remark": "DE" }]\n  }\n}',
       },
+      {
+        method: 'GET',
+        path: '/panel/api/clients/get/tgId/:tgId',
+        summary: 'Fetch clients by Telegram user ID. Returns an array since multiple clients can share the same Telegram ID.',
+        params: [
+          { name: 'tgId', in: 'path', type: 'integer', desc: 'Telegram user ID (numeric).' },
+        ],
+        response:
+          '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": [\n    {\n      "client": { "id": 1, "email": "alice@example.com", ... },\n      "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n      "externalLinks": [],\n      "usedTraffic": 1048576\n    }\n  ]\n}',
+      },
       {
         method: 'POST',
         path: '/panel/api/clients/add',
@@ -1154,6 +1169,11 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
         path: '/panel/api/setting/defaultSettings',
         summary: 'Return the computed default settings based on the request host. Useful to preview what a fresh install would use.',
       },
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/panel/api/setting/factoryDefaults',
+        summary: 'Return the shipped (factory) default value per browser-safe setting key, so clients can tell a stored value apart from the default it would fall back to. Per-install material (secret, panelGuid, mTLS keys) and credential fields are never included.',
+      },
       {
         method: 'POST',
         path: '/panel/api/setting/update',

frontend/src/pages/clients/ClientBulkAddModal.tsx

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export default function ClientBulkAddModal({
 }: ClientBulkAddModalProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [messageApi, messageContextHolder] = message.useMessage();
-  const { bulkCreate } = useClients();
+  const { bulkCreate } = useClients({ list: false });
 
   const methods = useForm<ClientBulkAddFormValues>({ defaultValues: EMPTY });
   const inboundIds = useWatch({ control: methods.control, name: 'inboundIds' });

frontend/src/pages/clients/ClientsPage.css

@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@
   white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
+.client-email-more {
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  padding-top: 4px;
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--ant-color-border-secondary, rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.2));
+  opacity: 0.65;
+}
+
 .filter-bar {
   display: flex;
   flex-wrap: wrap;

frontend/src/pages/clients/ClientsPage.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { lazy, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { lazy, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import {
   Badge,
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import {
   Result,
   Row,
   Select,
-  Space,
   Spin,
   Statistic,
   Switch,
@@ -80,12 +79,14 @@ const BulkAttachInboundsModal = lazy(() => import('./BulkAttachInboundsModal'));
 const BulkDetachInboundsModal = lazy(() => import('./BulkDetachInboundsModal'));
 const TextModal = lazy(() => import('@/components/feedback/TextModal'));
 const PromptModal = lazy(() => import('@/components/feedback/PromptModal'));
+import { ClientInboundChips, ClientRowActions } from './RowCells';
 import { emptyFilters, activeFilterCount } from './filters';
 import type { ClientFilters } from './filters';
 import './ClientsPage.css';
 
 const FILTER_STATE_KEY = 'clientsFilterState';
 const DISABLED_PAGE_SIZE = 200;
+const DEFAULT_TABLE_PAGE_SIZE = 25;
 
 function UngroupIcon() {
   return (
@@ -126,12 +127,29 @@ function UngroupIcon() {
   );
 }
 
+// The server sends exact counters but caps the email arrays behind them, so a
+// panel with thousands of depleted clients neither ships nor renders them all.
+// The trailing chip reports what the popover left out.
+function ClientEmailList({ emails, total }: { emails: string[]; total: number }) {
+  const hidden = total - emails.length;
+  return (
+    <div className="client-email-list">
+      {emails.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}
+      {hidden > 0 && <div className="client-email-more">+{hidden}</div>}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 type Bucket = 'active' | 'deactive' | 'depleted' | 'expiring';
 
 interface PersistedFilterState {
   searchKey: string;
   filters: ClientFilters;
   sort: string;
+  // The page size resolved on the previous visit. Without it the first list
+  // request has to wait for /setting/defaultSettings just to learn how many rows
+  // to ask for, which serialises two round trips on every load.
+  pageSize: number | null;
 }
 
 const INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -148,6 +166,9 @@ const INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
   tunnel: 'orange',
 };
 const INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT = 1;
+// A shared empty array keeps the memoised chip cell from seeing a fresh prop for
+// every unattached client on every render.
+const EMPTY_INBOUND_IDS: number[] = [];
 
 function readFilterState(): PersistedFilterState {
   try {
@@ -165,9 +186,10 @@ function readFilterState(): PersistedFilterState {
         groups: Array.isArray(fromRaw.groups) ? fromRaw.groups : [],
       },
       sort: typeof raw.sort === 'string' ? raw.sort : '',
+      pageSize: typeof raw.pageSize === 'number' && raw.pageSize > 0 ? raw.pageSize : null,
     };
   } catch {
-    return { searchKey: '', filters: emptyFilters(), sort: '' };
+    return { searchKey: '', filters: emptyFilters(), sort: '', pageSize: null };
   }
 }
 
@@ -206,11 +228,11 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
 
   const {
     clients, total, filtered,
-    summary: serverSummary,
+    summary,
     allGroups,
     setQuery,
-    inbounds, onlines, loading, transitioning, fetched, fetchError, subSettings,
-    tgBotEnable, expireDiff, trafficDiff, pageSize,
+    inbounds, onlines, transitioning, fetched, fetchError, subSettings,
+    tgBotEnable, expireDiff, trafficDiff, pageSize, settingsReady,
     create, update, remove, bulkDelete, bulkAdjust, bulkEnable, bulkDisable, bulkAddToGroup, bulkRemoveFromGroup, attach, setExternalLinks, bulkAttach, detach, bulkDetach,
     resetTraffic, resetAllTraffics, delDepleted, delOrphans, exportClients, importClients, setEnable,
     clientSpeed,
@@ -266,14 +288,31 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
   const [sortColumn, setSortColumn] = useState<string | null>(initialSort.column);
   const [sortOrder, setSortOrder] = useState<'ascend' | 'descend' | null>(initialSort.order);
   const [currentPage, setCurrentPage] = useState(1);
-  const [tablePageSize, setTablePageSize] = useState(25);
+  // Derived, not mirrored into state by an effect: an effect lags one render
+  // behind the settings arriving, and that lag is what made the page fetch the
+  // list once with the placeholder size and again with the real one.
+  const [pageSizeChoice, setPageSizeChoice] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const settingsPageSize = settingsReady ? (pageSize > 0 ? pageSize : DISABLED_PAGE_SIZE) : null;
+  // Last visit's resolved size stands in until the settings land, so the list
+  // request goes out with the page mount instead of queueing behind them. If the
+  // admin has since changed the setting the authoritative value replaces it and
+  // costs one refetch — only on the load that follows the change. Null means
+  // nothing is known yet, which is the one case worth waiting for.
+  const resolvedPageSize = pageSizeChoice ?? settingsPageSize ?? initial.pageSize;
+  const tablePageSize = resolvedPageSize ?? DEFAULT_TABLE_PAGE_SIZE;
   // debouncedSearch lags behind the input so we don't spam the server on every
   // keystroke; the search box still feels instant locally.
   const [debouncedSearch, setDebouncedSearch] = useState(searchKey);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    localStorage.setItem(FILTER_STATE_KEY, JSON.stringify({ searchKey, filters, sort: sortValueFor(sortColumn, sortOrder) }));
-  }, [searchKey, filters, sortColumn, sortOrder]);
+    localStorage.setItem(FILTER_STATE_KEY, JSON.stringify({
+      searchKey,
+      filters,
+      sort: sortValueFor(sortColumn, sortOrder),
+      // Only ever persist a size we actually resolved, never the render fallback.
+      pageSize: resolvedPageSize,
+    }));
+  }, [searchKey, filters, sortColumn, sortOrder, resolvedPageSize]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handle = window.setTimeout(() => setDebouncedSearch(searchKey), 300);
@@ -304,6 +343,10 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
   }, [filters.nodeIds, filters.inboundIds, inbounds]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
+    // With no remembered size and no settings yet, any query we build would be a
+    // guess, and issuing it costs a full server round trip that is thrown away as
+    // soon as the real size arrives.
+    if (resolvedPageSize === null) return;
     setQuery({
       page: currentPage,
       pageSize: tablePageSize,
@@ -322,13 +365,21 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
       sort: sortColumn || undefined,
       order: sortOrder || undefined,
     });
-  }, [setQuery, currentPage, tablePageSize, debouncedSearch, filters, effectiveInboundCsv, sortColumn, sortOrder]);
+  }, [setQuery, resolvedPageSize, currentPage, tablePageSize, debouncedSearch, filters, effectiveInboundCsv, sortColumn, sortOrder]);
 
   const activeCount = activeFilterCount(filters);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    setTablePageSize(pageSize > 0 ? pageSize : DISABLED_PAGE_SIZE);
-  }, [pageSize]);
+  // Row handlers take an email and look the row up here at call time. Keying
+  // them on the record object instead would defeat the memoised cells: every
+  // traffic push replaces the row object of every client whose counters moved,
+  // so the memo would miss on exactly the rows that are busy. Reading through
+  // the ref also means a modal opened mid-poll shows current usage.
+  const rowsByEmail = useRef(new Map<string, ClientRecord>());
+  rowsByEmail.current = useMemo(() => {
+    const map = new Map<string, ClientRecord>();
+    for (const c of clients) map.set(c.email, c);
+    return map;
+  }, [clients]);
 
   const onlineSet = useMemo(() => new Set(onlines || []), [onlines]);
   const inboundsById = useMemo(() => {
@@ -386,9 +437,6 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
   // a rename.
   const filteredClients = clients;
 
-  // Server-computed counts that stay stable as the user paginates/filters.
-  const summary = serverSummary;
-
   // Sort is server-side now; the page already arrives in the requested
   // order, so we just hand it through.
   const sortedClients = filteredClients;
@@ -458,7 +506,9 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
     setFormOpen(true);
   }
 
-  async function onEdit(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onEdit = useCallback(async (email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     setFormMode('edit');
     // Paged list omits per-client secrets to keep the row payload tiny;
     // edit needs them, so fetch the full record first.
@@ -469,9 +519,11 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
     setEditingAttachedIds([...ids]);
     setEditingExternalLinks(Array.isArray(full?.externalLinks) ? [...full.externalLinks] : []);
     setFormOpen(true);
-  }
+  }, [hydrate]);
 
-  function onDelete(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onDelete = useCallback((email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     modal.confirm({
       title: t('pages.clients.deleteConfirmTitle', { email: row.email }),
       content: t('pages.clients.deleteConfirmContent'),
@@ -483,9 +535,10 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
         if (msg?.success) messageApi.success(t('pages.clients.toasts.deleted'));
       },
     });
-  }
+  }, [modal, t, remove, messageApi]);
 
-  function onResetTraffic(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onResetTraffic = useCallback((email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
     if (!row?.email) {
       messageApi.warning(t('pages.clients.resetNotPossible'));
       return;
@@ -500,19 +553,33 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
         if (msg?.success) messageApi.success(t('pages.clients.toasts.trafficReset'));
       },
     });
-  }
+  }, [modal, t, resetTraffic, messageApi]);
 
-  async function onShowInfo(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onShowInfo = useCallback(async (email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     const full = await hydrate(row.email);
     setInfoClient(full ? { ...row, ...full.client, inboundIds: full.inboundIds } : row);
     setInfoOpen(true);
-  }
+  }, [hydrate]);
 
-  async function onShowQr(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onShowQr = useCallback(async (email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     const full = await hydrate(row.email);
     setQrClient(full ? { ...row, ...full.client, inboundIds: full.inboundIds } : row);
     setQrOpen(true);
-  }
+  }, [hydrate]);
+
+  const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false);
+  const onRefreshClick = useCallback(async () => {
+    setRefreshing(true);
+    try {
+      await refresh();
+    } finally {
+      setRefreshing(false);
+    }
+  }, [refresh]);
 
   const openText = useCallback((opts: { title: string; content: string; fileName?: string }) => {
     setTextTitle(opts.title);
@@ -747,7 +814,7 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
 
   const onTableChange: NonNullable<TableProps<ClientRecord>['onChange']> = (pag) => {
     if (pag?.current) setCurrentPage(pag.current);
-    if (pag?.pageSize) setTablePageSize(pag.pageSize);
+    if (pag?.pageSize) setPageSizeChoice(pag.pageSize);
   };
 
   const columns = useMemo<ColumnsType<ClientRecord>>(() => [
@@ -756,23 +823,14 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
       key: 'actions',
       width: 200,
       render: (_v, record) => (
-        <Space size={4}>
-          <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.qrCode')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<QrcodeOutlined />} aria-label={t('pages.clients.qrCode')} onClick={() => onShowQr(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-          <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<InfoCircleOutlined />} aria-label={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')} onClick={() => onShowInfo(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-          <Tooltip title={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<RetweetOutlined />} aria-label={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')} onClick={() => onResetTraffic(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-          <Tooltip title={t('edit')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<EditOutlined />} aria-label={t('edit')} onClick={() => onEdit(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-          <Tooltip title={t('delete')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" danger style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<DeleteOutlined />} aria-label={t('delete')} onClick={() => onDelete(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-        </Space>
+        <ClientRowActions
+          email={record.email}
+          onShowQr={onShowQr}
+          onShowInfo={onShowInfo}
+          onResetTraffic={onResetTraffic}
+          onEdit={onEdit}
+          onDelete={onDelete}
+        />
       ),
     },
     {
@@ -854,42 +912,13 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
       key: 'inboundIds',
       width: 170,
       render: (_v, record) => {
-        const ids = record.inboundIds || [];
-        if (ids.length === 0) return <span style={{ color: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.45)' }}>—</span>;
-        const visible = ids.slice(0, INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT);
-        const overflow = ids.slice(INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT);
-        const chip = (id: number, compact: boolean) => {
-          const ib = inboundsById[id];
-          const proto = (ib?.protocol || '').toLowerCase();
-          const color = INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS[proto] ?? 'default';
-          const compactLabel = formatInboundLabel(ib?.tag, ib?.remark);
-          return (
-            <Tooltip key={id} title={inboundLabel(id)}>
-              <Tag color={color} style={{ margin: 2 }}>
-                {compact ? compactLabel : inboundLabel(id)}
-              </Tag>
-            </Tooltip>
-          );
-        };
         return (
-          <>
-            {visible.map((id) => chip(id, true))}
-            {overflow.length > 0 && (
-              <Popover
-                trigger="click"
-                placement="bottomRight"
-                content={
-                  <div style={{ display: 'flex', flexDirection: 'column', gap: 4, maxWidth: 280, maxHeight: 280, overflowY: 'auto' }}>
-                    {overflow.map((id) => chip(id, false))}
-                  </div>
-                }
-              >
-                <Tag color="default" style={{ margin: 2, cursor: 'pointer' }}>
-                  +{overflow.length}
-                </Tag>
-              </Popover>
-            )}
-          </>
+          <ClientInboundChips
+            ids={record.inboundIds || EMPTY_INBOUND_IDS}
+            inboundsById={inboundsById}
+            protocolColors={INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS}
+            chipLimit={INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT}
+          />
         );
       },
     },
@@ -998,7 +1027,7 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                   status="error"
                   title={t('somethingWentWrong')}
                   subTitle={fetchError}
-                  extra={<Button type="primary" loading={loading} onClick={refresh}>{t('refresh')}</Button>}
+                  extra={<Button type="primary" loading={refreshing} onClick={onRefreshClick}>{t('refresh')}</Button>}
                 />
               ) : (
                 <Row gutter={[isMobile ? 8 : 16, isMobile ? 8 : 12]}>
@@ -1011,37 +1040,37 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('online')}
-                            open={summary.online.length ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.online.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            open={summary.onlineCount ? undefined : false}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.online} total={summary.onlineCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('online')} value={String(summary.online.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-blue" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('online')} value={String(summary.onlineCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-blue" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('depleted')}
-                            open={summary.depleted.length ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.depleted.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            open={summary.depletedCount ? undefined : false}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.depleted} total={summary.depletedCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('depleted')} value={String(summary.depleted.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-red" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('depleted')} value={String(summary.depletedCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-red" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('depletingSoon')}
-                            open={summary.expiring.length ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.expiring.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            open={summary.expiringCount ? undefined : false}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.expiring} total={summary.expiringCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('depletingSoon')} value={String(summary.expiring.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-orange" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('depletingSoon')} value={String(summary.expiringCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-orange" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('disabled')}
-                            open={summary.deactive.length ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.deactive.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            open={summary.deactiveCount ? undefined : false}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.deactive} total={summary.deactiveCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('disabled')} value={String(summary.deactive.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-gray" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('disabled')} value={String(summary.deactiveCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-gray" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
@@ -1368,7 +1397,7 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                                   showTotal={(n) => `${n}`}
                                   onChange={(p, s) => {
                                     setCurrentPage(p);
-                                    if (s && s !== tablePageSize) setTablePageSize(s);
+                                    if (s && s !== tablePageSize) setPageSizeChoice(s);
                                   }}
                                 />
                               </div>
@@ -1395,8 +1424,8 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                                           role="button"
                                           tabIndex={0}
                                           aria-label={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}
-                                          onClick={() => onShowInfo(row)}
-                                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => onShowInfo(row))}
+                                          onClick={() => onShowInfo(row.email)}
+                                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => onShowInfo(row.email))}
                                         />
                                       </Tooltip>
                                       <Switch
@@ -1413,23 +1442,23 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                                             {
                                               key: 'qr',
                                               label: <><QrcodeOutlined /> {t('pages.clients.qrCode')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onShowQr(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onShowQr(row.email),
                                             },
                                             {
                                               key: 'reset',
                                               label: <><RetweetOutlined /> {t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onResetTraffic(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onResetTraffic(row.email),
                                             },
                                             {
                                               key: 'edit',
                                               label: <><EditOutlined /> {t('edit')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onEdit(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onEdit(row.email),
                                             },
                                             {
                                               key: 'delete',
                                               danger: true,
                                               label: <><DeleteOutlined /> {t('delete')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onDelete(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onDelete(row.email),
                                             },
                                           ],
                                         }}

