v3.6.0

Frontend deps: @hookform/resolvers 5.4.3 -> 5.5.7, Storybook 10.5.4 -> 10.5.5
across the four packages we declare, globals 17.7.0 -> 17.8.0, and jsdom
29.1.1 -> 30.0.1. The jsdom major replaces its CSS and selector stack --
@asamuzakjp/css-color 5 -> 6, @asamuzakjp/dom-selector 7 -> 8, undici 7 -> 8,
nwsapi and generational-cache folded into their parents, whatwg-url 17 nested
underneath. Nothing in the Vitest suites reaches those directly and the whole
frontend gate (typecheck, lint, tests, build, Storybook compile) is green.
Panel frontend version to 0.6.0.

Backend deps: mattn/go-sqlite3 1.14.48 -> 1.14.49 and valyala/fasthttp
1.72.0 -> 1.73.0, plus the golang.org/x/exp and genproto/googleapis/rpc
indirect bumps that came with them.

Go tests: modernize -fix output, covering range-over-int, sync.WaitGroup.Go
in place of manual Add/Done pairs, maps.Copy, and Go 1.26 new(expr) for
pointer-to-value in the forwarded-trust table. The storedAs helper is deleted
instead of being left behind a //go:fix inline directive -- keeping it that way
fails govet on the one call site the rewrite did not reach, and every caller now
takes new(...) directly. Behaviour is unchanged.

DnsTab: the hosts-sync effect tested dns while declaring dnsEnabled in its
dependency array. Both carry the same truth value, so this is exhaustive-deps
hygiene rather than a behaviour change.

.github/workflows/claude-bot.yml

@@ -1,24 +1,5 @@
 name: Claude Bot
 
-# Every prompt: / claude_args: block below interpolates ${{ }}, so GitHub parses
-# the whole block scalar as ONE expression and caps it at 21000 characters.
-# Going over does not fail a job - the entire workflow stops parsing and
-# vanishes from Actions, with the run reported only as a workflow file issue.
-# The two triage prompts are the ones to watch: roughly 15100 characters each.
-# Put shared context in CLAUDE.md and docs/architecture.md, which are in the
-# checkout, instead of pasting it here.
-#
-# CLAUDE_CODE_SUBPROCESS_ENV_SCRUB=0 on the two jobs that set
-# allowed_non_write_users: the action otherwise turns subprocess isolation on
-# for them, installs bubblewrap, and every Bash call then dies in the sandbox
-# with "bwrap: Can't create file at /home/.mcp.json: Permission denied" before
-# the command runs. The job still reports success, so the bot silently answers
-# nothing - which is what the "Fail if ..." steps catch.
-#
-# Only resolve-conflicts may change code, and only the merge it is handed: the
-# model there has no shell at all, and the commit and push are done by a
-# workflow step from the event payload, never by the model.
-
 on:
   issues:
     types: [opened]
@@ -785,7 +766,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
   resolve-conflicts:
-    if: github.event_name == 'issue_comment' && github.event.issue.pull_request && contains(github.event.comment.body, 'resolve pr conflicts') && github.event.comment.user.login == github.repository_owner
+    if: github.event_name == 'issue_comment' && github.event.issue.pull_request && contains(github.event.comment.body, 'resolve pr conflicts') && github.event.comment.user.login == github.repository_owner && github.event.comment.author_association == 'OWNER'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
       contents: read
@@ -793,6 +774,29 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
       id-token: write
     steps:
+      - name: Refuse a head that moved after the request
+        id: freshness
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          REPO: ${{ github.repository }}
+          PR: ${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+          COMMENT_AT: ${{ github.event.comment.created_at }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          head=$(gh api "repos/${REPO}/pulls/${PR}" --jq '"\(.head.sha) \(.head.repo.pushed_at // "")"')
+          HEAD_SHA=${head%% *}
+          HEAD_PUSHED_AT=${head#* }
+          if [ -z "$HEAD_PUSHED_AT" ]; then
+            gh pr comment "$PR" --repo "$REPO" --body "The head repository of this pull request is gone, so its branch cannot be verified or merged. Nothing was changed."
+            echo "::error::The head repository is unavailable; refusing to check it out."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(date -d "$HEAD_PUSHED_AT" +%s)" -gt "$(date -d "$COMMENT_AT" +%s)" ]; then
+            gh pr comment "$PR" --repo "$REPO" --body "The head branch was pushed to at ${HEAD_PUSHED_AT}, after this was requested at ${COMMENT_AT}, so the code that would be checked out here is not the code that was reviewed. Nothing was changed. Ask again to act on the current head."
+            echo "::error::The head moved after the request; refusing to check it out."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "sha=${HEAD_SHA}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - uses: actions/checkout@v7
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
@@ -802,6 +806,7 @@ jobs:
         env:
           GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           PR: ${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+          PINNED_SHA: ${{ steps.freshness.outputs.sha }}
         run: |
           set -euo pipefail
           hand_back() {
@@ -815,11 +820,17 @@ jobs:
           fi
           base=$(gh pr view "$PR" --json baseRefName --jq '.baseRefName')
           head=$(gh pr view "$PR" --json headRefName --jq '.headRefName')
-          gh pr checkout "$PR"
           git config core.hooksPath /dev/null
           git config core.quotePath false
           git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
           git config user.email "41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+          gh pr checkout "$PR"
+          checked_out=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+          if [ "$checked_out" != "$PINNED_SHA" ]; then
+            gh pr comment "$PR" --body "The head of this pull request moved from \`${PINNED_SHA}\` to \`${checked_out}\` while this run was starting, so nothing was changed."
+            echo "::error::The head moved from ${PINNED_SHA} to ${checked_out} during the run."
+            exit 1
+          fi
           git fetch origin "$base"
           if git merge --no-commit --no-ff "origin/${base}"; then
             git merge --abort 2>/dev/null || true
@@ -838,6 +849,14 @@ jobs:
             git merge --abort 2>/dev/null || true
             hand_back "The merge of \`${base}\` failed without leaving a conflicted file, so it needs a human. Nothing was changed."
           fi
+          odd=$(printf '%s\n' "$files" | grep -vE '^[A-Za-z0-9._][A-Za-z0-9._/-]*$' || true)
+          if [ -n "$odd" ]; then
+            git merge --abort 2>/dev/null || true
+            hand_back "The merge of \`${base}\` conflicts over paths this job refuses to hand to its tooling:
+          $(printf '%s\n' "$odd" | sed 's/^/- /')
+
+          Nothing was changed. Resolve those by hand."
+          fi
           rules=""
           while IFS= read -r f; do
             [ -z "$f" ] && continue