frontend/src/pages/clients/RowCells.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import { memo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Button, Popover, Space, Tag, Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import {
+  DeleteOutlined,
+  EditOutlined,
+  InfoCircleOutlined,
+  QrcodeOutlined,
+  RetweetOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { formatInboundLabel } from '@/lib/inbounds/label';
+import type { InboundOption } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+
+const ICON_BUTTON_STYLE = { fontSize: 16 } as const;
+
+interface ClientRowActionsProps {
+  email: string;
+  onShowQr: (email: string) => void;
+  onShowInfo: (email: string) => void;
+  onResetTraffic: (email: string) => void;
+  onEdit: (email: string) => void;
+  onDelete: (email: string) => void;
+}
+
+// Five Tooltip-wrapped buttons per row, none of which depend on traffic. Left
+// inline they re-ran rc-tooltip's alignment machinery for every visible row on
+// every traffic push — 125 Tooltips on a 25-row page, five seconds apart.
+// Keyed on the email rather than the row object, because a push replaces the row
+// object of every client whose counters moved; the page resolves the live row.
+export const ClientRowActions = memo(function ClientRowActions({
+  email,
+  onShowQr,
+  onShowInfo,
+  onResetTraffic,
+  onEdit,
+  onDelete,
+}: ClientRowActionsProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  return (
+    <Space size={4}>
+      <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.qrCode')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<QrcodeOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('pages.clients.qrCode')}
+          onClick={() => onShowQr(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<InfoCircleOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}
+          onClick={() => onShowInfo(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<RetweetOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}
+          onClick={() => onResetTraffic(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('edit')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<EditOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('edit')}
+          onClick={() => onEdit(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('delete')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          danger
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<DeleteOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('delete')}
+          onClick={() => onDelete(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+    </Space>
+  );
+});
+
+const CHIP_STYLE = { margin: 2 } as const;
+const OVERFLOW_CHIP_STYLE = { margin: 2, cursor: 'pointer' } as const;
+const OVERFLOW_LIST_STYLE = {
+  display: 'flex',
+  flexDirection: 'column' as const,
+  gap: 4,
+  maxWidth: 280,
+  maxHeight: 280,
+  overflowY: 'auto' as const,
+};
+
+interface ClientInboundChipsProps {
+  ids: number[];
+  inboundsById: Record<number, InboundOption>;
+  protocolColors: Record<string, string>;
+  chipLimit: number;
+}
+
+// Attachments never change on a traffic push either, so the same memoisation
+// applies: one Tooltip per visible chip plus a Popover for the overflow.
+export const ClientInboundChips = memo(function ClientInboundChips({
+  ids,
+  inboundsById,
+  protocolColors,
+  chipLimit,
+}: ClientInboundChipsProps) {
+  if (ids.length === 0) return <span className="cell-empty">—</span>;
+
+  const label = (id: number) => {
+    const ib = inboundsById[id];
+    return formatInboundLabel(ib?.tag, ib?.remark);
+  };
+  const chip = (id: number) => {
+    const proto = (inboundsById[id]?.protocol || '').toLowerCase();
+    return (
+      <Tooltip key={id} title={label(id)}>
+        <Tag color={protocolColors[proto] ?? 'default'} style={CHIP_STYLE}>{label(id)}</Tag>
+      </Tooltip>
+    );
+  };
+
+  const visible = ids.slice(0, chipLimit);
+  const overflow = ids.slice(chipLimit);
+  return (
+    <>
+      {visible.map(chip)}
+      {overflow.length > 0 && (
+        <Popover
+          trigger="click"
+          placement="bottomRight"
+          content={<div style={OVERFLOW_LIST_STYLE}>{overflow.map(chip)}</div>}
+        >
+          <Tag color="default" style={OVERFLOW_CHIP_STYLE}>+{overflow.length}</Tag>
+        </Popover>
+      )}
+    </>
+  );
+});

frontend/src/pages/groups/GroupsPage.tsx

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ export default function GroupsPage() {
   useEffect(() => { setMessageInstance(messageApi); }, [messageApi]);
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
 
-  const { subSettings, bulkAdjust, bulkAddToGroup, bulkRemoveFromGroup, bulkDelete } = useClients();
+  const { subSettings, bulkAdjust, bulkAddToGroup, bulkRemoveFromGroup, bulkDelete } = useClients({ list: false });
 
   const groupsQuery = useQuery({
     queryKey: keys.clients.groups(),

frontend/src/pages/inbounds/form/InboundFormModal.tsx

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import {
   isSS2022,
 } from '@/lib/xray/protocol-capabilities';
 import {
+  InboundDbFieldsSchema,
   InboundFormBaseSchema,
   InboundFormSchema,
   type InboundFormValues,
@@ -256,6 +257,7 @@ export default function InboundFormModal({
   const wTunnelNetwork = useWatch({ control, name: 'settings.allowedNetwork' });
   const wTotal = (useWatch({ control, name: 'total' }) as number | undefined) ?? 0;
   const wExpiry = (useWatch({ control, name: 'expiryTime' }) as number | undefined) ?? 0;
+  const trafficReset = useWatch({ control, name: 'trafficReset' }) ?? 'never';
   const autoTagRef = useRef(true);
   const lastWrittenTagRef = useRef('');
   const currentTagInput = (): InboundTagInput => ({
@@ -697,6 +699,16 @@ export default function InboundFormModal({
         />
       </FormField>
 
+      {trafficReset === 'monthly' && (
+        <FormField
+          name="trafficResetDay"
+          label={t('pages.inbounds.periodicTrafficResetDay')}
+          rules={{ validate: rhfZodValidate(InboundDbFieldsSchema.shape.trafficResetDay) }}
+        >
+          <InputNumber min={1} max={31} />
+        </FormField>
+      )}
+
       <Form.Item
         label={
           <Tooltip title={t('pages.inbounds.leaveBlankToNeverExpire')}>

frontend/src/pages/inbounds/form/security/reality.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 import { useState } from 'react';
+import { useFormContext } from 'react-hook-form';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Collapse, Descriptions, Divider, Form, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch } from 'antd';
 import { RadarChartOutlined, ReloadOutlined, SearchOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
 import { FormField } from '@/components/form/rhf';
 import { UTLS_FINGERPRINT } from '@/schemas/primitives';
-import { validateRealityTarget } from '@/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize';
+import {
+  validateRealityClientVer,
+  validateRealityMaxClientVer,
+  validateRealityTarget,
+} from '@/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize';
 import type { RealityScanResult } from '@/generated/types';
 import RealityTargetScannerModal from './RealityTargetScannerModal';
 
@@ -39,7 +44,14 @@ export default function RealityForm({
   clearMldsa65,
 }: RealityFormProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { getFieldState, trigger } = useFormContext();
   const [scannerOpen, setScannerOpen] = useState(false);
+  const maxClientVerPath = 'streamSettings.realitySettings.maxClientVer';
+  const revalidateMaxClientVer = () => {
+    if (getFieldState(maxClientVerPath).error) {
+      void trigger(maxClientVerPath);
+    }
+  };
   return (
     <>
       <FormField
@@ -127,14 +139,31 @@ export default function RealityForm({
       <FormField
         name={['streamSettings', 'realitySettings', 'minClientVer']}
         label={t('pages.inbounds.form.minClientVer')}
+        tooltip={t('pages.inbounds.form.minClientVerHint')}
+        onAfterChange={revalidateMaxClientVer}
+        rules={{
+          validate: (value) => {
+            const errKey = validateRealityClientVer(typeof value === 'string' ? value : '');
+            return errKey ? errKey : true;
+          },
+        }}
       >
         <Input placeholder="26.3.27" />
       </FormField>
       <FormField
         name={['streamSettings', 'realitySettings', 'maxClientVer']}
         label={t('pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVer')}
+        tooltip={t('pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerHint')}
+        rules={{
+          validate: (value, formValues) => {
+            const max = typeof value === 'string' ? value : '';
+            const min = formValues?.streamSettings?.realitySettings?.minClientVer;
+            const errKey = validateRealityMaxClientVer(max, typeof min === 'string' ? min : '');
+            return errKey ? errKey : true;
+          },
+        }}
       >
-        <Input placeholder="25.9.11" />
+        <Input placeholder="x.y.z" />
       </FormField>
       <Form.Item label={t('pages.inbounds.form.shortIds')}>
         <Space.Compact block style={{ display: 'flex' }}>

frontend/src/pages/inbounds/form/transport/xhttp.tsx

@@ -265,11 +265,11 @@ export default function XhttpForm() {
           >
             <Select
               options={[
-                { value: '', label: 'Default (body)' },
+                { value: '', label: 'Default (auto)' },
+                { value: 'auto', label: 'auto' },
                 { value: 'body', label: 'body' },
                 { value: 'header', label: 'header' },
                 { value: 'cookie', label: 'cookie' },
-                { value: 'query', label: 'query' },
               ]}
             />
           </FormField>

frontend/src/pages/index/ConnectionsCard.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Card, theme } from 'antd';
+
+import { Sparkline } from '@/components/viz';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+interface ConnectionsCardProps {
+  status: Status;
+  tcp: number[];
+  udp: number[];
+  labels: string[];
+  isMobile: boolean;
+}
+
+export default function ConnectionsCard({ status, tcp, udp, labels, isMobile }: ConnectionsCardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { token } = theme.useToken();
+  const accent = token.colorPrimary;
+  const udpColor = token.colorTextTertiary;
+
+  const referenceLines = useMemo(
+    () => [
+      { y: status.udpCount, color: udpColor, dash: '2 4' },
+      { y: status.tcpCount, color: accent, dash: '2 4' },
+    ],
+    [status.tcpCount, status.udpCount, accent, udpColor],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-wide-head ov-wide-head-stack">
+        <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.connectionCount')}</div>
+        <div className="ov-conn-total">
+          <span className="ov-tile-number">{status.tcpCount + status.udpCount}</span>
+          <span className="ov-tile-unit">{t('pages.index.openSockets')}</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-conn-legend">
+        <div className="ov-legend-label">
+          <span className="ov-swatch" style={{ background: accent }} />
+          TCP
+          <span className="ov-legend-num">{status.tcpCount.toLocaleString()}</span>
+        </div>
+        <div className="ov-legend-label">
+          <span className="ov-swatch" style={{ background: udpColor }} />
+          UDP
+          <span className="ov-legend-num">{status.udpCount.toLocaleString()}</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-wide-chart">
+        <Sparkline
+          data={tcp}
+          data2={udp}
+          labels={labels}
+          height={isMobile ? 120 : 170}
+          strokeWidth={1.5}
+          fillOpacity={0.24}
+          showTooltip
+          showLegend={false}
+          valueMax={null}
+          stroke={accent}
+          stroke2={udpColor}
+          name1="TCP"
+          name2="UDP"
+          yFormatter={(v) => Math.round(v).toLocaleString()}
+          referenceLines={referenceLines}
+        />
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/IndexPage.css

@@ -1,51 +1,470 @@
+/* Overview page — trend-first layout. Every colour comes from the AntD theme
+   tokens so light / dark / ultra-dark keep working and the sidebar is untouched.
+   Set --ov-accent once here if you want a fixed accent instead of the primary. */
+
+.index-page {
+  --ov-accent: var(--ant-color-primary);
+  --ov-line: var(--ant-color-border);
+  --ov-label: var(--ant-color-text-secondary);
+  --ov-faint: var(--ant-color-text-tertiary);
+  --ov-gap: 12px;
+  --ov-pad: 20px;
+}
+
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
   .index-page .content-area {
     padding: 12px;
     padding-top: 64px;
   }
+
+  .index-page {
+    --ov-gap: 8px;
+    --ov-pad: 14px;
+  }
 }
 
-.index-page .action {
-  cursor: pointer;
-  justify-content: center;
-  max-width: 100%;
-  flex-wrap: nowrap;
+.ov-page {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: var(--ov-gap);
 }
 
-.index-page .action > span:not(.anticon) {
-  white-space: nowrap;
-  overflow: hidden;
-  text-overflow: ellipsis;
-  min-width: 0;
+/* — action bar — */
+
+.ov-bar {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 12px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
 }
 
-.index-page .action-update {
-  color: var(--ant-color-warning);
-  font-weight: 600;
-}
-
-.index-page .action-update .anticon {
-  color: var(--ant-color-warning);
-}
-
-.index-page .history-tag {
-  cursor: pointer;
+.ov-state {
   display: inline-flex;
   align-items: center;
-  gap: 4px;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 4px 12px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--ov-line);
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+}
+
+.ov-state-dot {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 6px;
+  height: 6px;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  background: currentColor;
+  flex: none;
+}
+
+.ov-state[data-state='running'] .ov-state-dot::after {
+  content: '';
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: -1px;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  border: 1px solid currentColor;
+  animation: ovPulse 1.6s infinite ease-out;
+}
+
+@keyframes ovPulse {
+  0% { transform: scale(0.9); opacity: 0.5; }
+  100% { transform: scale(2.4); opacity: 0; }
+}
+
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+  .ov-state[data-state='running'] .ov-state-dot::after {
+    animation: none;
+  }
+}
+
+.ov-state-version,
+.ov-panel-version {
+  padding: 0;
+  border: 0;
+  background: transparent;
+  font: inherit;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+  transition: color 0.2s;
+}
+
+.ov-state-version:hover,
+.ov-state-version:focus-visible,
+.ov-panel-version:hover,
+.ov-panel-version:focus-visible {
+  color: var(--ant-color-primary);
+}
+
+.ov-panel-version {
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-update-tag {
+  cursor: pointer;
   margin-inline-end: 0;
 }
 
-.index-page .ip-toggle-icon {
-  cursor: pointer;
-  font-size: 16px;
+.ov-error-detail {
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+  word-break: break-word;
 }
 
-.index-page .ip-hidden .ant-statistic-content-value {
-  filter: blur(6px);
+.ov-bar-actions {
+  margin-inline-start: auto;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 4px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+  .ov-bar-actions {
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
+    width: 100%;
+    justify-content: space-between;
+  }
+}
+
+.ov-bar-sep {
+  width: 1px;
+  height: 20px;
+  background: var(--ov-line);
+  margin: 0 4px;
+}
+
+.ov-health {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  font-size: 12.5px;
+}
+
+.ov-health-mark {
+  width: 14px;
+  height: 1px;
+  background: currentColor;
+  flex: none;
+}
+
+.ov-rule {
+  height: 1px;
+  border: 0;
+  margin: 0;
+  background: linear-gradient(
+    to right,
+    transparent,
+    var(--ov-line) 48px,
+    var(--ov-line) calc(100% - 48px),
+    transparent
+  );
+}
+
+/* — shared type — */
+
+.ov-kicker {
+  font-size: 11px;
+  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-kicker-icon {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 7px;
+}
+
+.ov-sub {
+  font-size: 12.5px;
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-mono {
+  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
+}
+
+/* — vitals tiles — */
+
+.ov-vitals {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
+  gap: var(--ov-gap);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1100px) {
+  .ov-vitals { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 560px) {
+  .ov-vitals { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
+}
+
+.ov-tile {
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-head {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 14px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  color: var(--ov-accent);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-icon {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  font-size: 15px;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-value {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: 4px;
+  padding: 12px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-number {
+  font-size: 34px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  line-height: 1;
+  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-unit {
+  font-size: 14px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-detail {
+  padding: 5px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-foot {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 14px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  font-size: 10px;
+  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-chart {
+  margin-top: 6px;
+}
+
+/* — throughput + connections — */
+
+.ov-mid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
+  gap: var(--ov-gap);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1100px) {
+  .ov-mid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
+}
+
+.ov-wide-head {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: var(--ov-pad) var(--ov-pad) 0;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-head-stack {
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 0;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-legend {
+  margin-inline-start: auto;
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 22px;
+  text-align: end;
+}
+
+.ov-legend-label {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  gap: 6px;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-legend-num {
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-total {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: 6px;
+  margin-top: 12px;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-legend {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: 16px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-legend > div {
+  flex: 1 1 0;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-legend .ov-legend-label {
+  justify-content: flex-start;
+}
+
+.ov-swatch {
+  width: 14px;
+  height: 2px;
+  flex: none;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-chart {
+  padding: 12px 8px 0;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-foot {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 16px;
+  margin: 12px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  padding: 14px 0 var(--ov-pad);
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--ov-line);
+}
+
+.ov-wide-foot > div {
+  flex: 1 1 0;
+}
+
+.ov-foot-sep {
+  width: 1px;
+  background: var(--ov-line);
+}
+
+.ov-foot-value {
+  font-size: 18px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.ov-foot-part {
+  display: inline-block;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 560px) {
+  .ov-wide-foot {
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 10px;
+  }
+
+  .ov-wide-foot .ov-foot-sep {
+    display: none;
+  }
+}
+
+/* — system strip — */
+
+/* tracks follow SystemStrip's cell order:
+   uptime (xray | os) · panel (memory | threads) · ip addresses */
+.ov-strip-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns:
+    minmax(max-content, 1.2fr) minmax(max-content, 1.2fr) minmax(0, 1.6fr);
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: var(--ov-pad);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1439px) {
+  .ov-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1100px) {
+  .ov-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 560px) {
+  .ov-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1440px) {
+  .ov-strip-cell + .ov-strip-cell {
+    border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--ov-line);
+    padding-inline-start: 16px;
+  }
+}
+
+.ov-strip-value {
+  font-size: 19px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  margin-top: 6px;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.ov-strip-split {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: stretch;
+  gap: 14px;
+}
+
+.ov-strip-split-sep {
+  width: 1px;
+  background: var(--ov-line);
+  margin-top: 8px;
+}
+
+.ov-strip-sub {
+  font-size: 10px;
+  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-strip-sub + .ov-strip-value {
+  margin-top: 2px;
+}
+
+.ov-ip {
+  margin-top: 7px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
   transition: filter 0.2s ease;
 }
 
-.index-page .ip-visible .ant-statistic-content-value {
-  filter: none;
+.ov-ip-v6 {
+  margin-top: 3px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+/* — preserved from the previous overview — */
+
+.index-page .ip-toggle-icon {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-size: 15px;
+  margin-inline-start: auto;
+}
+
+.index-page .ip-hidden {
+  filter: blur(6px);
 }

frontend/src/pages/index/IndexPage.tsx

@@ -1,53 +1,29 @@
 import { lazy, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Button, ConfigProvider, Layout, Modal, Result, Spin, message } from 'antd';
 import {
-  Button,
-  Card,
-  Col,
-  ConfigProvider,
-  Layout,
-  message,
-  Modal,
-  Result,
-  Row,
-  Space,
-  Spin,
-  Statistic,
-  Tag,
-  Tooltip,
-} from 'antd';
-import {
-  BarsOutlined,
-  ControlOutlined,
-  CloudServerOutlined,
-  CloudDownloadOutlined,
-  CloudUploadOutlined,
-  ArrowUpOutlined,
-  ArrowDownOutlined,
-  AreaChartOutlined,
-  GlobalOutlined,
-  SwapOutlined,
-  EyeOutlined,
-  EyeInvisibleOutlined,
-  ThunderboltOutlined,
-  DesktopOutlined,
-  DatabaseOutlined,
-  ForkOutlined,
   CopyOutlined,
-  TelegramFilled,
+  CloudDownloadOutlined,
+  DashboardOutlined,
+  DatabaseOutlined,
+  HddOutlined,
+  SwapOutlined,
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
-import { HttpUtil, SizeFormatter, TimeFormatter, ClipboardManager, FileManager } from '@/utils';
-import { formatPanelVersion } from '@/lib/panel-version';
-import { activateOnKey } from '@/utils/a11y';
+import { HttpUtil, CPUFormatter, SizeFormatter, ClipboardManager, FileManager } from '@/utils';
+import { USAGE_CRIT_COLOR, USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT, USAGE_WARN_COLOR, USAGE_WARN_PERCENT } from '@/models/status';
 import { useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
 import { useStatusQuery } from '@/api/queries/useStatusQuery';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import AppSidebar from '@/layouts/AppSidebar';
 import { LazyMount } from '@/components/utility';
 import { setMessageInstance } from '@/utils/messageBus';
-import StatusCard from './StatusCard';
-import XrayStatusCard from './XrayStatusCard';
+import OverviewActionBar from './OverviewActionBar';
+import VitalTile from './VitalTile';
+import ThroughputCard from './ThroughputCard';
+import ConnectionsCard from './ConnectionsCard';
+import SystemStrip from './SystemStrip';
+import { mean, peak, useOverviewHistory } from './useOverviewHistory';
 import type { PanelUpdateInfo } from './PanelUpdateModal';
 const JsonEditor = lazy(() => import('@/components/form/JsonEditor'));
 const PanelUpdateModal = lazy(() => import('./PanelUpdateModal'));
@@ -90,6 +66,8 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [loadingTip, setLoadingTip] = useState(t('loading'));
 
+  const history = useOverviewHistory(status, fetched && !fetchError);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     HttpUtil.post<{ accessLogEnable?: boolean; devChannelEnable?: boolean }>(
       '/panel/api/setting/defaultSettings',
@@ -127,10 +105,6 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
     await refresh();
   }, [refresh]);
 
-  function openPanelVersion() {
-    setPanelUpdateOpen(true);
-  }
-
   async function handleChannelChange(dev: boolean) {
     const res = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/server/setUpdateChannel', { dev });
     if (!res?.success) return;
@@ -139,10 +113,6 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
     if (msg?.success && msg.obj) setPanelUpdateInfo(msg.obj);
   }
 
-  function openTelegram() {
-    window.open('https://t.me/XrayUI', '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer');
-  }
-
   async function openConfig() {
     setLoading(true);
     try {
@@ -165,6 +135,23 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
   }
 
   const pageClass = `index-page ${isDark ? 'is-dark' : ''} ${isUltra ? 'is-ultra' : ''}`.trim();
+  const totalDisk = status.disk.total;
+  const freeDisk = Math.max(0, totalDisk - status.disk.current);
+
+  const health = useMemo(() => {
+    const items = [
+      { name: t('pages.index.cpu'), value: status.cpu.percent },
+      { name: t('pages.index.memory'), value: status.mem.percent },
+      { name: t('pages.index.swap'), value: status.swap.percent },
+      { name: t('pages.index.storage'), value: status.disk.percent },
+    ];
+    const list = (xs: typeof items) => xs.map((i) => `${i.name} ${i.value.toFixed(0)}%`).join(', ');
+    const crit = items.filter((i) => i.value >= USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT);
+    if (crit.length) return { text: t('pages.index.healthCritical', { list: list(crit) }), color: USAGE_CRIT_COLOR };
+    const warm = items.filter((i) => i.value >= USAGE_WARN_PERCENT);
+    if (warm.length) return { text: t('pages.index.healthWarm', { list: list(warm) }), color: USAGE_WARN_COLOR };
+    return null;
+  }, [status, t]);
 
   return (
     <ConfigProvider theme={antdThemeConfig}>
@@ -190,277 +177,105 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
                   extra={<Button type="primary" onClick={refresh}>{t('refresh')}</Button>}
                 />
               ) : (
-                <Row gutter={[isMobile ? 8 : 16, 12]}>
-                  <Col span={24}>
-                    <StatusCard status={status} isMobile={isMobile} />
-                  </Col>
+                <div className="ov-page">
+                  <OverviewActionBar
+                    status={status}
+                    isMobile={isMobile}
+                    accessLogEnable={accessLogEnable}
+                    panelVersion={displayVersion}
+                    latestVersion={panelUpdateInfo.latestVersion}
+                    updateAvailable={panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable}
+                    onStopXray={stopXray}
+                    onRestartXray={restartXray}
+                    onOpenLogs={() => setLogsOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenXrayLogs={() => setXrayLogsOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenConfig={openConfig}
+                    onOpenBackup={() => setBackupOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenSystemHistory={() => setSysHistoryOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenXrayMetrics={() => setXrayMetricsOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenPanelUpdate={() => setPanelUpdateOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenVersionSwitch={() => setVersionOpen(true)}
+                  />
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <XrayStatusCard
-                      status={status}
+                  {health && (
+                    <div className="ov-health" style={{ color: health.color }}>
+                      <span className="ov-health-mark" />
+                      {health.text}
+                    </div>
+                  )}
+
+                  <hr className="ov-rule" />
+
+                  <div className="ov-vitals">
+                    <VitalTile
+                      icon={<DashboardOutlined />}
+                      label={t('pages.index.cpu')}
+                      percent={status.cpu.percent}
+                      statusColor={status.cpu.color}
+                      detail={`${CPUFormatter.cpuCoreFormat(status.cpuCores)} / ${status.logicalPro}T · ${CPUFormatter.cpuSpeedFormat(status.cpuSpeedMhz)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.cpu).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.peak')} ${peak(history.series.cpu).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.cpu}
                       isMobile={isMobile}
-                      accessLogEnable={accessLogEnable}
-                      onStopXray={stopXray}
-                      onRestartXray={restartXray}
-                      onOpenXrayLogs={() => setXrayLogsOpen(true)}
-                      onOpenLogs={() => setLogsOpen(true)}
-                      onOpenVersionSwitch={() => setVersionOpen(true)}
                     />
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card
-                      title={t('menu.link')}
-                      hoverable
-                      actions={[
-                        <Space className="action" key="logs" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.logs')} onClick={() => setLogsOpen(true)} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setLogsOpen(true))}>
-                          <BarsOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.logs')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space className="action" key="config" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.config')} onClick={openConfig} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(openConfig)}>
-                          <ControlOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.config')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space className="action" key="backup" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.backupTitle')} onClick={() => setBackupOpen(true)} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setBackupOpen(true))}>
-                          <CloudServerOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.backupTitle')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                      ]}
+                    <VitalTile
+                      icon={<DatabaseOutlined />}
+                      label={t('pages.index.memory')}
+                      percent={status.mem.percent}
+                      statusColor={status.mem.color}
+                      detail={`${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.current)} / ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.total)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.mem).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.peak')} ${peak(history.series.mem).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.mem}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
                     />
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card
-                      title={
-                        <Space>
-                          <span>3X-UI</span>
-                          {isMobile && displayVersion && (
-                            <Tag color={panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable ? 'orange' : 'green'}>
-                              {panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable
-                                ? formatPanelVersion(panelUpdateInfo.latestVersion)
-                                : formatPanelVersion(displayVersion)}
-                            </Tag>
-                          )}
-                        </Space>
-                      }
-                      hoverable
-                      actions={[
-                        <Space className="action" key="tg" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label="@XrayUI" onClick={openTelegram} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(openTelegram)}>
-                          <TelegramFilled aria-hidden="true" />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>@XrayUI</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space
-                          key="panel-version"
-                          className={`action ${panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable ? 'action-update' : ''}`}
-                          role="button"
-                          tabIndex={0}
-                          aria-label={t('pages.index.updatePanel')}
-                          onClick={openPanelVersion}
-                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(openPanelVersion)}
-                        >
-                          <CloudDownloadOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && (
-                            <span>
-                              {panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable
-                                ? `${t('update')} ${formatPanelVersion(panelUpdateInfo.latestVersion)}`
-                                : formatPanelVersion(displayVersion)}
-                            </span>
-                          )}
-                        </Space>,
-                      ]}
+                    <VitalTile
+                      icon={<SwapOutlined />}
+                      label={t('pages.index.swap')}
+                      percent={status.swap.percent}
+                      statusColor={status.swap.color}
+                      detail={`${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.current)} / ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.total)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.swap).toFixed(1)}%`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.peak')} ${peak(history.series.swap).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.swap}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
                     />
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card
-                      title={t('pages.index.charts')}
-                      hoverable
-                      actions={[
-                        <Space
-                          className="action"
-                          key="sys-history"
-                          role="button"
-                          tabIndex={0}
-                          aria-label={t('pages.index.systemHistoryTitle')}
-                          onClick={() => setSysHistoryOpen(true)}
-                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setSysHistoryOpen(true))}
-                        >
-                          <AreaChartOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.systemHistoryTitle')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space
-                          className="action"
-                          key="xray-metrics"
-                          role="button"
-                          tabIndex={0}
-                          aria-label={t('pages.index.xrayMetricsTitle')}
-                          onClick={() => setXrayMetricsOpen(true)}
-                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setXrayMetricsOpen(true))}
-                        >
-                          <AreaChartOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.xrayMetricsTitle')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                      ]}
+                    <VitalTile
+                      icon={<HddOutlined />}
+                      label={t('pages.index.storage')}
+                      percent={status.disk.percent}
+                      statusColor={status.disk.color}
+                      detail={`${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.disk.current)} / ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(totalDisk)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.free')} ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(freeDisk)}`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.diskUsage).toFixed(1)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.diskUsage}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
                     />
-                  </Col>
+                  </div>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.operationHours')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="Xray"
-                            value={TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.appStats.uptime)}
-                            prefix={<ThunderboltOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="OS"
-                            value={TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.uptime)}
-                            prefix={<DesktopOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
+                  <div className="ov-mid">
+                    <ThroughputCard
+                      status={status}
+                      up={history.series.netUp}
+                      down={history.series.netDown}
+                      labels={history.labels}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
+                    />
+                    <ConnectionsCard
+                      status={status}
+                      tcp={history.series.tcpCount}
+                      udp={history.series.udpCount}
+                      labels={history.labels}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
+                    />
+                  </div>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('usage')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.memory')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.appStats.mem)}
-                            prefix={<DatabaseOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.threads')}
-                            value={status.appStats.threads}
-                            prefix={<ForkOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.overallSpeed')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.upload')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netIO.up)}
-                            prefix={<ArrowUpOutlined />}
-                            suffix="/s"
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.download')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netIO.down)}
-                            prefix={<ArrowDownOutlined />}
-                            suffix="/s"
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.totalData')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.sent')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.sent)}
-                            prefix={<CloudUploadOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.received')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.recv)}
-                            prefix={<CloudDownloadOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card
-                      title={t('pages.index.ipAddresses')}
-                      hoverable
-                      extra={
-                        <Tooltip
-                          title={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
-                          placement={isMobile ? 'topRight' : 'top'}
-                        >
-                          {showIp ? (
-                            <EyeOutlined
-                              className="ip-toggle-icon"
-                              role="button"
-                              tabIndex={0}
-                              aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
-                              onClick={() => setShowIp(false)}
-                              onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setShowIp(false))}
-                            />
-                          ) : (
-                            <EyeInvisibleOutlined
-                              className="ip-toggle-icon"
-                              role="button"
-                              tabIndex={0}
-                              aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
-                              onClick={() => setShowIp(true)}
-                              onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setShowIp(true))}
-                            />
-                          )}
-                        </Tooltip>
-                      }
-                    >
-                      <Row className={showIp ? 'ip-visible' : 'ip-hidden'} gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={isMobile ? 24 : 12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="IPv4"
-                            value={status.publicIP.ipv4}
-                            prefix={<GlobalOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={isMobile ? 24 : 12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="IPv6"
-                            value={status.publicIP.ipv6}
-                            prefix={<GlobalOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.connectionCount')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="TCP"
-                            value={status.tcpCount}
-                            prefix={<SwapOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="UDP"
-                            value={status.udpCount}
-                            prefix={<SwapOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-                </Row>
+                  <SystemStrip
+                    status={status}
+                    showIp={showIp}
+                    onToggleIp={() => setShowIp((v) => !v)}
+                  />
+                </div>
               )}
             </Spin>
           </Layout.Content>

frontend/src/pages/index/OverviewActionBar.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+import { Fragment } from 'react';
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Button, Tag, Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import {
+  ArrowUpOutlined,
+  AreaChartOutlined,
+  BarsOutlined,
+  CloudDownloadOutlined,
+  CloudServerOutlined,
+  ControlOutlined,
+  FileTextOutlined,
+  PoweroffOutlined,
+  ReloadOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { formatPanelVersion } from '@/lib/panel-version';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+interface OverviewActionBarProps {
+  status: Status;
+  isMobile: boolean;
+  accessLogEnable: boolean;
+  panelVersion: string;
+  latestVersion: string;
+  updateAvailable: boolean;
+  onStopXray: () => void;
+  onRestartXray: () => void;
+  onOpenLogs: () => void;
+  onOpenXrayLogs: () => void;
+  onOpenConfig: () => void;
+  onOpenBackup: () => void;
+  onOpenSystemHistory: () => void;
+  onOpenXrayMetrics: () => void;
+  onOpenPanelUpdate: () => void;
+  onOpenVersionSwitch: () => void;
+}
+
+interface BarAction {
+  key: string;
+  icon: ReactNode;
+  text: string;
+  onClick: () => void;
+  primary?: boolean;
+}
+
+const XRAY_STATE_KEYS: Record<string, string> = {
+  running: 'pages.index.xrayStatusRunning',
+  stop: 'pages.index.xrayStatusStop',
+  error: 'pages.index.xrayStatusError',
+};
+
+export default function OverviewActionBar({
+  status,
+  isMobile,
+  accessLogEnable,
+  panelVersion,
+  latestVersion,
+  updateAvailable,
+  onStopXray,
+  onRestartXray,
+  onOpenLogs,
+  onOpenXrayLogs,
+  onOpenConfig,
+  onOpenBackup,
+  onOpenSystemHistory,
+  onOpenXrayMetrics,
+  onOpenPanelUpdate,
+  onOpenVersionSwitch,
+}: OverviewActionBarProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const stateText = t(XRAY_STATE_KEYS[status.xray.state] ?? 'pages.index.xrayStatusUnknown');
+  const hasVersion = !!status.xray.version && status.xray.version !== 'Unknown';
+  const size = isMobile ? ('small' as const) : ('middle' as const);
+
+  const actionGroups: BarAction[][] = [
+    [
+      { key: 'restart', icon: <ReloadOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.restartXray'), onClick: onRestartXray, primary: true },
+      { key: 'stop', icon: <PoweroffOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.stopXray'), onClick: onStopXray },
+    ],
+    [
+      { key: 'logs', icon: <BarsOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.logs'), onClick: onOpenLogs },
+      ...(accessLogEnable
+        ? [{ key: 'accessLogs', icon: <FileTextOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.accessLogs'), onClick: onOpenXrayLogs }]
+        : []),
+      { key: 'config', icon: <ControlOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.config'), onClick: onOpenConfig },
+      { key: 'backup', icon: <CloudServerOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.backupTitle'), onClick: onOpenBackup },
+    ],
+    [
+      { key: 'history', icon: <AreaChartOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.systemHistoryTitle'), onClick: onOpenSystemHistory },
+      { key: 'metrics', icon: <ArrowUpOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.xrayMetricsTitle'), onClick: onOpenXrayMetrics },
+    ],
+  ];
+
+  const statePill = (
+    <span className="ov-state" data-state={status.xray.state}>
+      <span className="ov-state-dot" style={{ color: status.xray.color }} />
+      <span>{`${t('pages.index.xrayStatus')} · ${stateText}`}</span>
+      {hasVersion && (
+        <Tooltip title={t('pages.index.xraySwitch')}>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            className="ov-state-version"
+            onClick={onOpenVersionSwitch}
+          >
+            {`v${status.xray.version}`}
+          </button>
+        </Tooltip>
+      )}
+    </span>
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <div className="ov-bar">
+      {status.xray.state === 'error' && status.xray.errorMsg ? (
+        <Tooltip title={<span className="ov-error-detail">{status.xray.errorMsg}</span>}>
+          {statePill}
+        </Tooltip>
+      ) : (
+        statePill
+      )}
+
+      {updateAvailable ? (
+        <Tag
+          className="ov-update-tag"
+          color="warning"
+          icon={<CloudDownloadOutlined />}
+          onClick={onOpenPanelUpdate}
+        >
+          {`${t('update')} ${formatPanelVersion(latestVersion)}`}
+        </Tag>
+      ) : (
+        <Tooltip title={t('pages.index.updatePanel')}>
+          <button type="button" className="ov-panel-version ov-mono" onClick={onOpenPanelUpdate}>
+            {formatPanelVersion(panelVersion)}
+          </button>
+        </Tooltip>
+      )}
+
+      <div className="ov-bar-actions">
+        {actionGroups.map((group, groupIndex) => (
+          <Fragment key={group[0].key}>
+            {groupIndex > 0 && <span className="ov-bar-sep" />}
+            {group.map((action) => (
+              <Button
+                key={action.key}
+                type={action.primary ? undefined : 'text'}
+                color={action.primary ? 'primary' : undefined}
+                variant={action.primary ? 'outlined' : undefined}
+                size={size}
+                icon={action.icon}
+                aria-label={action.text}
+                onClick={action.onClick}
+              >
+                {isMobile ? undefined : action.text}
+              </Button>
+            ))}
+          </Fragment>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/StatusCard.css