docs/architecture.md

@@ -369,8 +369,8 @@ All registered in `web.go` → `startTask()`. Each is a struct with a `Run()` me
 | `@every 5m` | `outbound_subscription_job` | Refresh outbound provider configs |
 | `@every 10m` | `clear_logs_job` (`PruneXrayLogsJob`) | Truncate Xray access/error logs once either exceeds 64 MiB |
 | `@hourly` | `warp_ip_job`, `periodic_traffic_reset_job("hourly")` | WARP IP rotation; traffic resets |
-| `@daily` | `clear_logs_job`, `periodic_traffic_reset_job("daily")` | IP-limit and Xray access/error log cleanup; traffic resets |
+| `@daily` | `clear_logs_job`, `periodic_traffic_reset_job("daily")`, `periodic_traffic_reset_job("monthly")` | IP-limit and Xray access/error log cleanup; daily resets and due monthly resets |
-| `@weekly` / `@monthly` | `periodic_traffic_reset_job(...)` | Weekly/monthly traffic resets |
+| `@weekly` | `periodic_traffic_reset_job("weekly")` | Weekly traffic resets |
 | default `@every 1m` | `ldap_sync_job` | Only if LDAP enabled; schedule configurable |
 | default `@daily` | `stats_notify_job` | Only if TG bot enabled; schedule configurable |
 | `@every 2m` | `check_hash_storage` | Only if TG bot enabled; expires bot callback hashes |

docs/content/docs/en/config/inbounds.mdx

@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ See [Clients](/docs/config/clients).
 Optionally cap total traffic and set an expiry date for the inbound, and choose a
 periodic **traffic reset** schedule: `never` (default), `hourly`, `daily`,
 `weekly`, or `monthly`.
+
+For `monthly` resets, select a day from 1 to 31. If the selected day does not
+exist in a shorter month, the reset runs on that month's last day.
 </Step>
 
 </Steps>

docs/content/docs/en/config/panel.mdx

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ browser in full.
 | `webBasePath`       | `/`                     | URL path the panel is served under (always normalized to `/…/`).        |
 | `webCertFile` / `webKeyFile` | _(none)_       | TLS certificate + key. When both are set, the panel serves **HTTPS**.   |
 | `sessionMaxAge`     | `360`                   | Session lifetime in **minutes** (default 6 hours).                      |
-| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | IPs/CIDRs whose forwarded headers (real client IP) are trusted.         |
+| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | IPs/CIDRs whose forwarded headers (real client IP) are trusted. A custom value also controls forwarded host and scheme in subscription links; include the subscription proxy or set `subURI` to override those links. |
 | `panelOutbound`     | _(none)_                | Route the panel's own egress (update checks, Telegram, geo/sub fetches) through a named Xray outbound. |
 
 After changing the port or base path, the panel URL becomes

docs/content/docs/en/config/reality.mdx

@@ -118,6 +118,13 @@ vless://<uuid>@<server>:443?security=reality&pbk=<public-key>&sid=<short-id>&sni
 - **Leaked private key.** Only ever distribute the **public** key to clients.
 - **Wrong flow.** REALITY + XTLS-Vision needs `flow = xtls-rprx-vision` on both
   the inbound client entry and the share link.
+- **Old client cores rejected by default.** An empty **Min Client Ver** is not
+  "no limit": Xray-core falls back to the built-in minimum of the core build you
+  run (26.3.27 in current releases) that keeps client TLS fingerprints fresh, so
+  third-party cores such as Mihomo and sing-box fail REALITY verification even
+  with a correct config — clients see timeouts while only Xray-core based apps
+  connect. Set it to `1.0.0` only if you must support them; that also re-admits
+  outdated fingerprints.
 
 </Callout>
 

docs/content/docs/fa/config/inbounds.mdx

@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ TLS یا REALITY) را انتخاب کنید. به [انتقال‌ها](/docs/c
 به‌صورت اختیاری می‌توانید کل ترافیک را محدود کنید و یک تاریخ انقضا برای ورودی
 تعیین کنید، و یک زمان‌بندی **بازنشانی ترافیک** دوره‌ای انتخاب کنید: `never`
 (پیش‌فرض)، `hourly`، `daily`، `weekly` یا `monthly`.
+
+برای بازنشانی `monthly`، روزی از ۱ تا ۳۱ انتخاب کنید. اگر آن روز در ماهی کوتاه‌تر
+وجود نداشته باشد، بازنشانی در آخرین روز همان ماه انجام می‌شود.
 </Step>
 
 </Steps>

docs/content/docs/fa/config/panel.mdx

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ icon: SlidersHorizontal
 | `webBasePath`       | `/`                     | مسیر URLی که پنل زیر آن ارائه می‌شود (همیشه به شکل `/…/` نرمال‌سازی می‌شود).        |
 | `webCertFile` / `webKeyFile` | _(هیچ‌کدام)_   | گواهی + کلید TLS. وقتی هر دو تنظیم شوند، پنل با **HTTPS** ارائه می‌شود.   |
 | `sessionMaxAge`     | `360`                   | طول عمر نشست بر حسب **دقیقه** (پیش‌فرض ۶ ساعت).                      |
-| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | IPها/CIDRهایی که هدرهای فورواردشده‌شان (IP واقعی کلاینت) مورد اعتماد است.         |
+| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | IPها/CIDRهایی که هدرهای فورواردشده‌شان (IP واقعی کلاینت) مورد اعتماد است. مقدار سفارشی همچنین میزبان و طرحِ لینک‌های اشتراک را کنترل می‌کند؛ پراکسی اشتراک را اضافه کنید یا برای بازنویسی این لینک‌ها `subURI` را تنظیم کنید. |
 | `panelOutbound`     | _(هیچ‌کدام)_                | مسیریابی خروجیِ خود پنل (بررسی به‌روزرسانی‌ها، Telegram، واکشی geo/sub) از طریق یک خروجی Xray با نام مشخص. |
 
 پس از تغییر پورت یا مسیر پایه، آدرس پنل به‌صورت

docs/content/docs/fa/config/reality.mdx

@@ -118,6 +118,13 @@ vless://<uuid>@<server>:443?security=reality&pbk=<public-key>&sid=<short-id>&sni
 - **نشت کلید خصوصی.** فقط و فقط **کلید عمومی** را میان کلاینت‌ها توزیع کنید.
 - **جریان نادرست.** REALITY + XTLS-Vision به `flow = xtls-rprx-vision` هم در ورودیِ
   مدخل کلاینت و هم در لینک اشتراک‌گذاری نیاز دارد.
+- **هسته‌های قدیمی کلاینت به‌طور پیش‌فرض رد می‌شوند.** خالی گذاشتن
+  **حداقل نسخه کلاینت** به معنای «بدون محدودیت» نیست: Xray-core به حداقل داخلیِ
+  نسخهٔ هسته‌ای که اجرا می‌کنید (در نسخه‌های فعلی 26.3.27) بازمی‌گردد تا اثر انگشت‌های TLS کلاینت‌ها تازه
+  بمانند؛ در نتیجه هسته‌های شخص ثالث مانند Mihomo و sing-box حتی با پیکربندی
+  کاملاً درست در تأیید REALITY شکست می‌خورند — کلاینت‌ها تایم‌اوت می‌بینند و فقط
+  اپلیکیشن‌های مبتنی بر Xray-core وصل می‌شوند. تنها در صورت نیاز به پشتیبانی از
+  آن‌ها مقدار `1.0.0` را تنظیم کنید؛ این کار اثر انگشت‌های قدیمی را هم می‌پذیرد.
 