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-.status-card .text-center {
-  text-align: center;
-}
-
-.status-card .ant-progress-text,
-.status-card .ant-progress-indicator {
-  font-size: 12px !important;
-  font-weight: 500;
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/StatusCard.tsx

@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
-import { Card, Col, Progress, Row, Tooltip } from 'antd';
-import { AreaChartOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
-
-import { CPUFormatter, SizeFormatter } from '@/utils';
-import { useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
-import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
-import './StatusCard.css';
-
-interface StatusCardProps {
-  status: Status;
-  isMobile: boolean;
-}
-
-export default function StatusCard({ status, isMobile }: StatusCardProps) {
-  const { t } = useTranslation();
-  const { isDark, isUltra } = useTheme();
-  const gaugeSize = isMobile ? 60 : 90;
-  const strokeWidth = isMobile ? 7 : 5;
-  const railColor = isDark
-    ? isUltra ? 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1)' : 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16)'
-    : 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08)';
-
-  return (
-    <Card hoverable className="status-card">
-      <Row gutter={[0, isMobile ? 16 : 0]}>
-        <Col xs={24} md={12}>
-          <Row>
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.cpu.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.cpu.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.cpu')}:</b> {CPUFormatter.cpuCoreFormat(status.cpuCores)}
-                <Tooltip
-                  title={
-                    <>
-                      <div>
-                        <b>{t('pages.index.logicalProcessors')}:</b> {status.logicalPro}
-                      </div>
-                      <div>
-                        <b>{t('pages.index.frequency')}:</b>{' '}
-                        {CPUFormatter.cpuSpeedFormat(status.cpuSpeedMhz)}
-                      </div>
-                    </>
-                  }
-                >
-                  <AreaChartOutlined />
-                </Tooltip>
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.mem.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.mem.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.memory')}:</b> {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.current)} /{' '}
-                {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.total)}
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-          </Row>
-        </Col>
-
-        <Col xs={24} md={12}>
-          <Row>
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.swap.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.swap.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.swap')}:</b> {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.current)} /{' '}
-                {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.total)}
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.disk.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.disk.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.storage')}:</b> {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.disk.current)} /{' '}
-                {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.disk.total)}
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-          </Row>
-        </Col>
-      </Row>
-    </Card>
-  );
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/SystemStrip.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Card, Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import {
+  ClockCircleOutlined,
+  DatabaseOutlined,
+  EyeInvisibleOutlined,
+  EyeOutlined,
+  GlobalOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { SizeFormatter, TimeFormatter } from '@/utils';
+import { activateOnKey } from '@/utils/a11y';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+interface SystemStripProps {
+  status: Status;
+  showIp: boolean;
+  onToggleIp: () => void;
+}
+
+export default function SystemStrip({ status, showIp, onToggleIp }: SystemStripProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-strip-grid">
+        <div className="ov-strip-cell">
+          <div className="ov-kicker ov-kicker-icon">
+            <ClockCircleOutlined />
+            {t('pages.index.uptime')}
+          </div>
+          <div className="ov-strip-split">
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">Xray</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.appStats.uptime)}</div>
+            </div>
+            <span className="ov-strip-split-sep" />
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">OS</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.uptime)}</div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="ov-strip-cell">
+          <div className="ov-kicker ov-kicker-icon">
+            <DatabaseOutlined />
+            {t('pages.index.panel')}
+          </div>
+          <div className="ov-strip-split">
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">{t('pages.index.memory')}</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.appStats.mem)}</div>
+            </div>
+            <span className="ov-strip-split-sep" />
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">{t('pages.index.threads')}</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{status.appStats.threads}</div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="ov-strip-cell">
+          <div className="ov-kicker ov-kicker-icon">
+            <GlobalOutlined />
+            {t('pages.index.ipAddresses')}
+            <Tooltip title={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}>
+              {showIp ? (
+                <EyeOutlined
+                  className="ip-toggle-icon"
+                  role="button"
+                  tabIndex={0}
+                  aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
+                  onClick={onToggleIp}
+                  onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onToggleIp)}
+                />
+              ) : (
+                <EyeInvisibleOutlined
+                  className="ip-toggle-icon"
+                  role="button"
+                  tabIndex={0}
+                  aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
+                  onClick={onToggleIp}
+                  onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onToggleIp)}
+                />
+              )}
+            </Tooltip>
+          </div>
+          <div className={`ov-ip${showIp ? '' : ' ip-hidden'}`}>
+            <div className="ov-mono">{status.publicIP.ipv4}</div>
+            <div className="ov-mono ov-ip-v6">{status.publicIP.ipv6}</div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/ThroughputCard.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Card, theme } from 'antd';
+import { ArrowDownOutlined, ArrowUpOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { SizeFormatter } from '@/utils';
+import { Sparkline } from '@/components/viz';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+import { mean, peak } from './useOverviewHistory';
+
+interface ThroughputCardProps {
+  status: Status;
+  up: number[];
+  down: number[];
+  labels: string[];
+  isMobile: boolean;
+}
+
+export default function ThroughputCard({ status, up, down, labels, isMobile }: ThroughputCardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { token } = theme.useToken();
+  const accent = token.colorPrimary;
+  const downColor = token.colorTextTertiary;
+
+  const referenceLines = useMemo(
+    () => [
+      { y: status.netIO.down, color: downColor, dash: '2 4' },
+      { y: status.netIO.up, color: accent, dash: '2 4' },
+    ],
+    [status.netIO.up, status.netIO.down, accent, downColor],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-wide-head">
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.overallSpeed')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-sub">
+            {`${t('pages.index.throughputSub')} · ${t('pages.index.peak')} ${SizeFormatter.speedFormat(peak(down))}`}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div className="ov-wide-legend">
+          <div className="ov-legend-label">
+            <ArrowUpOutlined style={{ color: accent }} />
+            {t('pages.index.upload')}
+            <span className="ov-legend-num">{SizeFormatter.speedFormat(status.netIO.up)}</span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="ov-legend-label">
+            <ArrowDownOutlined style={{ color: downColor }} />
+            {t('pages.index.download')}
+            <span className="ov-legend-num">{SizeFormatter.speedFormat(status.netIO.down)}</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-wide-chart">
+        <Sparkline
+          data={up}
+          data2={down}
+          labels={labels}
+          height={isMobile ? 140 : 186}
+          strokeWidth={1.75}
+          fillOpacity={0.24}
+          showTooltip
+          showLegend={false}
+          valueMax={null}
+          stroke={accent}
+          stroke2={downColor}
+          name1={t('pages.index.upload')}
+          name2={t('pages.index.download')}
+          yFormatter={SizeFormatter.speedFormat}
+          referenceLines={referenceLines}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-wide-foot">
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.sent')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-foot-value">{SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.sent)}</div>
+        </div>
+        <span className="ov-foot-sep" />
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.received')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-foot-value">{SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.recv)}</div>
+        </div>
+        <span className="ov-foot-sep" />
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.avgWindow')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-foot-value">
+            <span className="ov-foot-part">{`↑ ${SizeFormatter.speedFormat(mean(up))}`}</span>{' '}
+            <span className="ov-foot-part">{`↓ ${SizeFormatter.speedFormat(mean(down))}`}</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/VitalTile.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { Card, theme } from 'antd';
+
+import { Sparkline } from '@/components/viz';
+import { mean, peak } from './useOverviewHistory';
+
+interface VitalTileProps {
+  icon: ReactNode;
+  label: string;
+  percent: number;
+  statusColor: string;
+  detail: string;
+  footLeft: string;
+  footRight: string;
+  data: number[];
+  isMobile: boolean;
+}
+
+export default function VitalTile({
+  icon,
+  label,
+  percent,
+  statusColor,
+  detail,
+  footLeft,
+  footRight,
+  data,
+  isMobile,
+}: VitalTileProps) {
+  const { token } = theme.useToken();
+  const meanColor = token.colorTextTertiary;
+
+  const referenceLines = useMemo(
+    () => (data.length > 1 ? [{ y: mean(data), dash: '3 4', color: meanColor }] : []),
+    [data, meanColor],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable className="ov-tile" styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-tile-head">
+        <span className="ov-tile-icon">{icon}</span>
+        <span className="ov-kicker">{label}</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-value">
+        <span className="ov-tile-number">{percent.toFixed(1)}</span>
+        <span className="ov-tile-unit">%</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-detail">{detail}</div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-foot">
+        <span>{footLeft}</span>
+        <span>{footRight}</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-chart">
+        <Sparkline
+          data={data}
+          height={isMobile ? 48 : 62}
+          strokeWidth={1.5}
+          fillOpacity={0.3}
+          showGrid={false}
+          showMarker={false}
+          valueMax={peak(data) > 0 ? null : 100}
+          stroke={statusColor}
+          referenceLines={referenceLines}
+          yFormatter={(v) => `${v.toFixed(0)}%`}
+          name1={label}
+        />
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/XrayStatusCard.css

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-.xray-status-card .action {
-  cursor: pointer;
-  justify-content: center;
-}
-
-.error-line {
-  display: block;
-  max-width: 400px;
-  white-space: pre-wrap;
-}
-
-.cursor-pointer {
-  cursor: pointer;
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/XrayStatusCard.tsx

@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
-import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
-import { Badge, Card, Col, Popover, Row, Space, Tag } from 'antd';
-import {
-  BarsOutlined,
-  PoweroffOutlined,
-  ReloadOutlined,
-  ToolOutlined,
-} from '@ant-design/icons';
-
-import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
-import { activateOnKey } from '@/utils/a11y';
-import './XrayStatusCard.css';
-
-interface XrayStatusCardProps {
-  status: Status;
-  isMobile: boolean;
-  accessLogEnable: boolean;
-  onStopXray: () => void;
-  onRestartXray: () => void;
-  onOpenLogs: () => void;
-  onOpenXrayLogs: () => void;
-  onOpenVersionSwitch: () => void;
-}
-
-const XRAY_STATE_KEYS: Record<string, string> = {
-  running: 'pages.index.xrayStatusRunning',
-  stop: 'pages.index.xrayStatusStop',
-  error: 'pages.index.xrayStatusError',
-};
-
-export default function XrayStatusCard({
-  status,
-  isMobile,
-  accessLogEnable,
-  onStopXray,
-  onRestartXray,
-  onOpenLogs,
-  onOpenXrayLogs,
-  onOpenVersionSwitch,
-}: XrayStatusCardProps) {
-  const { t } = useTranslation();
-
-  const stateText = t(XRAY_STATE_KEYS[status.xray.state] ?? 'pages.index.xrayStatusUnknown');
-
-  const title = (
-    <Space>
-      <span>{t('pages.index.xrayStatus')}</span>
-      {isMobile && status.xray.version && status.xray.version !== 'Unknown' && (
-        <Tag color="green">v{status.xray.version}</Tag>
-      )}
-    </Space>
-  );
-
-  const errorLines = useMemo(
-    () => (status.xray.errorMsg || '').split('\n'),
-    [status.xray.errorMsg],
-  );
-
-  const extra =
-    status.xray.state !== 'error' ? (
-      <Badge status="processing" text={stateText} color={status.xray.color} />
-    ) : (
-      <Popover
-        title={
-          <Row align="middle" justify="space-between">
-            <Col>
-              <span>{t('pages.index.xrayStatusError')}</span>
-            </Col>
-            <Col>
-              <BarsOutlined className="cursor-pointer" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.logs')} onClick={onOpenLogs} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onOpenLogs)} />
-            </Col>
-          </Row>
-        }
-        content={
-          <>
-            {errorLines.map((line, i) => (
-              <span key={i} className="error-line">
-                {line}
-              </span>
-            ))}
-          </>
-        }
-      >
-        <Badge status="processing" text={stateText} color={status.xray.color} />
-      </Popover>
-    );
-
-  const actions = [
-    // the xray log viewer reads the access log file, so the button only makes
-    // sense when one is configured (unlike IP limit, which no longer needs it)
-    ...(accessLogEnable
-      ? [
-          <Space className="action" key="xraylogs" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.accessLogs')} onClick={onOpenXrayLogs} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onOpenXrayLogs)}>
-            <BarsOutlined />
-            {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.accessLogs')}</span>}
-          </Space>,
-        ]
-      : []),
-    <Space className="action" key="stop" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.stopXray')} onClick={onStopXray} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onStopXray)}>
-      <PoweroffOutlined />
-      {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.stopXray')}</span>}
-    </Space>,
-    <Space className="action" key="restart" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.restartXray')} onClick={onRestartXray} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onRestartXray)}>
-      <ReloadOutlined />
-      {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.restartXray')}</span>}
-    </Space>,
-    <Space className="action" key="switch" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.xraySwitch')} onClick={onOpenVersionSwitch} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onOpenVersionSwitch)}>
-      <ToolOutlined />
-      {!isMobile && (
-        <span>
-          {status.xray.version && status.xray.version !== 'Unknown'
-            ? `v${status.xray.version}`
-            : t('pages.index.xraySwitch')}
-        </span>
-      )}
-    </Space>,
-  ];
-
-  return (
-    <Card hoverable title={title} extra={extra} actions={actions} className="xray-status-card" />
-  );
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/useOverviewHistory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+
+import { HttpUtil, TimeFormatter } from '@/utils';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+const OVERVIEW_WINDOW = 72;
+const SEED_BUCKET_SECONDS = 2;
+
+const SERIES_KEYS = ['cpu', 'mem', 'swap', 'diskUsage', 'netUp', 'netDown', 'tcpCount', 'udpCount'] as const;
+
+export type OverviewSeriesKey = (typeof SERIES_KEYS)[number];
+
+export interface OverviewHistory {
+  series: Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]>;
+  labels: string[];
+}
+
+interface HistoryPoint {
+  t: number;
+  v: number;
+}
+
+interface HistoryWindow {
+  series: Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]>;
+  times: number[];
+}
+
+function emptySeries(): Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]> {
+  return Object.fromEntries(SERIES_KEYS.map((key) => [key, [] as number[]])) as Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]>;
+}
+
+function emptyWindow(): HistoryWindow {
+  return { series: emptySeries(), times: [] };
+}
+
+function sampleOf(status: Status): Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number> {
+  return {
+    cpu: status.cpu.percent,
+    mem: status.mem.percent,
+    swap: status.swap.percent,
+    diskUsage: status.disk.percent,
+    netUp: status.netIO.up,
+    netDown: status.netIO.down,
+    tcpCount: status.tcpCount,
+    udpCount: status.udpCount,
+  };
+}
+
+function tailWindow<T>(values: T[]): T[] {
+  return values.slice(-OVERVIEW_WINDOW);
+}
+
+export function mean(values: number[]): number {
+  if (values.length === 0) return 0;
+  let total = 0;
+  for (const v of values) total += v;
+  return total / values.length;
+}
+
+export function peak(values: number[]): number {
+  let max = 0;
+  for (const v of values) if (v > max) max = v;
+  return max;
+}
+
+/* the seed bucket must be in the backend's allowedHistoryBuckets whitelist;
+   2s is the smallest and matches the status poll cadence */
+export function useOverviewHistory(status: Status, hasData: boolean): OverviewHistory {
+  const [trend, setTrend] = useState<HistoryWindow>(emptyWindow);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+
+    const seed = async () => {
+      const responses = new Map<OverviewSeriesKey, HistoryPoint[]>();
+      await Promise.all(
+        SERIES_KEYS.map(async (key) => {
+          const msg = await HttpUtil.get<HistoryPoint[]>(
+            `/panel/api/server/history/${key}/${SEED_BUCKET_SECONDS}`,
+            undefined,
+            { silent: true },
+          );
+          if (msg?.success && Array.isArray(msg.obj)) responses.set(key, msg.obj);
+        }),
+      );
+      if (cancelled || responses.size === 0) return;
+
+      let axis: HistoryPoint[] = [];
+      for (const points of responses.values()) {
+        if (points.length > axis.length) axis = points;
+      }
+      axis = tailWindow(axis);
+      if (axis.length === 0) return;
+
+      const seedTimes = axis.map((p) => Number(p.t) || 0);
+      const seedSeries = emptySeries();
+      for (const key of SERIES_KEYS) {
+        const byTs = new Map<number, number>();
+        for (const p of responses.get(key) ?? []) byTs.set(Number(p.t) || 0, Number(p.v) || 0);
+        seedSeries[key] = seedTimes.map((ts) => byTs.get(ts) ?? 0);
+      }
+
+      setTrend((prev) => {
+        const merged = emptyWindow();
+        merged.times = tailWindow(seedTimes.concat(prev.times));
+        for (const key of SERIES_KEYS) {
+          merged.series[key] = tailWindow(seedSeries[key].concat(prev.series[key]));
+        }
+        return merged;
+      });
+    };
+
+    seed().catch(() => undefined);
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!hasData) return;
+    setTrend((prev) => {
+      const point = sampleOf(status);
+      const next = emptyWindow();
+      next.times = tailWindow(prev.times.concat(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)));
+      for (const key of SERIES_KEYS) {
+        next.series[key] = tailWindow(prev.series[key].concat(point[key]));
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, [status, hasData]);
+
+  const labels = useMemo(() => trend.times.map(TimeFormatter.formatClock), [trend.times]);
+
+  return useMemo(() => ({ series: trend.series, labels }), [trend.series, labels]);
+}