 </Callout>
 

docs/content/docs/ru/config/inbounds.mdx

@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ icon: ArrowDownToLine
 При необходимости ограничьте общий объём трафика и установите дату истечения для
 входящего подключения, а также выберите расписание периодического **сброса трафика**:
 `never` (по умолчанию), `hourly`, `daily`, `weekly` или `monthly`.
+
+Для сброса `monthly` выберите день от 1 до 31. Если выбранного дня нет в более
+коротком месяце, сброс выполняется в последний день этого месяца.
 </Step>
 
 </Steps>

docs/content/docs/ru/config/panel.mdx

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ icon: SlidersHorizontal
 | `webBasePath`       | `/`                     | URL-путь, по которому обслуживается панель (всегда нормализуется к `/…/`). |
 | `webCertFile` / `webKeyFile` | _(нет)_        | Сертификат TLS + ключ. Когда заданы оба, панель обслуживается по **HTTPS**. |
 | `sessionMaxAge`     | `360`                   | Время жизни сессии в **минутах** (по умолчанию 6 часов).                |
-| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | IP-адреса/CIDR, чьим переадресованным заголовкам (реальный IP клиента) можно доверять. |
+| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | IP-адреса/CIDR, чьим переадресованным заголовкам (реальный IP клиента) можно доверять. Пользовательское значение также управляет пересылаемыми хостом и схемой в ссылках подписки; добавьте прокси подписки или задайте `subURI`, чтобы переопределить эти ссылки. |
 | `panelOutbound`     | _(нет)_                 | Маршрутизация собственного исходящего трафика панели (проверка обновлений, Telegram, запросы geo/подписок) через именованный исходящий канал Xray. |
 
 После изменения порта или базового пути URL панели становится

docs/content/docs/ru/config/reality.mdx

@@ -123,6 +123,14 @@ vless://<uuid>@<server>:443?security=reality&pbk=<public-key>&sid=<short-id>&sni
   ключ.
 - **Неправильный поток.** Для REALITY + XTLS-Vision нужен `flow = xtls-rprx-vision`
   как в записи клиента входящего подключения, так и в ссылке для подключения.
+- **Старые ядра клиентов отклоняются по умолчанию.** Пустое поле
+  **Мин. версия клиента** не означает «без ограничений»: Xray-core использует
+  встроенный минимум используемой сборки ядра (26.3.27 в текущих релизах),
+  который поддерживает свежесть
+  TLS-отпечатков клиентов, поэтому сторонние ядра, такие как Mihomo и sing-box,
+  не проходят проверку REALITY даже при корректной конфигурации — клиенты видят
+  таймауты, а подключаются только приложения на базе Xray-core. Ставьте `1.0.0`,
+  только если они вам необходимы; это также допустит устаревшие отпечатки.
 
 </Callout>
 

docs/content/docs/zh/config/inbounds.mdx

@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ icon: ArrowDownToLine
 
 可选地为入站设置总流量上限和到期日期，并选择一个周期性的**流量重置**计划：
 `never`（默认）、`hourly`、`daily`、`weekly` 或 `monthly`。
+
+选择 `monthly` 时，可以指定每月 1 至 31 日重置。如果当月没有指定日期，
+则在该月最后一天重置。
 </Step>
 
 </Steps>

docs/content/docs/zh/config/panel.mdx

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ icon: SlidersHorizontal
 | `webBasePath`       | `/`                     | 面板对外提供服务所使用的 URL 路径（始终规范化为 `/…/`）。               |
 | `webCertFile` / `webKeyFile` | _（无）_       | TLS 证书 + 密钥。两者都设置后，面板将以 **HTTPS** 提供服务。           |
 | `sessionMaxAge`     | `360`                   | 会话有效期，单位为**分钟**（默认 6 小时）。                              |
-| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | 其转发头（真实客户端 IP）受信任的 IP/CIDR。                            |
+| `trustedProxyCIDRs` | `127.0.0.1/32,::1/128`  | 其转发头（真实客户端 IP）受信任的 IP/CIDR。自定义值还会控制订阅链接中转发的主机和协议；请将订阅代理加入列表，或设置 `subURI` 覆盖这些链接。 |
 | `panelOutbound`     | _（无）_                | 通过一个命名的 Xray 出站来路由面板自身的出口流量（更新检查、Telegram、地理/订阅拉取）。 |
 
 更改端口或基础路径后，面板 URL 将变为

docs/content/docs/zh/config/reality.mdx

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ vless://<uuid>@<server>:443?security=reality&pbk=<public-key>&sid=<short-id>&sni
 - **SNI 不匹配。** SNI / server names 必须与目标站点的真实证书匹配，否则握手会暴露伪装。
 - **私钥泄露。** 永远只把**公钥**分发给客户端。
 - **流控设置错误。** REALITY + XTLS-Vision 要求在入站的客户端条目和分享链接上都设置 `flow = xtls-rprx-vision`。
+- **旧客户端内核默认被拒。** **最小客户端版本**留空并不是“不限制”：Xray-core 会退回到所运行内核版本的内置最低值（当前版本为 26.3.27）以保证客户端 TLS 指纹的新鲜度，因此 Mihomo、sing-box 等第三方内核即使配置完全正确也会导致 REALITY 验证失败——表现为客户端超时，只有基于 Xray-core 的应用能连上。只有在必须支持它们时才填 `1.0.0`；这同时也会放行过时的指纹。
 
 </Callout>
 

docs/public/openapi.json

@@ -411,6 +411,9 @@
             "maximum": 65535,
             "minimum": 1,
             "type": "integer"
+          },
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+            "type": "boolean"
           }
         },
         "required": [
@@ -479,6 +482,7 @@
           "subPort",
           "subProfileUrl",
           "subRoutingRules",
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
           "subSupportUrl",
           "subThemeDir",
           "subTitle",
@@ -916,6 +920,9 @@
             "maximum": 65535,
             "minimum": 1,
             "type": "integer"
+          },
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+            "type": "boolean"
           }
         },
         "required": [
@@ -991,6 +998,7 @@
           "subPort",
           "subProfileUrl",
           "subRoutingRules",
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
           "subSupportUrl",
           "subThemeDir",
           "subTitle",

frontend/.storybook/preview.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useEffect } from 'react';
+import { useLayoutEffect } from 'react';
 import type { Decorator, Preview } from '@storybook/react-vite';
 import { ConfigProvider } from 'antd';
 import i18next from 'i18next';
@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@ if (!i18next.isInitialized) {
   });
 }
 