frontend/src/pages/settings/EmailTab.tsx

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch, Tabs } from 'antd';
 import { MailOutlined, SendOutlined, SettingOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
-import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
+import { DefaultSettingTag, SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { EmailNotifications } from '@/components/ui/notifications/EmailNotifications';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from './catTabLabel';
@@ -62,9 +63,9 @@ export default function EmailTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: EmailTabProps) {
                 onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ smtpHost: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.smtpPort')} description={t('pages.settings.smtpPortDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.smtpPort')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="smtpPort" value={allSetting.smtpPort} />} description={t('pages.settings.smtpPortDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.smtpPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ smtpPort: Number(v) || 587 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ smtpPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.smtpUsername')} description={t('pages.settings.smtpUsernameDesc')}>

frontend/src/pages/settings/GeneralTab.tsx

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ import {
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
 import { HttpUtil, LanguageManager } from '@/utils';
-import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+import { DefaultSettingTag, SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from './catTabLabel';
 import { sanitizePath } from './uriPath';
@@ -168,18 +169,18 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
               <Input value={allSetting.webDomain} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ webDomain: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.panelPort')} description={t('pages.settings.panelPortDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.panelPort')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="webPort" value={allSetting.webPort} />} description={t('pages.settings.panelPortDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.webPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ webPort: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ webPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.panelUrlPath')} description={t('pages.settings.panelUrlPathDesc')}>
               <Input value={allSetting.webBasePath} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ webBasePath: sanitizePath(e.target.value) })} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAge')} description={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAgeDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAge')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="sessionMaxAge" value={allSetting.sessionMaxAge} />} description={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAgeDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.sessionMaxAge} min={60} max={525600} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ sessionMaxAge: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ sessionMaxAge: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem
@@ -206,9 +207,9 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
               />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.pageSize')} description={t('pages.settings.pageSizeDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.pageSize')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="pageSize" value={allSetting.pageSize} />} description={t('pages.settings.pageSizeDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.pageSize} min={0} max={1000} step={5} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ pageSize: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ pageSize: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.restartXrayOnClientDisable')} description={t('pages.settings.restartXrayOnClientDisableDesc')}>
@@ -232,13 +233,13 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
         label: catTabLabel(<BellOutlined />, t('pages.settings.notifications'), isMobile),
         children: (
           <>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiff')} description={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiffDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiff')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="expireDiff" value={allSetting.expireDiff} />} description={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiffDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.expireDiff} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ expireDiff: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ expireDiff: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.trafficDiff')} description={t('pages.settings.trafficDiffDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.trafficDiff')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="trafficDiff" value={allSetting.trafficDiff} />} description={t('pages.settings.trafficDiffDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.trafficDiff} min={0} max={100} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ trafficDiff: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ trafficDiff: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
           </>
         ),
@@ -306,9 +307,9 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.host')}>
               <Input value={allSetting.ldapHost} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ ldapHost: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.port')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.port')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapPort" value={allSetting.ldapPort} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapPort: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.useTls')}>
               <Switch checked={allSetting.ldapUseTLS} onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapUseTLS: v })} />
@@ -385,17 +386,17 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.autoDelete')}>
               <Switch checked={allSetting.ldapAutoDelete} onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapAutoDelete: v })} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultTotalGb')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultTotalGb')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapDefaultTotalGB" value={allSetting.ldapDefaultTotalGB} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapDefaultTotalGB} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultTotalGB: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultTotalGB: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultExpiryDays')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultExpiryDays')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapDefaultExpiryDays" value={allSetting.ldapDefaultExpiryDays} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapDefaultExpiryDays} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultExpiryDays: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultExpiryDays: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultIpLimit')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultIpLimit')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapDefaultLimitIP" value={allSetting.ldapDefaultLimitIP} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapDefaultLimitIP} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultLimitIP: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultLimitIP: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
           </>
         ),

frontend/src/pages/settings/SubscriptionFormatsTab.tsx

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
   SettingOutlined,
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { GoRegexInput } from '@/components/form';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
@@ -279,11 +280,11 @@ export default function SubscriptionFormatsTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: Su
               <div className="format-settings">
                 <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subFormats.concurrency')}>
                   <InputNumber value={muxObj.concurrency} min={-1} max={1024} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                    onChange={(v) => setMuxField('concurrency', Number(v) || 0)} />
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setMuxField('concurrency', v))} />
                 </SettingListItem>
                 <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subFormats.xudpConcurrency')}>
                   <InputNumber value={muxObj.xudpConcurrency} min={-1} max={1024} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                    onChange={(v) => setMuxField('xudpConcurrency', Number(v) || 0)} />
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setMuxField('xudpConcurrency', v))} />
                 </SettingListItem>
                 <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subFormats.xudpUdp443')}>
                   <Select

frontend/src/pages/settings/SubscriptionGeneralTab.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ import { BranchesOutlined, CompassOutlined, IdcardOutlined, InfoCircleOutlined,
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
-import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+import { DefaultSettingTag, SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { RemarkTemplateField } from '@/components/form';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from './catTabLabel';
@@ -55,9 +56,9 @@ export default function SubscriptionGeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: Su
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subDomain')} description={t('pages.settings.subDomainDesc')}>
               <Input value={allSetting.subDomain} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ subDomain: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subPort')} description={t('pages.settings.subPortDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subPort')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={allSetting.subPort} />} description={t('pages.settings.subPortDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.subPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ subPort: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ subPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subPath')} description={t('pages.settings.subPathDesc')}>
               <Input
@@ -93,10 +94,20 @@ export default function SubscriptionGeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: Su
                 maxLength={256}
               />
             </SettingListItem>
+            <SettingListItem
+              paddings="small"
+              title={t('pages.settings.subShowIdentityOnAllLinks')}
+              description={t('pages.settings.subShowIdentityOnAllLinksDesc')}
+            >
+              <Switch
+                checked={allSetting.subShowIdentityOnAllLinks}
+                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: v })}
+              />
+            </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subUpdates')} description={t('pages.settings.subUpdatesDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subUpdates')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subUpdates" value={allSetting.subUpdates} />} description={t('pages.settings.subUpdatesDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.subUpdates} min={0} max={525600} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ subUpdates: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ subUpdates: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
           </>
         ),

frontend/src/pages/settings/TelegramTab.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Alert, Button, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch, Tabs } from '
 import { BellOutlined, SendOutlined, SettingOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import { LanguageManager } from '@/utils';
 import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { TelegramNotifications } from '@/components/ui/notifications/TelegramNotifications';
@@ -122,9 +123,10 @@ function NotifyTimeField({ value, onChange }: { value: string; onChange: (v: str
         <Space.Compact style={{ width: '100%' }}>
           <InputNumber
             min={1}
+            precision={0}
             style={{ width: '50%' }}
             value={state.num}
-            onChange={(v) => update({ num: Math.max(1, Number(v) || 1) })}
+            onChange={onNumber((v) => update({ num: Math.max(1, v) }))}
             aria-label={t('pages.settings.notifyTime.interval')}
           />
           <Select<Unit>

frontend/src/pages/xray/balancers/ObservatorySettingsTab.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Empty, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch, Tag } from 'antd';
 
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import {
   BurstObservatorySchema,
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ export default function ObservatorySettingsTab({
         <InputNumber
           min={1}
           value={burst.pingConfig.sampling}
-          onChange={(v) => patchPingConfig({ sampling: typeof v === 'number' ? v : burst.pingConfig.sampling })}
+          onChange={onNumber((v) => patchPingConfig({ sampling: v }))}
           style={{ width: '100%' }}
         />
       </SettingListItem>

frontend/src/pages/xray/basics/BasicsTab.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Input, InputNumber, Modal, Select, Space, Switch, Tabs } from 'antd';
 import {
@@ -216,10 +217,10 @@ export default function BasicsTab({
                     style={{ width: '100%' }}
                     value={directHappyEyeballs.tryDelayMs}
                     placeholder="150"
-                    onChange={(v) => setDirectHappyEyeballs({
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setDirectHappyEyeballs({
                       ...directHappyEyeballs,
-                      tryDelayMs: typeof v === 'number' ? v : 0,
-                    })}
+                      tryDelayMs: v,
+                    }))}
                   />
                 }
               />

frontend/src/pages/xray/dns/DnsTab.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Empty, Input, InputNumber, Modal, Select, Space, Switch, Table, Tabs } from 'antd';
 import {
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
   SettingOutlined,
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from '@/pages/settings/catTabLabel';
@@ -41,6 +42,23 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
 
   const dns = (templateSettings?.dns as DnsConfig | undefined) ?? null;
   const dnsEnabled = !!dns;
+  const sourceHosts = dns?.hosts;
+  const incomingHosts = JSON.stringify(sourceHosts ?? {});
+  const lastWrittenHostsRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!dnsEnabled) {
+      lastWrittenHostsRef.current = '{}';
+      setHostsList([]);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (incomingHosts === lastWrittenHostsRef.current) return;
+    lastWrittenHostsRef.current = incomingHosts;
+    setHostsList(Object.entries(sourceHosts ?? {}).map(([domain, values]) => ({
+      domain,
+      values: Array.isArray(values) ? [...values] : [String(values)],
+    })));
+  }, [dnsEnabled, incomingHosts, sourceHosts]);
 
   const mutate = useCallback(
     (mutator: (next: XraySettingsValue) => void) => {
@@ -78,32 +96,18 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
     });
   }
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!dns) {
-      setHostsList([]);
-      return;
-    }
-    const src = dns.hosts || {};
-    setHostsList(
-      Object.entries(src).map(([domain, val]) => ({
-        domain,
-        values: Array.isArray(val) ? [...val] : [String(val)],
-      })),
-    );
-    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
-  }, [dnsEnabled]);
-
   function syncHosts(next: HostRow[]) {
+    const obj: Record<string, string | string[]> = {};
+    for (const row of next) {
+      if (!row.domain) continue;
+      const vals = (row.values || []).filter(Boolean);
+      if (vals.length === 0) continue;
+      obj[row.domain] = vals.length === 1 ? vals[0] : vals;
+    }
+    lastWrittenHostsRef.current = JSON.stringify(obj);
     setHostsList(next);
     mutate((tt) => {
       if (!tt.dns) return;
-      const obj: Record<string, string | string[]> = {};
-      for (const row of next) {
-        if (!row.domain) continue;
-        const vals = (row.values || []).filter(Boolean);
-        if (vals.length === 0) continue;
-        obj[row.domain] = vals.length === 1 ? vals[0] : vals;
-      }
       if (Object.keys(obj).length > 0) {
         (tt.dns as DnsConfig).hosts = obj;
       } else if ('hosts' in (tt.dns as DnsConfig)) {
@@ -311,7 +315,7 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
                       min={0}
                       step={60}
                       style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                      onChange={(v) => setDnsField('serveExpiredTTL', Number(v) || 0)}
+                      onChange={onNumber((v) => setDnsField('serveExpiredTTL', v))}
                     />
                   }
                 />

frontend/src/pages/xray/dns/useDnsColumns.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { Button, Dropdown, Input, InputNumber, Space } from 'antd';
 import { MoreOutlined, EditOutlined, DeleteOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import type { ColumnsType } from 'antd/es/table';
 
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+
 import { addrFor, domainsFor, expectedIPsFor } from './helpers';
 import type { DnsServerValue } from './DnsServerModal';
 
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ export function useFakednsColumns({
             aria-label={t('pages.xray.fakedns.poolSize')}
             min={1}
             size="small"
-            onChange={(v) => updateFakednsField(index, 'poolSize', Number(v) || 0)}
+            onChange={onNumber((v) => updateFakednsField(index, 'poolSize', v))}
           />
         ),
       },

frontend/src/pages/xray/outbounds/OutboundsTab.tsx

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import {
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
 import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import PromptModal from '@/components/feedback/PromptModal';
 import TextModal from '@/components/feedback/TextModal';
 
@@ -626,14 +627,14 @@ export default function OutboundsTab({
                   <InputNumber
                     min={0}
                     value={intervalHours}
-                    onChange={(v) => setIntervalHM(Number(v) || 0, intervalMinutes)}
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setIntervalHM(v, intervalMinutes))}
                     style={{ width: 80 }}
                   /> {t('pages.xray.outboundSub.hours')}
                   <InputNumber
                     min={0}
                     max={59}
                     value={intervalMinutes}
-                    onChange={(v) => setIntervalHM(intervalHours, Number(v) || 0)}
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setIntervalHM(intervalHours, v))}
                     style={{ width: 80 }}
                   /> {t('pages.xray.outboundSub.minutes')}
                 </Space>

frontend/src/pages/xray/outbounds/transport/xhttp.tsx

@@ -240,11 +240,11 @@ export default function XhttpForm({ onXmuxToggle }: XhttpFormProps) {
           >
             <Select
               options={[
-                { value: '', label: 'Default (body)' },
+                { value: '', label: 'Default (auto)' },
+                { value: 'auto', label: 'auto' },
                 { value: 'body', label: 'body' },
                 { value: 'header', label: 'header' },
                 { value: 'cookie', label: 'cookie' },
-                { value: 'query', label: 'query' },
               ]}
             />
           </FormField>

frontend/src/schemas/client.ts

@@ -96,9 +96,15 @@ export const InboundOptionSchema = z.object({
 
 export const InboundOptionsSchema = z.array(InboundOptionSchema);
 
+// The *Count fields are exact; the email arrays stop at the server's cap and
+// only feed the hover popovers, so never derive a counter from their length.
 export const ClientsSummarySchema = z.object({
   total: z.number(),
   active: z.number(),
+  onlineCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
+  depletedCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
+  expiringCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
+  deactiveCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
   online: nullableStringArray,
   depleted: nullableStringArray,
   expiring: nullableStringArray,

frontend/src/schemas/forms/inbound-form.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ export const InboundDbFieldsSchema = z.object({
   down: z.number().int().min(0).default(0),
   total: z.number().int().min(0).default(0),
   trafficReset: TrafficResetSchema.default('never'),
+  trafficResetDay: z.number().int().min(1).max(31).default(1),
   lastTrafficResetTime: z.number().int().default(0),
   nodeId: z.number().int().nullable().optional(),
   shareAddrStrategy: ShareAddrStrategySchema.default('node'),

frontend/src/schemas/protocols/inbound/hysteria.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import { z } from 'zod';
 
-// Hysteria v1 inbound (legacy — upstream xray-core kept v1 support but the
-// panel defaults to v2). Each client supplies an `auth` token instead of a
-// UUID/password.
+// Hysteria inbound. Each client supplies an `auth` token instead of a
+// UUID/password. xray-core builds version 2 only — it answers anything else
+// with "version != 2" and rejects the entire config, so a legacy row is
+// coerced rather than carried through.
 export const HysteriaClientSchema = z.object({
   auth: z.string().min(1),
   email: z.string().min(1),
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ export const HysteriaClientSchema = z.object({
 export type HysteriaClient = z.infer<typeof HysteriaClientSchema>;
 
 export const HysteriaInboundSettingsSchema = z.object({
-  version: z.number().int().min(1).default(2),
+  version: z.preprocess(() => 2, z.literal(2)).default(2),
   clients: z.array(HysteriaClientSchema).default([]),
 });
 export type HysteriaInboundSettings = z.infer<typeof HysteriaInboundSettingsSchema>;

frontend/src/schemas/protocols/stream/xhttp.ts

@@ -31,12 +31,14 @@ export const XHttpXmuxSchema = z.object({
 export type XHttpXmux = z.infer<typeof XHttpXmuxSchema>;
 
 // Seed for freshly enabling XMUX on a config that had no xmux block:
-// mirrors xray-core v26.6.27's own anti-RKN maxConnections=6 fallback
-// rather than the concurrency strategy.
+// mirrors xray-core's own maxConnections fallback rather than the
+// concurrency strategy. v26.7.28 lowered that fallback from 6 to 3 for
+// anti-TSPU, so track it here to keep a fresh panel config matching what
+// the core would have picked on its own.
 export const XMUX_FRESH_DEFAULTS: XHttpXmux = {
   ...XHttpXmuxSchema.parse({}),
   maxConcurrency: '',
-  maxConnections: 6,
+  maxConnections: 3,
 };
 