-const withTheme: Decorator = (Story, context) => {
+export const withTheme: Decorator = (Story, context) => {
   const dark = context.globals.theme === 'dark';
-  useEffect(() => {
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
-    document.body.setAttribute('class', dark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+    document.body.classList.remove('dark', 'light');
-    document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', dark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+    document.body.classList.add(dark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+    document.documentElement.removeAttribute('data-theme');
   }, [dark]);
   return (
     <ConfigProvider theme={buildAntdThemeConfig(dark, false)}>

frontend/eslint.config.js

@@ -53,4 +53,37 @@ export default [
       'jsx-a11y/no-autofocus': 'off',
     },
   },
+  {
+    // The settings and xray pages write numeric InputNumber changes straight
+    // into state, so a null-collapsing handler (`Number(v) || N`, or the
+    // ternary `typeof v === 'number' ? v : N`) turns a cleared field into a
+    // stored N — the cleared-port bug, #6121. Handlers here go through
+    // onNumber() (src/utils/onNumber.ts) instead. Known limit: a handler
+    // extracted into a variable and passed as onChange={handler} is not
+    // matched; the inline shapes below are the ones that drift in practice.
+    files: ['src/pages/settings/**/*.tsx', 'src/pages/xray/**/*.tsx'],
+    rules: {
+      'no-restricted-syntax': ['error', {
+        selector: 'JSXElement[openingElement.name.name="InputNumber"] JSXAttribute[name.name="onChange"] LogicalExpression[operator="||"] > CallExpression[callee.name="Number"]',
+        message: 'A cleared InputNumber must not write a synthetic value; wrap the handler with onNumber() from @/utils/onNumber (see #6127).',
+      }, {
+        selector: 'JSXElement[openingElement.name.name="InputNumber"] JSXAttribute[name.name="onChange"] ConditionalExpression[test.left.operator="typeof"][alternate.type="Literal"]',
+        message: 'A cleared InputNumber must not write a synthetic value; wrap the handler with onNumber() from @/utils/onNumber (see #6127).',
+      }, {
+        selector: 'JSXElement[openingElement.name.name="InputNumber"] JSXAttribute[name.name="onChange"] LogicalExpression[operator="??"][right.type="Literal"]',
+        message: 'A cleared InputNumber must not write a synthetic value; wrap the handler with onNumber() from @/utils/onNumber (see #6127).',
+      }],
+    },
+  },
+  {
+    // The xray form modals (OutboundFormModal, BalancerFormModal,
+    // DnsServerModal, WarpModal, …) stage values behind Zod validation like
+    // the clients/inbounds modals do, and some of their fields carry a
+    // deliberate clear-means-zero semantic — the direct-write rule above
+    // does not apply to them.
+    files: ['src/pages/xray/**/*Modal.tsx'],
+    rules: {
+      'no-restricted-syntax': 'off',
+    },
+  },
 ];

frontend/package-lock.json

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 {
   "name": "3x-ui-frontend",
-  "version": "0.4.3",
+  "version": "0.6.0",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "3x-ui-frontend",
-      "version": "0.4.3",
+      "version": "0.6.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "@ant-design/icons": "^6.3.2",
         "@codemirror/lang-json": "^6.0.2",
         "@codemirror/theme-one-dark": "^6.1.3",
-        "@hookform/resolvers": "^5.4.3",
+        "@hookform/resolvers": "^5.5.7",
         "@noble/hashes": "^2.2.0",
         "@tanstack/react-query": "^5.101.4",
         "@tanstack/react-query-devtools": "^5.101.4",
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@
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       "devDependencies": {
         "@eslint/js": "^10.0.1",
-        "@storybook/addon-a11y": "^10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/addon-a11y": "^10.5.5",
-        "@storybook/addon-docs": "^10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/addon-docs": "^10.5.5",
-        "@storybook/addon-vitest": "^10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/addon-vitest": "^10.5.5",
-        "@storybook/react-vite": "^10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/react-vite": "^10.5.5",
         "@testing-library/dom": "^10.4.1",
         "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2",
         "@types/react": "^19.2.17",
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@
         "eslint": "^10.8.0",
         "eslint-plugin-jsx-a11y": "^6.10.2",
         "eslint-plugin-react-hooks": "^7.1.1",
-        "globals": "^17.7.0",
+        "globals": "^17.8.0",
         "husky": "^9.1.7",
-        "jsdom": "^29.1.1",
+        "jsdom": "^30.0.1",
         "lint-staged": "^17.2.0",
         "msw": "^2.15.0",
         "playwright": "^1.62.0",
-        "storybook": "^10.5.4",
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5",
         "typescript": "6.0.3",
         "typescript-eslint": "^8.65.0",
         "vite": "8.1.5",
@@ -165,56 +165,58 @@
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     },
     "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/css-color": {
-      "version": "5.1.11",
+      "version": "6.0.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/css-color/-/css-color-5.1.11.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/css-color/-/css-color-6.0.5.tgz",
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+      "integrity": "sha512-mbhpPMmnw/kwW19aRNmSUl1QzLbdGo1SCuE49BT98MNwqF6zaHb3o2owssFc/PEO/4t2UjqtCNwocuDtJornzA==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@asamuzakjp/generational-cache": "^1.0.1",
+        "@csstools/css-calc": "^3.2.1",
-        "@csstools/css-calc": "^3.2.0",
+        "@csstools/css-color-parser": "^4.1.9",
-        "@csstools/css-color-parser": "^4.1.0",
         "@csstools/css-parser-algorithms": "^4.0.0",
-        "@csstools/css-tokenizer": "^4.0.0"
+        "@csstools/css-tokenizer": "^4.0.0",
+        "lru-cache": "^11.5.2"
       },
       "engines": {
-        "node": "^20.19.0 || ^22.12.0 || >=24.0.0"
+        "node": "^22.13.0 || >=24.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/css-color/node_modules/lru-cache": {
+      "version": "11.5.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache/-/lru-cache-11.5.2.tgz",
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+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
+      "engines": {
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-      "version": "7.1.1",
+      "version": "8.3.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/dom-selector/-/dom-selector-7.1.1.tgz",
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-        "@asamuzakjp/nwsapi": "^2.3.9",
         "bidi-js": "^1.0.3",
         "css-tree": "^3.2.1",
-        "is-potential-custom-element-name": "^1.0.1"
+        "is-potential-custom-element-name": "^1.0.1",
+        "lru-cache": "^11.5.2"
       },
       "engines": {
-        "node": "^20.19.0 || ^22.12.0 || >=24.0.0"
+        "node": "^22.13.0 || >=24.0.0"
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-    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/generational-cache": {
+    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/dom-selector/node_modules/lru-cache": {
-      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "version": "11.5.2",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/generational-cache/-/generational-cache-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/lru-cache/-/lru-cache-11.5.2.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-wajfB8KqzMCN2KGNFdLkReeHncd0AslUSrvHVvvYWuU8ghncRJoA50kT3zP9MVL0+9g4/67H+cdvBskj9THPzg==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-4pfM1Ff0x50o0tQwb5ucw/RzNyD0/YJME6IVcStalZuMWxdt3sR3huStTtxz4PUmvZfRguvDejasvQ2kifR11g==",
       "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT",
+      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
       "engines": {
-        "node": "^20.19.0 || ^22.12.0 || >=24.0.0"
+        "node": "20 || >=22"
       }
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-    "node_modules/@asamuzakjp/nwsapi": {
-      "version": "2.3.9",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@asamuzakjp/nwsapi/-/nwsapi-2.3.9.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-n8GuYSrI9bF7FFZ/SjhwevlHc8xaVlb/7HmHelnc/PZXBD2ZR49NnN9sMMuDdEGPeeRQ5d0hqlSlEpgCX3Wl0Q==",
-      "dev": true,
-      "license": "MIT"
-    },
     "node_modules/@babel/code-frame": {
       "version": "7.29.7",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@babel/code-frame/-/code-frame-7.29.7.tgz",
@@ -1384,9 +1386,9 @@
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     },
     "node_modules/@hookform/resolvers": {
-      "version": "5.4.3",
+      "version": "5.5.7",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@hookform/resolvers/-/resolvers-5.4.3.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@hookform/resolvers/-/resolvers-5.5.7.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-jtS1DEvkT1ql8ImIDQL+UmkhEnDmt3Bp7Yt4q5XQpc0JiQ8b8+I7yT/KQze4gw9Ocmi9xa9ef6zxifizPgdp3A==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-CyPCYV8/KlXfEXLWj8HHHhVsR/IZ6Ckm3b/a4fWtO/lRnRK1huqncb8LlAWrmpPRsse5glF5aVuDRMHEr3UGag==",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@standard-schema/utils": "^0.3.0"
@@ -1413,7 +1415,7 @@
         "react-hook-form": "^7.55.0",
         "superstruct": ">=0.12.0",
         "typanion": "^3.3.2",
-        "valibot": "^1.0.0 || ^1.0.0-beta.4 || ^1.0.0-rc",
+        "valibot": ">=0.31.0 || ^1.0.0-beta.4 || ^1.0.0-rc",
         "vest": ">=3.0.0",
         "yup": "^1.0.0",
         "zod": "^3.25.0 || ^4.0.0"
@@ -3631,9 +3633,9 @@
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     },
     "node_modules/@storybook/addon-a11y": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/addon-a11y/-/addon-a11y-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/addon-a11y/-/addon-a11y-10.5.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-UWdZtB7Dh1GjqxTPOrisUNDhDGF5pKGzZdzW9DSSHMBcAOx2dsTmXGzLSFprAz4LTT0OHCtKhxNqKK0JZJ0Y8g==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-nsMnSRe7pzepXIkUUqI/rL7sp8juXOluyypU4Dz0UuYHhw/cKaxfzuO+3WJN5EtEr/gcnKYb4awxH/duPGavUw==",
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@@ -3645,20 +3647,20 @@
         "url": "https://opencollective.com/storybook"
       },
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-        "storybook": "^10.5.4"
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5"
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@storybook/addon-docs": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/addon-docs/-/addon-docs-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/addon-docs/-/addon-docs-10.5.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-2Z/x2pKEmXOCQjmttYzPuQBu9aWeMly8uEs3msrCTBLiHs/F7IlBFnMu0Z+T2Qvk0LEy8O93AlcPSP76aCcKjw==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-0YpKlimS4XE0kQ8Maa5coeefQxdyDrBHg1wOP3WTPuBe4FolFSCDveR0ge2+vuUBk+fZfn2+l+3Q2jmAWaRGDg==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@mdx-js/react": "^3.0.0",
-        "@storybook/csf-plugin": "10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/csf-plugin": "10.5.5",
         "@storybook/icons": "^2.0.2",
-        "@storybook/react-dom-shim": "10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/react-dom-shim": "10.5.5",
         "react": "^16.8.0 || ^17.0.0 || ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0",
         "react-dom": "^16.8.0 || ^17.0.0 || ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0",
         "ts-dedent": "^2.0.0"
@@ -3669,7 +3671,7 @@
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-        "storybook": "^10.5.4"
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5"
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@@ -3678,9 +3680,9 @@
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     },
     "node_modules/@storybook/addon-vitest": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/addon-vitest/-/addon-vitest-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/addon-vitest/-/addon-vitest-10.5.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-5lr81sgrbK3Tjjbstieg/yYj3jdtQYP70ihpOiN1TwogvFATY2/9eMT46FE5ioKtEFcfJRDcgJ2wSlmJKE+kZw==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Ymq9ErkSkYiIDuqpJ2+hE5GCQ5J6TCLOWhutqArvwaeAO+HAibM82XNExpJ1/kvPqk9y961GDPkv2W15I88JIw==",
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@@ -3695,7 +3697,7 @@
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         "@vitest/runner": "^3.0.0 || ^4.0.0",
-        "storybook": "^10.5.4",
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5",
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@@ -3714,13 +3716,13 @@
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     "node_modules/@storybook/builder-vite": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/builder-vite/-/builder-vite-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/builder-vite/-/builder-vite-10.5.5.tgz",
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+      "integrity": "sha512-dQoJ7gUl8y0z5rV9cE0mz6qTBNmN9R4GOLIZk98rJ8CwduNJOb9eGZXusDzzvnYcp8TnNkqDtyx4tXQSUDInPQ==",
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       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@storybook/csf-plugin": "10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/csf-plugin": "10.5.5",
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@@ -3728,14 +3730,14 @@
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-        "storybook": "^10.5.4",
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5",
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       }
     },
     "node_modules/@storybook/csf-plugin": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/csf-plugin/-/csf-plugin-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/csf-plugin/-/csf-plugin-10.5.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-DSp5Z/eZlRnKq0KrKLJE6uoYf/Ysc+FP0Z5DVTGnOrie+z3tC0lNi9I4RB++EXkJeUDS9/4dxvJZVSWjhLlXxw==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-/euibhRFqklYCZqUseokojmfYcQpXshVY2QmA1qCuxMz9SzVFD3iSTw+aFLTxpsJGGdcZJk8fnm/rEthLzZ9jA==",
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@@ -3748,7 +3750,7 @@
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-        "storybook": "^10.5.4",
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5",
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         "webpack": "*"
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@@ -3785,14 +3787,14 @@
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     "node_modules/@storybook/react": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/react/-/react-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/react/-/react-10.5.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-tOxfVgbYcaVsArN8XTDkJfdsnsnHh1LxjRHVpJ/N+VEkz4FveK/XH3jOLV0YqgrG8yXza7+CteDP4FfPVQY/mw==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-T2Xj0ey7a9RHU6coYLC0L5lhjcdyhLCs9wNv15FvHvgmrRobkynEV72kq5vGW8tFkahNWI1X9+GZPQ6r8Nm38w==",
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       "license": "MIT",
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         "@storybook/global": "^5.0.0",
-        "@storybook/react-dom-shim": "10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/react-dom-shim": "10.5.5",
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@@ -3805,7 +3807,7 @@
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         "react-dom": "^16.8.0 || ^17.0.0 || ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0",
-        "storybook": "^10.5.4",
+        "storybook": "^10.5.5",
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@@ -3821,9 +3823,9 @@
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     "node_modules/@storybook/react-dom-shim": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/react-dom-shim/-/react-dom-shim-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/react-dom-shim/-/react-dom-shim-10.5.5.tgz",
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@@ -3835,7 +3837,7 @@
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+        "storybook": "^10.5.5"
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@@ -3847,16 +3849,16 @@
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+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@storybook/react-vite/-/react-vite-10.5.4.tgz",
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-        "@storybook/builder-vite": "10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/builder-vite": "10.5.5",
-        "@storybook/react": "10.5.4",
+        "@storybook/react": "10.5.5",
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@@ -3870,7 +3872,7 @@
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@@ -7165,7 +7167,7 @@
       "version": "3.1.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fast-deep-equal/-/fast-deep-equal-3.1.3.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-f3qQ9oQy9j2AhBe/H9VC91wLmKBCCU/gDOnKNAYG5hswO7BLKj09Hc5HYNz9cGI++xlpDCIgDaitVs03ATR84Q==",
-      "devOptional": true,
+      "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT"
     },
     "node_modules/fast-json-patch": {
@@ -7531,9 +7533,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/globals": {
-      "version": "17.7.0",
+      "version": "17.8.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/globals/-/globals-17.7.0.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/globals/-/globals-17.8.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-Czmyns5dUsq4seFBR/Kdydhmo8y9kC79hiSkPn0YcGtNnYWnrgt0vjrSjx9tspoDGWm2CMarffRuLjM4xUz8xg==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Zz/LMDZScFmkakeL2cTHzf+PbWKdpU3uclqkZT7TjDG58j5WPt0PpA+n9uPI24fZtlw07q0OtEi84K+umsRzqQ==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "engines": {
@@ -8525,39 +8527,39 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/jsdom": {
-      "version": "29.1.1",
+      "version": "30.0.1",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/jsdom/-/jsdom-29.1.1.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/jsdom/-/jsdom-30.0.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-ECi4Fi2f7BdJtUKTflYRTiaMxIB0O6zfR1fX0GXpUrf6flp8QIYn1UT20YQqdSOfk2dfkCwS8LAFoJDEppNK5Q==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-52v7mUVUfNQVYYqE1lcdaymWL0njO7lTLUog6ZvW2U5KsbiLk/GnZlVJ+qx0xfNJZ6Gn+KSpPNE52vurbxZwrA==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
-        "@asamuzakjp/css-color": "^5.1.11",
+        "@asamuzakjp/css-color": "^6.0.5",
-        "@asamuzakjp/dom-selector": "^7.1.1",
+        "@asamuzakjp/dom-selector": "^8.3.0",
         "@bramus/specificity": "^2.4.2",
-        "@csstools/css-syntax-patches-for-csstree": "^1.1.3",
+        "@csstools/css-syntax-patches-for-csstree": "^1.1.7",
-        "@exodus/bytes": "^1.15.0",
+        "@exodus/bytes": "^1.15.1",
         "css-tree": "^3.2.1",
         "data-urls": "^7.0.0",
         "decimal.js": "^10.6.0",
         "html-encoding-sniffer": "^6.0.0",
         "is-potential-custom-element-name": "^1.0.1",
-        "lru-cache": "^11.3.5",
+        "lru-cache": "^11.5.2",
         "parse5": "^8.0.1",
         "saxes": "^6.0.0",
         "symbol-tree": "^3.2.4",
-        "tough-cookie": "^6.0.1",
+        "tough-cookie": "^6.0.2",
-        "undici": "^7.25.0",
+        "undici": "^8.9.0",
         "w3c-xmlserializer": "^5.0.0",
         "webidl-conversions": "^8.0.1",
         "whatwg-mimetype": "^5.0.0",
-        "whatwg-url": "^16.0.1",
+        "whatwg-url": "^17.1.0",
         "xml-name-validator": "^5.0.0"
       },
       "engines": {
-        "node": "^20.19.0 || ^22.13.0 || >=24.0.0"
+        "node": "^22.22.2 || ^24.15.0 || >=26.0.0"
       },
       "peerDependencies": {
-        "canvas": "^3.0.0"
+        "canvas": "^3.2.3"
       },
       "peerDependenciesMeta": {
         "canvas": {
@@ -8575,6 +8577,21 @@
         "node": "20 || >=22"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/jsdom/node_modules/whatwg-url": {
+      "version": "17.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/whatwg-url/-/whatwg-url-17.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-3GeworPmc2ZfEEHP7lEbUfBX/L75wdEsi0rLNhXcXxnoN5jyq0SL5gCy06SGW2cyTIZdTvWIDQNQoza++vKeaw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@exodus/bytes": "^1.15.1",
+        "tr46": "^6.0.0",
+        "webidl-conversions": "^8.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "^22.14.0 || >=24.0.0"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/jsesc": {
       "version": "3.1.0",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/jsesc/-/jsesc-3.1.0.tgz",
@@ -10420,7 +10437,7 @@
       "version": "2.0.2",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/require-from-string/-/require-from-string-2.0.2.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-Xf0nWe6RseziFMu+Ap9biiUbmplq6S9/p+7w7YXP/JBHhrUDDUhwa+vANyubuqfZWTveU//DYVGsDG7RKL/vEw==",
-      "devOptional": true,
+      "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "engines": {
         "node": ">=0.10.0"
@@ -10967,9 +10984,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/storybook": {
-      "version": "10.5.4",
+      "version": "10.5.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/storybook/-/storybook-10.5.4.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/storybook/-/storybook-10.5.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-bmLxPsxVSPnbeiZqYQpozyNOiJXfk+pf7WfHZflvPkwT6Y+rvYz3Cj/D6H4Kf2jHpuDNiMXBKO3yawLN2OWirg==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-UscBIBJDloUeqntukHOhP1a5W/vouePDJbzPSxj466WK801FZtzQiMffMtkjzJiWSuj20wfaYlB2QQKh9aOYAg==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
@@ -10989,7 +11006,7 @@
         "recast": "^0.23.5",
         "semver": "^7.7.3",
         "use-sync-external-store": "^1.5.0",
-        "ws": "^8.18.0"
+        "ws": "^8.21.1"
       },
       "bin": {
         "storybook": "dist/bin/dispatcher.js"
@@ -11760,13 +11777,13 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/undici": {
-      "version": "7.29.0",
+      "version": "8.9.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici/-/undici-7.29.0.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/undici/-/undici-8.9.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-IDxfleLmmbSskfWSUATiN1nfn2rDuvnMOqb5CWR92iIfojA0Ud+ulOAAEQ57LPr9rWmsreUyf5lwyao+7GNNVw==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-aWZpUj7XoGonMClx4gdDRfgBjqeA+F473aDmROQQbM9n6PRfK/u1q/a0X4wMTgcHfT8H6fpbt98PFuDUwFg2YA==",
       "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "engines": {
-        "node": ">=20.18.1"
+        "node": ">=22.19.0"
       }
     },
     "node_modules/undici-types": {