 // Predefined sessionIDTable names xray-core accepts as a shorthand for a

frontend/src/schemas/setting.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export const AllSettingSchema = z.object({
   expireDiff: nonNegativeInt.optional(),
   trafficDiff: nonNegativeInt.max(100).optional(),
   remarkTemplate: z.string().optional(),
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: z.boolean().optional(),
   datepicker: z.enum(['gregorian', 'jalalian']).optional(),
   tgBotEnable: z.boolean().optional(),
   tgBotToken: z.string().optional(),
@@ -102,3 +103,7 @@ export const AllSettingSchema = z.object({
 }).loose();
 
 export type AllSettingInput = z.infer<typeof AllSettingSchema>;
+
+export const FactoryDefaultsSchema = z.record(z.string(), z.string());
+
+export type FactoryDefaults = z.infer<typeof FactoryDefaultsSchema>;

frontend/src/test/__snapshots__/finalmask.test.ts.snap

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ exports[`FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema fixtures > parses combined byte-stably 1`
   "tcp": [
     {
       "settings": {
+        "length": "10-20",
         "packets": "1-3",
       },
       "type": "fragment",
@@ -145,9 +146,7 @@ exports[`FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema fixtures > parses tcp-mask byte-stably 1`
           [
             {
               "delay": 0,
-              "packet": [
-                "GET / HTTP/1.1",
-              ],
+              "packet": "GET / HTTP/1.1",
               "type": "str",
             },
           ],
@@ -157,9 +156,7 @@ exports[`FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema fixtures > parses tcp-mask byte-stably 1`
           [
             {
               "delay": 0,
-              "packet": [
-                "HTTP/1.1 200 OK",
-              ],
+              "packet": "HTTP/1.1 200 OK",
               "type": "str",
             },
           ],
@@ -171,8 +168,13 @@ exports[`FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema fixtures > parses tcp-mask byte-stably 1`
       "settings": {
         "hostname": "mc.example.com",
         "password": "s3cr3t",
-        "usernames": [
-          "Dream",
+        "profiles": [
+          {
+            "texturesSignature": "Zm9yLWZpeHR1cmUtdXNlLW9ubHktbm90LWEtcmVhbC1tb2phbmctc2lnbmF0dXJl",
+            "texturesValue": "eyJ0aW1lc3RhbXAiOjE3MDAwMDAwMDAwMDAsInByb2ZpbGVJZCI6ImVjNzBiY2FmNzAyZjRiYjhiNDhkMjc2ZmE1MmE3ODBjIn0=",
+            "username": "Dream",
+            "uuid": "ec70bcaf-702f-4bb8-b48d-276fa52a780c",
+          },
         ],
       },
       "type": "xmc",
@@ -219,13 +221,11 @@ exports[`FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema fixtures > parses udp-mask byte-stably 1`
           {
             "delay": "10-16",
             "rand": "10-20",
-            "type": "rand",
+            "type": "array",
           },
           {
             "delay": "5",
-            "packet": [
-              "ping",
-            ],
+            "packet": "ping",
             "type": "str",
           },
         ],

frontend/src/test/__snapshots__/inbound-full.test.ts.snap

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
-exports[`InboundSchema (full) fixtures > parses hysteria-v1-tls byte-stably 1`] = `
+exports[`InboundSchema (full) fixtures > parses hysteria-tls byte-stably 1`] = `
 {
   "down": 0,
   "enable": true,
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ exports[`InboundSchema (full) fixtures > parses hysteria-v1-tls byte-stably 1`]
   "listen": "",
   "port": 36715,
   "protocol": "hysteria",
-  "remark": "gina-hysteria-v1",
+  "remark": "gina-hysteria",
   "settings": {
     "clients": [
       {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ exports[`InboundSchema (full) fixtures > parses hysteria-v1-tls byte-stably 1`]
         "totalGB": 0,
       },
     ],
-    "version": 1,
+    "version": 2,
   },
   "shareAddr": "",
   "shareAddrStrategy": "node",
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ exports[`InboundSchema (full) fixtures > parses hysteria-v1-tls byte-stably 1`]
       },
     },
   },
-  "tag": "inbound-hysteria-v1",
+  "tag": "inbound-hysteria",
   "total": 0,
   "up": 0,
 }

frontend/src/test/__snapshots__/inbound-link.test.ts.snap

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // Vitest Snapshot v1, https://vitest.dev/guide/snapshot.html
 
-exports[`genHysteriaLink > hysteria-v1-tls: byte-stable 1`] = `"hysteria://hyst-v1-auth-XYZ@example.test:36715?security=tls&fp=chrome&alpn=h3&sni=hysteria.example.test#parity-test"`;
+exports[`genHysteriaLink > hysteria-tls: byte-stable 1`] = `"hysteria2://hyst-v1-auth-XYZ@example.test:36715?security=tls&fp=chrome&alpn=h3&sni=hysteria.example.test#parity-test"`;
 
-exports[`genInboundLinks orchestrator > hysteria-v1-tls: byte-stable 1`] = `"hysteria://hyst-v1-auth-XYZ@override.test:36715?security=tls&fp=chrome&alpn=h3&sni=hysteria.example.test#parity-test"`;
+exports[`genInboundLinks orchestrator > hysteria-tls: byte-stable 1`] = `"hysteria2://hyst-v1-auth-XYZ@override.test:36715?security=tls&fp=chrome&alpn=h3&sni=hysteria.example.test#parity-test"`;
 
 exports[`genInboundLinks orchestrator > shadowsocks-tcp-2022: byte-stable 1`] = `"ss://2022-blake3-aes-256-gcm:ZmFrZS1zZXJ2ZXItcGFzc3dvcmQtMDAwMQ%3D%3D:dGVzdC1jbGllbnQtcGFzc3dvcmQtMQ%3D%3D@override.test:8388?type=tcp#parity-test"`;
 

frontend/src/test/__snapshots__/protocols.test.ts.snap

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ exports[`InboundSettingsSchema fixtures > parses hysteria-basic byte-stably 1`]
         "totalGB": 0,
       },
     ],
-    "version": 1,
+    "version": 2,
   },
 }
 `;

frontend/src/test/__snapshots__/stream.test.ts.snap

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ exports[`NetworkSettingsSchema fixtures > parses xhttp-extra-padding byte-stably
     "xPaddingBytes": "500-1500",
     "xPaddingHeader": "X-Pad",
     "xPaddingKey": "secret-key",
-    "xPaddingMethod": "random",
+    "xPaddingMethod": "tokenish",
     "xPaddingObfsMode": true,
     "xPaddingPlacement": "header",
   },
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ exports[`NetworkSettingsSchema fixtures > parses xhttp-extra-placement byte-stab
     "enableXmux": false,
     "headers": {},
     "host": "edge.example.test",
-    "mode": "auto",
+    "mode": "packet-up",
     "noGRPCHeader": false,
     "noSSEHeader": false,
     "path": "/sp",
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ exports[`NetworkSettingsSchema fixtures > parses xhttp-extra-placement byte-stab
     "sessionIDTable": "",
     "uplinkChunkSize": 0,
     "uplinkDataKey": "u",
-    "uplinkDataPlacement": "query",
+    "uplinkDataPlacement": "cookie",
     "uplinkHTTPMethod": "",
     "xPaddingBytes": "100-1000",
     "xPaddingHeader": "",
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ exports[`NetworkSettingsSchema fixtures > parses xhttp-extra-tuning byte-stably
       "hMaxRequestTimes": "600-900",
       "hMaxReusableSecs": "1800-3000",
       "maxConcurrency": "16-32",
-      "maxConnections": 4,
+      "maxConnections": 0,
     },
   },
 }

frontend/src/test/app-sidebar.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import { fireEvent, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { MemoryRouter } from 'react-router';
+import { afterEach, expect, test, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import AppSidebar from '@/layouts/AppSidebar';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+vi.mock('@/api/queries/useAllSettings', () => ({
+  useAllSettings: () => ({ allSetting: {} }),
+}));
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  localStorage.clear();
+});
+
+function renderSidebar() {
+  return renderWithProviders(
+    <MemoryRouter>
+      <AppSidebar />
+    </MemoryRouter>,
+  );
+}
+
+test('keeps the sidebar expanded after pinning it from the header and restores the choice', () => {
+  const first = renderSidebar();
+  const sidebar = first.container.querySelector('.ant-layout-sider');
+  const sidebarRoot = first.container.querySelector('.ant-sidebar');
+
+  expect(sidebar?.classList.contains('ant-layout-sider-collapsed')).toBe(true);
+
+  fireEvent.mouseEnter(sidebarRoot!);
+
+  const pinButton = screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Pin sidebar' });
+  expect(pinButton.closest('.brand-actions')).not.toBeNull();
+
+  fireEvent.click(pinButton);
+  fireEvent.mouseLeave(sidebarRoot!);
+
+  expect(sidebar?.classList.contains('ant-layout-sider-collapsed')).toBe(false);
+  expect(sidebarRoot?.getAttribute('style')).toContain('--sider-rail: 220px');
+  expect(localStorage.getItem('sidebar-pinned')).toBe('true');
+
+  first.unmount();
+
+  const second = renderSidebar();
+  const restoredSidebar = second.container.querySelector('.ant-layout-sider');
+  const restoredSidebarRoot = second.container.querySelector('.ant-sidebar');
+
+  expect(restoredSidebar?.classList.contains('ant-layout-sider-collapsed')).toBe(false);
+  expect(restoredSidebarRoot?.getAttribute('style')).toContain('--sider-rail: 220px');
+  expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Pin sidebar' })).not.toBeNull();
+});
+
+test('returns to the compact rail after unpinning', () => {
+  const view = renderSidebar();
+  const sidebar = view.container.querySelector('.ant-layout-sider');
+  const sidebarRoot = view.container.querySelector('.ant-sidebar');
+
+  fireEvent.mouseEnter(sidebarRoot!);
+  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Pin sidebar' }));
+  fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Pin sidebar' }));
+  fireEvent.mouseLeave(sidebarRoot!);
+
+  expect(sidebar?.classList.contains('ant-layout-sider-collapsed')).toBe(true);
+  expect(sidebarRoot?.getAttribute('style')).toContain('--sider-rail: 72px');
+  expect(localStorage.getItem('sidebar-pinned')).toBe('false');
+});

frontend/src/test/clients-query-gating.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { renderHook, waitFor, act } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { useClients } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+import { makeTestQueryClient } from '@/test/test-utils';
+import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.restoreAllMocks();
+});
+
+const emptyPage = {
+  items: [],
+  total: 0,
+  filtered: 0,
+  page: 1,
+  pageSize: 25,
+  groups: [],
+  summary: {
+    total: 0,
+    active: 0,
+    onlineCount: 0,
+    depletedCount: 0,
+    expiringCount: 0,
+    deactiveCount: 0,
+    online: [],
+    depleted: [],
+    expiring: [],
+    deactive: [],
+  },
+};
+
+function mockPanel(defaults: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const pagedUrls: string[] = [];
+  vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'get').mockImplementation(async (url: string) => {
+    if (url.includes('/clients/list/paged')) {
+      pagedUrls.push(url);
+      return new Msg(true, '', emptyPage);
+    }
+    if (url.includes('/inbounds/options')) return new Msg(true, '', []);
+    return new Msg(true, '', null);
+  });
+  vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url: string) => {
+    if (url.includes('/setting/defaultSettings')) return new Msg(true, '', defaults);
+    if (url.includes('/clients/onlines')) return new Msg(true, '', []);
+    return new Msg(true, '', null);
+  });
+  return pagedUrls;
+}
+
+function wrapperFor() {
+  const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+  return ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+    <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+  );
+}
+
+describe('useClients query gating', () => {
+  it('does not fetch the list until the page supplies a query', async () => {
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 25 });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    // The page has not called setQuery yet, so nothing should have gone out —
+    // this is what used to cost a thrown-away round trip on every page load.
+    expect(pagedUrls).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('issues exactly one request for a page load that settles on one query', async () => {
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 50 });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setQuery({ page: 1, pageSize: 50, sort: 'createdAt', order: 'ascend' });
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    expect(pagedUrls).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(pagedUrls[0]).toContain('pageSize=50');
+    expect(pagedUrls[0]).toContain('sort=createdAt');
+  });
+
+  it('fetches as soon as a query arrives, without waiting for the settings', async () => {
+    // The page remembers the previous visit's page size in localStorage, so on a
+    // return visit it can supply a query on the first render. The hook must not
+    // hold that back behind /setting/defaultSettings, or the two round trips
+    // serialise and the list lands ~160ms later than it needs to.
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 25 });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setQuery({ page: 1, pageSize: 25, sort: 'createdAt', order: 'ascend' });
+    });
+    await waitFor(() => expect(pagedUrls).toHaveLength(1));
+  });
+
+  it('reports settingsReady even when the settings request fails, so the page can still render', async () => {
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'get').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(true, '', emptyPage));
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(false, 'boom', null));
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+  });
+
+  it('skips the list, options and onlines queries for mutation-only callers', async () => {
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 25 });
+    const postSpy = vi.mocked(HttpUtil.post);
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients({ list: false }), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setQuery({ page: 1, pageSize: 25, sort: 'createdAt', order: 'ascend' });
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    expect(pagedUrls).toEqual([]);
+    // subSettings still needs defaultSettings; onlines must not be polled.
+    const posted = postSpy.mock.calls.map((c) => String(c[0]));
+    expect(posted.some((u) => u.includes('/setting/defaultSettings'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(posted.some((u) => u.includes('/clients/onlines'))).toBe(false);
+    expect(vi.mocked(HttpUtil.get).mock.calls.map((c) => String(c[0]))).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/clients-row-cells-memo.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { ClientInboundChips, ClientRowActions } from '@/pages/clients/RowCells';
+import type { InboundOption } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+
+const PROTOCOL_COLORS = { vless: 'blue', trojan: 'volcano' };
+
+// Counts how often the cell reads the inbound map, which happens once per chip
+// per render. A traffic push re-renders the row, so if the cell is not memoised
+// this climbs every five seconds for every visible row.
+function countingInboundMap(source: Record<number, InboundOption>) {
+  const reads = { count: 0 };
+  const proxy = new Proxy(source, {
+    get(target, key) {
+      if (typeof key === 'string' && /^\d+$/.test(key)) reads.count += 1;
+      return target[key as unknown as number];
+    },
+  });
+  return { proxy, reads };
+}
+
+const INBOUNDS: Record<number, InboundOption> = {
+  1: { id: 1, tag: 'in-vless', remark: 'DE', protocol: 'vless' },
+  2: { id: 2, tag: 'in-trojan', remark: 'NL', protocol: 'trojan' },
+};
+
+function Harness({ children }: { children: (bump: () => void) => React.ReactNode }) {
+  const [, setTick] = useState(0);
+  return <>{children(() => setTick((n) => n + 1))}</>;
+}
+
+describe('clients table row cells', () => {
+  it('does not re-render the inbound chips when the row re-renders with the same attachments', async () => {
+    const { proxy, reads } = countingInboundMap(INBOUNDS);
+    const ids = [1, 2];
+    let bump: () => void = () => {};
+
+    render(
+      <Harness>
+        {(doBump) => {
+          bump = doBump;
+          return (
+            <ClientInboundChips ids={ids} inboundsById={proxy} protocolColors={PROTOCOL_COLORS} chipLimit={1} />
+          );
+        }}
+      </Harness>,
+    );
+
+    const afterFirstRender = reads.count;
+    expect(afterFirstRender).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+    // Three simulated traffic pushes: the parent re-renders, the props do not change.
+    for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) bump();
+    await Promise.resolve();
+
+    expect(reads.count).toBe(afterFirstRender);
+  });
+
+  it('re-renders the chips when the attachments actually change', async () => {
+    const { proxy, reads } = countingInboundMap(INBOUNDS);
+
+    function Swapper() {
+      const [ids, setIds] = useState<number[]>([1]);
+      return (
+        <>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setIds([1, 2])}>swap</button>
+          <ClientInboundChips ids={ids} inboundsById={proxy} protocolColors={PROTOCOL_COLORS} chipLimit={1} />
+        </>
+      );
+    }
+    render(<Swapper />);
+    const before = reads.count;
+    await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'swap' }));
+    expect(reads.count).toBeGreaterThan(before);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the row actions wired to the right client across re-renders', async () => {
+    const onShowQr = vi.fn();
+    const onEdit = vi.fn();
+    const noop = vi.fn();
+    let bump: () => void = () => {};
+
+    render(
+      <Harness>
+        {(doBump) => {
+          bump = doBump;
+          return (
+            <ClientRowActions
+              email="alice@x"
+              onShowQr={onShowQr}
+              onShowInfo={noop}
+              onResetTraffic={noop}
+              onEdit={onEdit}
+              onDelete={noop}
+            />
+          );
+        }}
+      </Harness>,
+    );
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) bump();
+
+    // Queried by position rather than label: the suite loads the real en-US
+    // bundle, so the aria-labels are translated strings, not keys. Order is
+    // QR, info, reset traffic, edit, delete.
+    const buttons = screen.getAllByRole('button');
+    expect(buttons).toHaveLength(5);
+    await userEvent.click(buttons[0]);
+    await userEvent.click(buttons[3]);
+
+    expect(onShowQr).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith('alice@x');
+    expect(onEdit).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith('alice@x');
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/clients-summary.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
 
-import { computeClientsSummary } from '@/hooks/useClients';
-import type { ClientTraffic } from '@/schemas/client';
+import { computeClientsSummary, pickClientsSummary, sameSpeedMap, sameSummaryInputs } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+import type { ClientTraffic, ClientsSummary } from '@/schemas/client';
 
 // Parity with web/service/client.go buildClientsSummary: the same client must
 // land in the same bucket whether the count comes from the server (list fetch)
@@ -42,6 +42,24 @@ describe('computeClientsSummary', () => {
     expect(s.active).toBe(2); // online@x + offline@x
   });
 