frontend/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "3x-ui-frontend",
   "private": true,
-  "version": "0.4.3",
+  "version": "0.6.0",
   "type": "module",
   "description": "3x-ui panel frontend (React 19 + Ant Design 6 + Vite 8).",
   "engines": {
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
     "@ant-design/icons": "^6.3.2",
     "@codemirror/lang-json": "^6.0.2",
     "@codemirror/theme-one-dark": "^6.1.3",
-    "@hookform/resolvers": "^5.4.3",
+    "@hookform/resolvers": "^5.5.7",
     "@noble/hashes": "^2.2.0",
     "@tanstack/react-query": "^5.101.4",
     "@tanstack/react-query-devtools": "^5.101.4",
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@eslint/js": "^10.0.1",
-    "@storybook/addon-a11y": "^10.5.4",
+    "@storybook/addon-a11y": "^10.5.5",
-    "@storybook/addon-docs": "^10.5.4",
+    "@storybook/addon-docs": "^10.5.5",
-    "@storybook/addon-vitest": "^10.5.4",
+    "@storybook/addon-vitest": "^10.5.5",
-    "@storybook/react-vite": "^10.5.4",
+    "@storybook/react-vite": "^10.5.5",
     "@testing-library/dom": "^10.4.1",
     "@testing-library/react": "^16.3.2",
     "@types/react": "^19.2.17",
@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@
     "eslint": "^10.8.0",
     "eslint-plugin-jsx-a11y": "^6.10.2",
     "eslint-plugin-react-hooks": "^7.1.1",
-    "globals": "^17.7.0",
+    "globals": "^17.8.0",
     "husky": "^9.1.7",
-    "jsdom": "^29.1.1",
+    "jsdom": "^30.0.1",
     "lint-staged": "^17.2.0",
     "msw": "^2.15.0",
     "playwright": "^1.62.0",
-    "storybook": "^10.5.4",
+    "storybook": "^10.5.5",
     "typescript": "6.0.3",
     "typescript-eslint": "^8.65.0",
     "vite": "8.1.5",

frontend/public/openapi.json

@@ -270,6 +270,9 @@
           "subRoutingRules": {
             "type": "string"
           },
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+            "type": "boolean"
+          },
           "subSupportUrl": {
             "type": "string"
           },
@@ -441,6 +444,7 @@
           "subPort",
           "subProfileUrl",
           "subRoutingRules",
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
           "subSupportUrl",
           "subThemeDir",
           "subTitle",
@@ -737,6 +741,9 @@
           "subRoutingRules": {
             "type": "string"
           },
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+            "type": "boolean"
+          },
           "subSupportUrl": {
             "type": "string"
           },
@@ -915,6 +922,7 @@
           "subPort",
           "subProfileUrl",
           "subRoutingRules",
+          "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
           "subSupportUrl",
           "subThemeDir",
           "subTitle",
@@ -1860,6 +1868,13 @@
             ],
             "type": "string"
           },
+          "trafficResetDay": {
+            "description": "Day of month for monthly traffic resets",
+            "example": 1,
+            "maximum": 31,
+            "minimum": 1,
+            "type": "integer"
+          },
           "up": {
             "description": "Upload traffic in bytes",
             "format": "int64",
@@ -1886,6 +1901,7 @@
           "tag",
           "total",
           "trafficReset",
+          "trafficResetDay",
           "up"
         ],
         "type": "object"
@@ -3151,6 +3167,7 @@
                       "tag": "in-443-tcp",
                       "total": 0,
                       "trafficReset": "never",
+                      "trafficResetDay": 1,
                       "up": 0
                     }
                   ]
@@ -3963,6 +3980,36 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "/panel/api/openapi.json": {
+      "get": {
+        "tags": [
+          "Server"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Serve this API description as an OpenAPI 3 document — the same file that powers the API Docs page. Requires a session or Bearer token like the rest of /panel/api. Useful for generating clients or importing into API tooling.",
+        "operationId": "get_panel_api_openapi_json",
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "object",
+                  "properties": {
+                    "success": {
+                      "type": "boolean"
+                    },
+                    "msg": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "obj": {}
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "/panel/api/server/status": {
       "get": {
         "tags": [
@@ -5644,7 +5691,7 @@
         "tags": [
           "Clients"
         ],
-        "summary": "Filter, sort, and paginate clients on the server. Each item is a slim row (no uuid/password/auth/flow/security/reverse/tgId) so the clients page can ship 25-ish rows in a few KB instead of the full table. The response also includes a summary computed across the full DB row set so dashboard counters stay stable as the user paginates or filters. Page size capped at 200; fetch /get/:email to obtain the full per-client payload for an edit/info modal.",
+        "summary": "Filter, sort, and paginate clients on the server. Each item is a slim row (no uuid/password/auth/flow/security/reverse/tgId) so the clients page can ship 25-ish rows in a few KB instead of the full table. The response also includes a summary computed across the full DB row set so dashboard counters stay stable as the user paginates or filters: the *Count fields are exact, while the email arrays beside them stop at 200 entries so the payload does not grow with the panel. Page size capped at 200; fetch /get/:email to obtain the full per-client payload for an edit/info modal.",
         "operationId": "get_panel_api_clients_list_paged",
         "parameters": [
           {
@@ -5760,12 +5807,18 @@
                     "summary": {
                       "total": 2000,
                       "active": 1850,
+                      "onlineCount": 1,
+                      "depletedCount": 0,
+                      "expiringCount": 0,
+                      "deactiveCount": 150,
                       "online": [
                         "alice@example.com"
                       ],
                       "depleted": [],
                       "expiring": [],
-                      "deactive": []
+                      "deactive": [
+                        "bob@example.com"
+                      ]
                     }
                   }
                 }
@@ -5816,6 +5869,47 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "/panel/api/clients/get/tgId/{tgId}": {
+      "get": {
+        "tags": [
+          "Clients"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Fetch clients by Telegram user ID. Returns an array since multiple clients can share the same Telegram ID.",
+        "operationId": "get_panel_api_clients_get_tgId_tgId",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tgId",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "description": "Telegram user ID (numeric).",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "integer"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "object",
+                  "properties": {
+                    "success": {
+                      "type": "boolean"
+                    },
+                    "msg": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "obj": {}
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "/panel/api/clients/add": {
       "post": {
         "tags": [
@@ -9681,6 +9775,36 @@
         }
       }
     },
+    "/panel/api/setting/factoryDefaults": {
+      "post": {
+        "tags": [
+          "Settings"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Return the shipped (factory) default value per browser-safe setting key, so clients can tell a stored value apart from the default it would fall back to. Per-install material (secret, panelGuid, mTLS keys) and credential fields are never included.",
+        "operationId": "post_panel_api_setting_factoryDefaults",
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "object",
+                  "properties": {
+                    "success": {
+                      "type": "boolean"
+                    },
+                    "msg": {
+                      "type": "string"
+                    },
+                    "obj": {}
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
     "/panel/api/setting/update": {
       "post": {
         "tags": [