+  it('reports a counter alongside every bucket list', () => {
+    const stats: Row[] = [
+      row({ email: 'online@x', enable: true }),
+      row({ email: 'disabled@x', enable: false }),
+      row({ email: 'exhausted@x', enable: true, total: 1 * GB, up: 1 * GB }),
+      row({ email: 'nearlimit@x', enable: true, total: 10 * GB, up: 9.9 * GB }),
+    ];
+    const s = computeClientsSummary(stats, new Set(['online@x']), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+
+    // The server caps its lists but never its counters; the live recompute has
+    // both, so the summary card reads the same either way.
+    expect(s.onlineCount).toBe(s.online.length);
+    expect(s.depletedCount).toBe(s.depleted.length);
+    expect(s.expiringCount).toBe(s.expiring.length);
+    expect(s.deactiveCount).toBe(s.deactive.length);
+    expect(s.active + s.depletedCount + s.expiringCount + s.deactiveCount).toBe(s.total);
+  });
+
   it('depleted wins over disabled and over online', () => {
     const stats: Row[] = [
       row({ email: 'a@x', enable: false, total: 1 * GB, up: 2 * GB }),
@@ -60,3 +78,65 @@ describe('computeClientsSummary', () => {
     expect(s.depleted).toEqual([]);
   });
 });
+
+describe('pickClientsSummary', () => {
+  const serverSummary: ClientsSummary = {
+    total: 67, active: 58,
+    onlineCount: 0, depletedCount: 4, expiringCount: 3, deactiveCount: 2,
+    online: [], depleted: [], expiring: [], deactive: [],
+  };
+
+  it('keeps the server summary when the snapshot is short of the server total (#6102)', () => {
+    const shortSnapshot: Row[] = Array.from({ length: 58 }, (_, i) => row({ email: `c${i}@x`, enable: true }));
+    const s = pickClientsSummary(serverSummary, shortSnapshot, new Set(), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+    expect(s).toEqual(serverSummary);
+  });
+
+  it('uses the live recompute when the snapshot covers every client', () => {
+    const fullSnapshot: Row[] = Array.from({ length: 67 }, (_, i) => row({ email: `c${i}@x`, enable: true }));
+    const s = pickClientsSummary(serverSummary, fullSnapshot, new Set(), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+    expect(s.total).toBe(67);
+    expect(s.active).toBe(67);
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to the server summary before the first WS snapshot arrives', () => {
+    const s = pickClientsSummary(serverSummary, [], new Set(), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+    expect(s).toEqual(serverSummary);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('websocket payload identity preservation', () => {
+  const speed = (up: number, down: number) => ({ up, down });
+
+  it('treats an unchanged speed map as unchanged', () => {
+    const a = { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'b@x': speed(3, 4) };
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'b@x': speed(3, 4) })).toBe(true);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2) })).toBe(false);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'b@x': speed(3, 5) })).toBe(false);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'c@x': speed(3, 4) })).toBe(false);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap({}, {})).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('compares exactly the fields the summary reads, and ignores lastOnline', () => {
+    const base: Row[] = [row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 })];
+
+    // lastOnline moves for every online client on every push and no counter
+    // depends on it, so it must not force a new snapshot.
+    const onlyLastOnlineMoved: Row[] = [
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99, lastOnline: 12345 }),
+    ];
+    expect(sameSummaryInputs(base, onlyLastOnlineMoved)).toBe(true);
+
+    for (const changed of [
+      row({ email: 'b@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 2, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 3, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 11, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 100 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99, enable: false }),
+    ]) {
+      expect(sameSummaryInputs(base, [changed])).toBe(false);
+    }
+    expect(sameSummaryInputs(base, [])).toBe(false);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/date-time-picker.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react';
+import dayjs from 'dayjs';
+import type { Dayjs } from 'dayjs';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import DateTimePicker from '@/components/form/DateTimePicker';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+function openPicker(): void {
+  const input = document.querySelector('.ant-picker input');
+  if (!input) throw new Error('picker input not rendered');
+  fireEvent.mouseDown(input);
+  fireEvent.click(input);
+}
+
+function clickDayCell(title: string): void {
+  const cell = document.querySelector(`.ant-picker-cell[title="${title}"] .ant-picker-cell-inner`);
+  if (!cell) throw new Error(`day cell ${title} not rendered`);
+  fireEvent.click(cell);
+}
+
+describe('DateTimePicker', () => {
+  it('commits a clicked calendar date without an OK press', () => {
+    const onChange = vi.fn<(next: Dayjs | null) => void>();
+    renderWithProviders(<DateTimePicker value={null} onChange={onChange} />);
+
+    openPicker();
+    const tomorrow = dayjs().add(1, 'day').format('YYYY-MM-DD');
+    clickDayCell(tomorrow);
+
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    const committed = onChange.mock.calls.at(-1)?.[0];
+    expect(committed?.format('YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss')).toBe(`${tomorrow} 00:00:00`);
+  });
+
+  it('renders no OK confirm button in the picker footer', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(<DateTimePicker value={null} onChange={vi.fn()} />);
+
+    openPicker();
+
+    expect(document.querySelector('.ant-picker-ok')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/default-setting-tag.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import { screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+import DefaultSettingTag, { matchesFactoryDefault } from '@/components/ui/DefaultSettingTag';
+import { makeTestQueryClient, renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+function clientWithDefaults(defaults: Record<string, string>) {
+  const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+  queryClient.setQueryData(keys.settings.factoryDefaults(), defaults);
+  return queryClient;
+}
+
+describe('matchesFactoryDefault', () => {
+  it('compares by value with type-aware coercion', () => {
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(2096, '2096')).toBe(true);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(8443, '2096')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(true, 'true')).toBe(true);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(false, 'true')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault('/sub/', '/sub/')).toBe(true);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault('/other/', '/sub/')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('never matches when the key has no shipped default', () => {
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(2096, undefined)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects blank or unparsable defaults instead of coercing them', () => {
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(0, '')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(0, '  ')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(0, 'none')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(false, '')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(false, 'no')).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('DefaultSettingTag', () => {
+  it('shows the tag when the current value equals the shipped default, however it got there', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={2096} />,
+      { queryClient: clientWithDefaults({ subPort: '2096' }) },
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.getByText('Default')).toBeDefined();
+  });
+
+  it('renders nothing when the value differs from the default', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={8443} />,
+      { queryClient: clientWithDefaults({ subPort: '2096' }) },
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Default')).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('renders nothing while defaults are unknown', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={2096} />,
+      { queryClient: makeTestQueryClient() },
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Default')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/dns-tab.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { fireEvent, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+
+import DnsTab from '@/pages/xray/dns/DnsTab';
+import type { SetTemplate, XraySettingsValue } from '@/hooks/useXraySetting';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+function withHosts(hosts: Record<string, string>): XraySettingsValue {
+  return {
+    dns: {
+      hosts,
+      servers: [],
+    },
+  } as unknown as XraySettingsValue;
+}
+
+describe('DnsTab', () => {
+  it('keeps an empty row after adding a host', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />;
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <Harness />,
+    );
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /Add Host$/ }));
+
+    expect(screen.getAllByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)')).toHaveLength(2);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps a row visible while its domain is incomplete', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />;
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(<Harness />);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)'), { target: { value: '' } });
+
+    expect((screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)') as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('');
+  });
+
+  it('shows hosts from an externally refreshed configuration', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return (
+        <>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setTemplateSettings(withHosts({ 'second.example': '2.2.2.2' }))}>
+            Refresh hosts
+          </button>
+          <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />
+        </>
+      );
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(<Harness />);
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    expect((screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)') as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('first.example');
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Refresh hosts' }));
+    expect((screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)') as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('second.example');
+  });
+
+  it('clears an incomplete host draft when DNS is disabled', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return (
+        <>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setTemplateSettings({})}>Disable DNS</button>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setTemplateSettings(withHosts({}))}>Enable DNS</button>
+          <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />
+        </>
+      );
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(<Harness />);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)'), { target: { value: '' } });
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Disable DNS' }));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Enable DNS' }));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+
+    expect(screen.queryByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/factory-defaults-contract.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { resolve } from 'node:path';
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { matchesFactoryDefault } from '@/components/ui/DefaultSettingTag';
+import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+
+/*
+ * Contract test between the three homes of a setting's default value: the Go
+ * defaultValueMap (authoritative, served by /setting/factoryDefaults), the
+ * frontend AllSetting class defaults (what the form shows when the API omits
+ * a value), and the tag's own comparison. If someone bumps a default on one
+ * side only, the Default tag would start calling a different value "Default"
+ * than the one the form displays — this test fails instead.
+ */
+
+function goDefaultLiterals(): Record<string, string> {
+  const source = readFileSync(
+    resolve(process.cwd(), '..', 'internal', 'web', 'service', 'setting.go'),
+    'utf8',
+  );
+  const start = source.indexOf('var defaultValueMap = map[string]string{');
+  const end = source.indexOf('\n}', start);
+  const block = source.slice(start, end);
+  const literals: Record<string, string> = {};
+  for (const match of block.matchAll(/"([A-Za-z0-9]+)":\s+"((?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"\s*,/g)) {
+    literals[match[1]] = JSON.parse(`"${match[2]}"`);
+  }
+  return literals;
+}
+
+describe('factory defaults contract', () => {
+  const goDefaults = goDefaultLiterals();
+  const frontend = new AllSetting() as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
+  const sharedKeys = Object.keys(goDefaults).filter((key) => {
+    const value = frontend[key];
+    return typeof value === 'number' || typeof value === 'boolean' || typeof value === 'string';
+  });
+
+  it('parses a plausible slice of the Go map', () => {
+    expect(goDefaults.webPort).toBe('2053');
+    expect(goDefaults.subPort).toBe('2096');
+    expect(sharedKeys.length).toBeGreaterThan(20);
+  });
+
+  it.each(sharedKeys)('frontend default for %s matches the shipped default', (key) => {
+    expect(
+      matchesFactoryDefault(frontend[key], goDefaults[key]),
+      `AllSetting.${key} = ${JSON.stringify(frontend[key])} vs defaultValueMap ${JSON.stringify(goDefaults[key])}`,
+    ).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/finalmask.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /// <reference types="vite/client" />
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 
-import { parseGeckoPacketSize } from '@/lib/xray/forms/transport/FinalMaskForm';
+import { migrateXmcSettings, parseGeckoPacketSize } from '@/lib/xray/forms/transport/FinalMaskForm';
 import { FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema } from '@/schemas/protocols/stream';
 
 const fixtures = import.meta.glob<unknown>(
@@ -26,6 +26,50 @@ describe('FinalMaskStreamSettingsSchema fixtures', () => {
   }
 });
 
+describe('migrateXmcSettings', () => {
+  it('carries legacy usernames into profile stubs and drops the dead key', () => {
+    const { next, changed } = migrateXmcSettings({
+      hostname: 'mc.example.com',
+      usernames: ['Dream', 'Notch'],
+      password: 'pw',
+    });
+
+    expect(changed).toBe(true);
+    expect(next.usernames).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(next.hostname).toBe('mc.example.com');
+    expect(next.password).toBe('pw');
+    expect(next.profiles).toEqual([
+      { username: 'Dream', uuid: '', texturesValue: '', texturesSignature: '' },
+      { username: 'Notch', uuid: '', texturesValue: '', texturesSignature: '' },
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it('gives a mask with neither key an empty profiles list', () => {
+    const { next, changed } = migrateXmcSettings({ hostname: '', password: 'pw' });
+
+    expect(changed).toBe(true);
+    expect(next.profiles).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('leaves an already migrated mask untouched', () => {
+    const profiles = [
+      { username: 'Notch', uuid: '069a79f4-44e9-4726-a5be-fca90e38aaf5', texturesValue: 'dmFsdWU=', texturesSignature: 'c2ln' },
+    ];
+    const { next, changed } = migrateXmcSettings({ hostname: '', password: 'pw', profiles });
+
+    expect(changed).toBe(false);
+    expect(next.profiles).toEqual(profiles);
+  });
+
+  it('discards blank legacy usernames rather than seeding unfixable stubs', () => {
+    const { next } = migrateXmcSettings({ usernames: ['Dream', '', '   '], password: 'pw' });
+
+    expect(next.profiles).toEqual([
+      { username: 'Dream', uuid: '', texturesValue: '', texturesSignature: '' },
+    ]);
+  });
+});
+
 describe('parseGeckoPacketSize', () => {
   it('accepts positive ordered packet size ranges', () => {
     expect(parseGeckoPacketSize('512-1200')).toEqual({ min: 512, max: 1200 });

frontend/src/test/general-tab.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fireEvent, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { MemoryRouter } from 'react-router';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+import GeneralTab from '@/pages/settings/GeneralTab';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+describe('GeneralTab', () => {
+  it('keeps the stored page size when the field is cleared', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings']}>
+        <GeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ pageSize: 25 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    const pageSizeInput = screen.getByDisplayValue('25');
+    fireEvent.change(pageSizeInput, { target: { value: '' } });
+    fireEvent.blur(pageSizeInput);
+
+    expect(updateSetting).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect((pageSizeInput as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('25');
+  });
+
+  it('forwards typed page sizes unchanged, zero included', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings']}>
+        <GeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ pageSize: 25 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByDisplayValue('25'), { target: { value: '0' } });
+
+    expect(updateSetting).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ pageSize: 0 });
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/finalmask/combined.json

@@ -1,15 +1,35 @@
 {
   "tcp": [
-    { "type": "fragment", "settings": { "packets": "1-3" } }
+    {
+      "type": "fragment",
+      "settings": {
+        "packets": "1-3",
+        "length": "10-20"
+      }
+    }
   ],
   "udp": [
-    { "type": "salamander", "settings": { "password": "swordfish" } },
-    { "type": "mkcp-legacy", "settings": { "header": "wireguard", "value": "" } }
+    {
+      "type": "salamander",
+      "settings": {
+        "password": "swordfish"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "mkcp-legacy",
+      "settings": {
+        "header": "wireguard",
+        "value": ""
+      }
+    }
   ],
   "quicParams": {
     "congestion": "brutal",
     "brutalUp": "100 mbps",
     "brutalDown": "200 mbps",
-    "udpHop": { "ports": "10000-20000", "interval": "5-10" }
+    "udpHop": {
+      "ports": "10000-20000",
+      "interval": "5-10"
+    }
   }
 }

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/finalmask/tcp-mask.json

@@ -9,18 +9,28 @@
         "maxSplit": "0"
       }
     },
-    { "type": "sudoku" },
+    {
+      "type": "sudoku"
+    },
     {
       "type": "header-custom",
       "settings": {
         "clients": [
           [
-            { "type": "str", "packet": ["GET / HTTP/1.1"], "delay": 0 }
+            {
+              "type": "str",
+              "packet": "GET / HTTP/1.1",
+              "delay": 0
+            }
           ]
         ],
         "servers": [
           [
-            { "type": "str", "packet": ["HTTP/1.1 200 OK"], "delay": 0 }
+            {
+              "type": "str",
+              "packet": "HTTP/1.1 200 OK",
+              "delay": 0
+            }
           ]
         ],
         "errors": []
@@ -30,8 +40,15 @@
       "type": "xmc",
       "settings": {
         "hostname": "mc.example.com",
-        "usernames": ["Dream"],
-        "password": "s3cr3t"
+        "password": "s3cr3t",
+        "profiles": [
+          {
+            "username": "Dream",
+            "uuid": "ec70bcaf-702f-4bb8-b48d-276fa52a780c",
+            "texturesValue": "eyJ0aW1lc3RhbXAiOjE3MDAwMDAwMDAwMDAsInByb2ZpbGVJZCI6ImVjNzBiY2FmNzAyZjRiYjhiNDhkMjc2ZmE1MmE3ODBjIn0=",
+            "texturesSignature": "Zm9yLWZpeHR1cmUtdXNlLW9ubHktbm90LWEtcmVhbC1tb2phbmctc2lnbmF0dXJl"
+          }
+        ]
       }
     }
   ]

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/finalmask/udp-mask.json

@@ -1,35 +1,77 @@
 {
   "udp": [
-    { "type": "salamander", "settings": { "password": "swordfish" } },
-    { "type": "mkcp-legacy", "settings": { "header": "", "value": "abcdef0123456789" } },
-    { "type": "mkcp-legacy", "settings": { "header": "dns", "value": "cloudflare.com" } },
-    { "type": "mkcp-legacy", "settings": { "header": "wireguard", "value": "" } },
+    {
+      "type": "salamander",
+      "settings": {
+        "password": "swordfish"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "mkcp-legacy",
+      "settings": {
+        "header": "",
+        "value": "abcdef0123456789"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "mkcp-legacy",
+      "settings": {
+        "header": "dns",
+        "value": "cloudflare.com"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "mkcp-legacy",
+      "settings": {
+        "header": "wireguard",
+        "value": ""
+      }
+    },
     {
       "type": "noise",
       "settings": {
         "reset": "60",
         "noise": [
-          { "type": "rand", "rand": "10-20", "delay": "10-16" },
-          { "type": "str", "packet": ["ping"], "delay": "5" }
+          {
+            "type": "array",
+            "rand": "10-20",
+            "delay": "10-16"
+          },
+          {
+            "type": "str",
+            "packet": "ping",
+            "delay": "5"
+          }
         ]
       }
     },
     {
       "type": "xdns",
       "settings": {
-        "domains": ["example.com:txt", "example.org:a"],
-        "resolvers": ["example.com:txt+udp://1.1.1.1:53"]
+        "domains": [
+          "example.com:txt",
+          "example.org:a"
+        ],
+        "resolvers": [
+          "example.com:txt+udp://1.1.1.1:53"
+        ]
       }
     },
     {
       "type": "xicmp",
-      "settings": { "dgram": false, "ips": [] }
+      "settings": {
+        "dgram": false,
+        "ips": []
+      }
     },
     {
       "type": "realm",
       "settings": {
         "url": "realm://public@example.com/my-realm",
-        "stunServers": ["stun.l.google.com:19302", "global.stun.twilio.com:3478"]
+        "stunServers": [
+          "stun.l.google.com:19302",
+          "global.stun.twilio.com:3478"
+        ]
       }
     }
   ]

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/inbound-full/hysteria-tls.json

@@ -3,15 +3,20 @@
   "up": 0,
   "down": 0,
   "total": 0,
-  "remark": "gina-hysteria-v1",
+  "remark": "gina-hysteria",
   "enable": true,
   "expiryTime": 0,
   "listen": "",
   "port": 36715,
-  "tag": "inbound-hysteria-v1",
+  "tag": "inbound-hysteria",
   "sniffing": {
     "enabled": false,
-    "destOverride": ["http", "tls", "quic", "fakedns"],
+    "destOverride": [
+      "http",
+      "tls",
+      "quic",
+      "fakedns"
+    ],
     "metadataOnly": false,
     "routeOnly": false,
     "ipsExcluded": [],
@@ -19,7 +24,7 @@
   },
   "protocol": "hysteria",
   "settings": {
-    "version": 1,
+    "version": 2,
     "clients": [
       {
         "auth": "hyst-v1-auth-XYZ",
@@ -56,7 +61,9 @@
           "buildChain": false
         }
       ],
-      "alpn": ["h3"],
+      "alpn": [
+        "h3"
+      ],
       "echServerKeys": "",
       "settings": {
         "fingerprint": "chrome",

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/inbound/hysteria-basic.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "protocol": "hysteria",
   "settings": {
-    "version": 1,
+    "version": 2,
     "clients": [
       {
         "auth": "hyst3ria-v1-token-XYZ",

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/stream/xhttp-extra-padding.json

@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
     "xPaddingKey": "secret-key",
     "xPaddingHeader": "X-Pad",
     "xPaddingPlacement": "header",
-    "xPaddingMethod": "random"
+    "xPaddingMethod": "tokenish"
   }
 }

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/stream/xhttp-extra-placement.json

@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
   "xhttpSettings": {
     "path": "/sp",
     "host": "edge.example.test",
-    "mode": "auto",
+    "mode": "packet-up",
     "sessionIDPlacement": "header",
     "sessionIDKey": "X-Session",
     "seqPlacement": "cookie",
     "seqKey": "X-Seq",
-    "uplinkDataPlacement": "query",
+    "uplinkDataPlacement": "cookie",
     "uplinkDataKey": "u"
   }
 }

frontend/src/test/golden/fixtures/stream/xhttp-extra-tuning.json

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
     },
     "xmux": {
       "maxConcurrency": "16-32",
-      "maxConnections": 4,
       "cMaxReuseTimes": 0,
       "hMaxRequestTimes": "600-900",
       "hMaxReusableSecs": "1800-3000",

frontend/src/test/http-init.test.tsx

@@ -193,4 +193,87 @@ describe('http-init fetch wrapper', () => {
 
     expect(initOf().signal).toBeInstanceOf(AbortSignal);
   });
+
+  it('preserves a caller cancellation signal when a timeout is set', async () => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 1_000, signal: controller.signal });
+    controller.abort();
+
+    expect(initOf().signal?.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('preserves both cancellation paths when AbortSignal.any is unavailable', async () => {
+    const timeout = AbortSignal.timeout.bind(AbortSignal);
+    vi.resetModules();
+    vi.stubGlobal('AbortSignal', { timeout });
+    http = await import('@/api/http-init');
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 1_000, signal: controller.signal });
+    controller.abort();
+
+    expect(initOf().signal?.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('times out when AbortSignal.any is unavailable', async () => {
+    const timeout = AbortSignal.timeout.bind(AbortSignal);
+    vi.resetModules();
+    vi.stubGlobal('AbortSignal', { timeout });
+    http = await import('@/api/http-init');
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 20, signal: controller.signal });
+    const signal = initOf().signal as AbortSignal;
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => signal.addEventListener('abort', () => resolve(), { once: true }));
+
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('aborts on the timeout when a caller signal is present', async () => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 20, signal: controller.signal });
+    const signal = initOf().signal as AbortSignal;
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      if (signal.aborted) {
+        resolve();
+        return;
+      }
+      signal.addEventListener('abort', () => resolve(), { once: true });
+    });
+
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    ['/x?keep=1', '/x?keep=1&added=yes'],
+    ['/x?', '/x?added=yes'],
+    ['/x#frag', '/x?added=yes#frag'],
+    ['/x?keep=1#frag', '/x?keep=1&added=yes#frag'],
+  ])('appends encoded params to %s', async (url, expected) => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', url, undefined, { params: { added: 'yes' } });
+
+    expect(urlOf()).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it('preserves the URL when no params are supplied', async () => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x?keep=1#frag');
+
+    expect(urlOf()).toBe('/x?keep=1#frag');
+  });
 });

frontend/src/test/i18n-dead-keys.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import { readFileSync, readdirSync, statSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import { join, resolve } from 'node:path';
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+/*
+ * Guards the 13-locale translation set two ways: every key in en-US must be
+ * referenced somewhere in the frontend or Go sources (dead keys accumulate
+ * silently — this test deleted over two hundred of them when it was
+ * introduced), and every locale must carry exactly the en-US key set
+ * (missing keys fall back to en-US at runtime, so nothing else fails the
+ * build when a translation is forgotten).
+ *
+ * References are matched as whole dotted tokens, not substrings, so a dead
+ * key cannot hide behind a longer live sibling. Dynamically built keys are
+ * covered by harvesting the string-literal prefixes that appear next to
+ * concatenation or template-literal interpolation; the prefix needs at
+ * least one dot but need not end on one, so a literal that stops mid-leaf
+ * right before the interpolation still keeps its subtree alive. This file
+ * excludes itself from the scan so the prose above cannot whitelist
+ * anything.
+ */
+
+const repoRoot = resolve(process.cwd(), '..');
+const translationDir = join(repoRoot, 'internal', 'web', 'translation');
+const selfPath = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+
+function flattenKeys(obj: Record<string, unknown>, prefix = ''): string[] {
+  const keys: string[] = [];
+  for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(obj)) {
+    const key = `${prefix}${k}`;
+    if (v !== null && typeof v === 'object') {
+      keys.push(...flattenKeys(v as Record<string, unknown>, `${key}.`));
+    } else {
+      keys.push(key);
+    }
+  }
+  return keys;
+}
+
+function collectSources(dir: string, exts: string[], out: string[]): void {
+  for (const entry of readdirSync(dir)) {
+    if (['node_modules', 'dist', 'generated', '.git', '.local', 'storybook-static'].includes(entry)) continue;
+    const full = join(dir, entry);
+    if (statSync(full).isDirectory()) {
+      collectSources(full, exts, out);
+    } else if (exts.some((ext) => entry.endsWith(ext)) && resolve(full) !== selfPath) {
+      out.push(readFileSync(full, 'utf8'));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+describe('i18n keys', () => {
+  const enUS = JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(translationDir, 'en-US.json'), 'utf8'));
+  const enKeys = flattenKeys(enUS);
+
+  const sources: string[] = [];
+  collectSources(join(repoRoot, 'frontend', 'src'), ['.ts', '.tsx'], sources);
+  collectSources(join(repoRoot, 'internal'), ['.go'], sources);
+  const blob = sources.join('\n');
+
+  const tokens = new Set(blob.match(/[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.]*/g) ?? []);
+
+  const prefixes: string[] = [];
+  for (const match of blob.matchAll(/['"`]([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:\.[A-Za-z0-9_]+)+\.?)['"`]\s*\+/g)) {
+    prefixes.push(match[1]);
+  }
+  for (const match of blob.matchAll(/[`']([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:\.[A-Za-z0-9_]+)+\.?)\$\{/g)) {
+    prefixes.push(match[1]);
+  }
+
+  it('every en-US key is referenced by the frontend or Go sources', () => {
+    const dead = enKeys.filter(
+      (key) => !tokens.has(key) && !prefixes.some((p) => key.startsWith(p)),
+    );
+    expect(dead, `dead i18n keys (delete from all 13 locales):\n  ${dead.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('every locale carries exactly the en-US key set', () => {
+    const enSet = new Set(enKeys);
+    for (const file of readdirSync(translationDir)) {
+      if (!file.endsWith('.json') || file === 'en-US.json') continue;
+      const keys = new Set(flattenKeys(JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(translationDir, file), 'utf8'))));
+      const missing = enKeys.filter((k) => !keys.has(k));
+      const orphans = [...keys].filter((k) => !enSet.has(k));
+      expect(missing, `${file} is missing keys:\n  ${missing.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+      expect(orphans, `${file} has keys absent from en-US:\n  ${orphans.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+    }
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/inbound-form-adapter.test.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ const vlessRow: RawInboundRow = {
   total: 1_000_000_000,
   expiryTime: 0,
   trafficReset: 'monthly',
+  trafficResetDay: 15,
   lastTrafficResetTime: 0,
   tag: 'inbound-1',
   nodeId: null,
@@ -267,6 +268,7 @@ describe('formValuesToWirePayload', () => {
       enable: payload.enable,
       expiryTime: payload.expiryTime,
       trafficReset: payload.trafficReset,
+      trafficResetDay: payload.trafficResetDay,
       lastTrafficResetTime: payload.lastTrafficResetTime,
       nodeId: payload.nodeId ?? null,
     });
@@ -276,8 +278,13 @@ describe('formValuesToWirePayload', () => {
     expect(replay.listen).toBe(original.listen);
     expect(replay.up).toBe(original.up);
     expect(replay.down).toBe(original.down);
+    expect(replay.trafficResetDay).toBe(original.trafficResetDay);
     expect(replay.streamSettings).toEqual(original.streamSettings);
   });
+
+  it('defaults a missing monthly reset day to the first', () => {
+    expect(rawInboundToFormValues({ ...vlessRow, trafficResetDay: undefined }).trafficResetDay).toBe(1);
+  });
 });
 
 describe('subSortIndex', () => {

frontend/src/test/inbound-link.test.ts

@@ -811,3 +811,73 @@ describe('genVlessLink flow gating (#5322)', () => {
     expect(new URL(link).searchParams.get('flow')).toBe('xtls-rprx-vision');
   });
 });
+
+describe('genVlessLink XHTTP extra compatibility', () => {
+  it('emits both sessionID and legacy session keys in XHTTP extra', () => {
+    const typed = InboundSchema.parse({
+      id: 1,
+      up: 0,
+      down: 0,
+      total: 0,
+      remark: 'xhttp-session',
+      enable: true,
+      expiryTime: 0,
+      listen: '',
+      port: 443,
+      tag: 'inbound-vless-xhttp',
+      sniffing: {
+        enabled: false,
+        destOverride: [],
+        metadataOnly: false,
+        routeOnly: false,
+        ipsExcluded: [],
+        domainsExcluded: [],
+      },
+      protocol: 'vless',
+      settings: {
+        clients: [
+          {
+            id: '11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555',
+            email: 'a@example.test',
+            flow: '',
+            limitIp: 0,
+            totalGB: 0,
+            expiryTime: 0,
+            enable: true,
+            tgId: 0,
+            subId: 's1',
+            comment: '',
+            reset: 0,
+          },
+        ],
+        decryption: 'none',
+        encryption: 'none',
+        fallbacks: [],
+      },
+      streamSettings: {
+        network: 'xhttp',
+        security: 'none',
+        xhttpSettings: {
+          path: '/sp',
+          host: 'edge.example.test',
+          mode: 'auto',
+          sessionIDPlacement: 'header',
+          sessionIDKey: 'X-Session',
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    const link = genVlessLink({
+      inbound: typed,
+      address: 'example.test',
+      port: 443,
+      clientId: '11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555',
+    });
+    const extra = JSON.parse(new URL(link).searchParams.get('extra') ?? '{}') as Record<string, unknown>;
+
+    expect(extra.sessionIDPlacement).toBe('header');
+    expect(extra.sessionIDKey).toBe('X-Session');
+    expect(extra.sessionPlacement).toBe('header');
+    expect(extra.sessionKey).toBe('X-Session');
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/on-number.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+
+describe('onNumber', () => {
+  it('forwards numeric values, including zero and negatives', () => {
+    const apply = vi.fn();
+    const handler = onNumber(apply);
+    handler(8443);
+    handler(0);
+    handler(-1);
+    expect(apply.mock.calls).toEqual([[8443], [0], [-1]]);
+  });
+
+  it('ignores cleared events instead of writing a synthetic value', () => {
+    const apply = vi.fn();
+    const handler = onNumber(apply);
+    handler(null);
+    handler(undefined);
+    handler(NaN);
+    expect(apply).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/setting-sub-identity.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { AllSettingSchema } from '@/schemas/setting';
+import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+
+describe('subShowIdentityOnAllLinks', () => {
+  it('defaults to false on AllSetting', () => {
+    expect(new AllSetting().subShowIdentityOnAllLinks).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('accepts boolean values in the settings schema', () => {
+    for (const v of [true, false]) {
+      const r = AllSettingSchema.safeParse({ subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: v });
+      expect(r.success, `subShowIdentityOnAllLinks=${v}`).toBe(true);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('rejects non-boolean values', () => {
+    for (const v of ['true', 1, null]) {
+      expect(AllSettingSchema.safeParse({ subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: v }).success).toBe(false);
+    }
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/storybook-theme.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { render } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { afterEach, expect, test } from 'vitest';
+
+import { withTheme } from '../../.storybook/preview';
+import { ThemeProvider } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
+
+function Story() {
+  return <div>Story</div>;
+}
+
+function StorybookTheme({ theme }: { theme: 'light' | 'dark' }) {
+  return withTheme(Story, { globals: { theme } } as Partial<Parameters<typeof withTheme>[1]> as Parameters<typeof withTheme>[1]);
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  document.body.className = '';
+  document.documentElement.removeAttribute('data-theme');
+});
+
+test('preserves unrelated body classes when applying the Storybook theme', () => {
+  document.body.className = 'storybook-fixture dark';
+  document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'ultra-dark');
+  const { rerender } = render(<StorybookTheme theme="light" />);
+
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('storybook-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('light')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(false);
+  expect(document.documentElement.hasAttribute('data-theme')).toBe(false);
+
+  rerender(<StorybookTheme theme="dark" />);
+
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('storybook-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('light')).toBe(false);
+});
+
+test('preserves unrelated body classes when applying the panel theme', () => {
+  document.body.className = 'panel-fixture';
+  const message = document.createElement('div');
+  message.id = 'message';
+  message.className = 'message-fixture';
+  document.body.append(message);
+
+  render(<ThemeProvider><div>Panel</div></ThemeProvider>);
+
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('panel-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('light')).toBe(false);
+  expect(message.classList.contains('message-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(message.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(true);
+});

frontend/src/test/stream-wire-normalize.test.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import {
   normalizeSockoptForWire,
   normalizeStreamSettingsForWire,
   normalizeXhttpForWire,
+  validateRealityClientVer,
+  validateRealityMaxClientVer,
   validateRealityTarget,
 } from '@/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize';
 import { InboundFormSchema } from '@/schemas/forms/inbound-form';
@@ -26,6 +28,64 @@ describe('validateRealityTarget', () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe('validateRealityClientVer', () => {
+  it('accepts empty (not set) and core-style versions', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('1.0.0')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('0.0.255')).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('rejects untrimmed values because the save path ships them verbatim', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.27 ')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer(' 26.3.27')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer(' ')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+  });
+
+  it('rejects what the core parser rejects', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.27.1')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.256')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('v26.3.27')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26..27')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('-1.0.0')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('validateRealityMaxClientVer', () => {
+  it('accepts an empty max, an empty min, and a valid range', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('', '26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('27.0.0', '')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26.3.27', '26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('27.1.2', '26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('rejects a max below the min, the stale-placeholder trap included', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('25.9.11', '26.3.27')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin',
+    );
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26.3.26', '26.3.27')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('pads short versions like the core does before comparing', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26', '26.0.0')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26', '26.3')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('reports format errors before range errors and skips a malformed min', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('25.9', 'not-a-version')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('nope', '26.3.27')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid',
+    );
+  });
+});
+
 describe('normalizeXhttpForWire stream-one', () => {
   it('drops packet-up and stream-up-only fields on inbound', () => {
     const out = normalizeXhttpForWire({
@@ -158,8 +218,8 @@ describe('normalizeXhttpForWire stream-one', () => {
     expect(XHttpXmuxSchema.parse({}).maxConcurrency).toBe('16-32');
   });
 
-  it('XMUX_FRESH_DEFAULTS seeds the anti-RKN maxConnections=6 without a competing maxConcurrency', () => {
-    expect(XMUX_FRESH_DEFAULTS.maxConnections).toBe(6);
+  it('XMUX_FRESH_DEFAULTS seeds the core maxConnections fallback without a competing maxConcurrency', () => {
+    expect(XMUX_FRESH_DEFAULTS.maxConnections).toBe(3);
     expect(XMUX_FRESH_DEFAULTS.maxConcurrency).toBe('');
 
     const out = normalizeXhttpForWire({
@@ -170,7 +230,7 @@ describe('normalizeXhttpForWire stream-one', () => {
     }, 'outbound');
 
     const xmux = out.xmux as Record<string, unknown>;
-    expect(xmux.maxConnections).toBe(6);
+    expect(xmux.maxConnections).toBe(3);
     expect(xmux.maxConcurrency).toBe('');
   });
 });

frontend/src/test/subscription-general-tab.test.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,37 @@ function LocationProbe() {
 }
 
 describe('SubscriptionGeneralTab', () => {
+  it('keeps the stored subscription port when the field is cleared', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings#subscription']}>
+        <SubscriptionGeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ subPort: 2096 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    const portInput = screen.getByDisplayValue('2096');
+    fireEvent.change(portInput, { target: { value: '' } });
+    fireEvent.blur(portInput);
+
+    expect(updateSetting).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect((portInput as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('2096');
+  });
+
+  it('forwards typed subscription ports unchanged', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings#subscription']}>
+        <SubscriptionGeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ subPort: 2096 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByDisplayValue('2096'), { target: { value: '8443' } });
+
+    expect(updateSetting).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ subPort: 8443 });
+  });
+
   it('uses router navigation to open subscription format settings', () => {
     const allSetting = new AllSetting({ subClashEnable: true });
 

frontend/src/test/use-all-settings.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { act, renderHook, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { useAllSettings } from '@/api/queries/useAllSettings';
+import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+import { makeTestQueryClient } from '@/test/test-utils';
+import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.restoreAllMocks();
+});
+
+describe('useAllSettings', () => {
+  it('keeps backend-accepted settings editable when the frontend schema is stricter', async () => {
+    const subJsonUserAgentRegex = 'x'.repeat(2_049);
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(true, '', { subJsonUserAgentRegex }));
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.subJsonUserAgentRegex).toBe(subJsonUserAgentRegex);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps an edited setting when a refetch returns older server data', async () => {
+    const values = [
+      { webPort: 2053 },
+      { webPort: 2054 },
+    ];
+    let index = 0;
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async () => new Msg(true, '', values[index++]));
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.updateSetting({ webPort: 3000 }));
+    await queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.settings.all() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(HttpUtil.post).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.webPort).toBe(3000);
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('hydrates redacted secrets after a successful save', async () => {
+    let fetchCount = 0;
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url) => {
+      if (url === '/panel/api/setting/all') {
+        fetchCount += 1;
+        return new Msg(true, '', fetchCount === 1 ? { hasTgBotToken: false } : { hasTgBotToken: true, tgBotToken: '' });
+      }
+      return new Msg(true, '');
+    });
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.updateSetting({ tgBotToken: 'secret' }));
+    await act(async () => {
+      await result.current.saveAll();
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(HttpUtil.post).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.tgBotToken).toBe('');
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.hasTgBotToken).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('establishes a saved baseline for a full-payload security save', async () => {
+    let fetchCount = 0;
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url) => {
+      if (url === '/panel/api/setting/all') {
+        fetchCount += 1;
+        return new Msg(true, '', fetchCount === 1 ? { hasTgBotToken: false } : { hasTgBotToken: true, tgBotToken: '' });
+      }
+      return new Msg(true, '');
+    });
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.updateSetting({ tgBotToken: 'secret' }));
+    await act(async () => {
+      await result.current.savePayload({ ...result.current.allSetting, twoFactorEnable: false, twoFactorToken: '' });
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(HttpUtil.post).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.tgBotToken).toBe('');
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.hasTgBotToken).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+});