frontend/src/api/http-init.ts

@@ -88,6 +88,28 @@ function encodeForm(data: unknown): string {
   return parts.join('&');
 }
 
+function appendQuery(url: string, query: string): string {
+  if (query === '') return url;
+  const hashIndex = url.indexOf('#');
+  const path = hashIndex === -1 ? url : url.slice(0, hashIndex);
+  const hash = hashIndex === -1 ? '' : url.slice(hashIndex);
+  const hasQuery = path.includes('?');
+  const separator = !hasQuery ? '?' : path.endsWith('?') || path.endsWith('&') ? '' : '&';
+  return `${path}${separator}${query}${hash}`;
+}
+
+function requestSignal(options: HttpRequestOptions): AbortSignal | undefined {
+  if (!options.timeout) return options.signal;
+  const timeout = AbortSignal.timeout(options.timeout);
+  if (!options.signal) return timeout;
+  if (typeof AbortSignal.any === 'function') return AbortSignal.any([options.signal, timeout]);
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const abort = () => controller.abort();
+  options.signal.addEventListener('abort', abort, { once: true });
+  timeout.addEventListener('abort', abort, { once: true });
+  return controller.signal;
+}
+
 async function performFetch(
   method: string,
   url: string,
@@ -121,8 +143,8 @@ async function performFetch(
   }
 
   const query = encodeForm(options.params);
-  const fullUrl = basePathPrefix + url + (query ? `?${query}` : '');
+  const fullUrl = basePathPrefix + appendQuery(url, query);
-  const signal = options.timeout ? AbortSignal.timeout(options.timeout) : options.signal;
+  const signal = requestSignal(options);
 
   return fetch(fullUrl, { method: upper, headers, body, credentials: 'same-origin', signal });
 }

frontend/src/api/queries/useAllSettings.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useMutation, useQuery, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query';
 
 import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@ import { parseMsg } from '@/utils/zodValidate';
 import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
 import { AllSettingSchema, type AllSettingInput } from '@/schemas/setting';
 import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+import { useServerDraft } from '@/hooks/useServerDraft';
 
 type SettingSavePayload = Partial<AllSetting> & Record<string, unknown>;
+type SettingSaveResult = {
+  msg: Msg<unknown>;
+  saved?: AllSetting;
+};
 
 async function fetchAllSetting(): Promise<AllSettingInput | null> {
   const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/all', undefined, { silent: true });
@@ -18,7 +23,6 @@ async function fetchAllSetting(): Promise<AllSettingInput | null> {
 
 export function useAllSettings() {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
-  const [draft, setDraft] = useState<AllSetting>(() => new AllSetting());
   const [extraSpinning, setExtraSpinning] = useState(false);
 
   const query = useQuery({
@@ -28,41 +32,54 @@ export function useAllSettings() {
   });
 
   const server = useMemo(() => new AllSetting(query.data), [query.data]);
-
+  const { draft, setDraft, isDirty, markSaved } = useServerDraft(
-  useEffect(() => {
+    query.data === undefined ? undefined : server,
-    if (query.data !== undefined) {
+    (setting) => new AllSetting(setting),
-      setDraft(new AllSetting(query.data));
+    (left, right) => left.equals(right),
-    }
+  );
-  }, [query.data]);
+  const allSetting = draft ?? server;
 
   const updateSetting = useCallback((patch: Partial<AllSetting>) => {
     setDraft((prev) => {
-      const next = new AllSetting(prev);
+      const next = new AllSetting(prev ?? server);
       Object.assign(next, patch);
       return next;
     });
-  }, []);
+  }, [server, setDraft]);
 
   const saveMut = useMutation({
-    mutationFn: async (next: SettingSavePayload): Promise<Msg<unknown>> => {
+    mutationFn: async ({ payload, saved }: { payload: SettingSavePayload; saved?: AllSetting }): Promise<SettingSaveResult> => {
-      const payload = { ...next };
+      const next = { ...payload };
-      const body = AllSettingSchema.partial().safeParse(payload);
+      const body = AllSettingSchema.partial().safeParse(next);
       if (!body.success) {
         console.warn('[zod] setting/update body failed validation', body.error.issues);
       }
-      return HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/update', body.success ? { ...payload, ...body.data } : payload);
+      const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/update', body.success ? { ...next, ...body.data } : next);
+      return { msg, saved };
     },
-    onSuccess: (msg) => {
+    onSuccess: ({ msg, saved }) => {
-      if (msg?.success) queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.settings.all() });
+      if (!msg?.success) return;
+      if (saved) markSaved(saved);
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.settings.all() });
     },
   });
 
-  const saveAll = useCallback(() => saveMut.mutateAsync({ ...draft }), [saveMut, draft]);
+  const saveAll = useCallback(async () => {
-  const savePayload = useCallback((payload: SettingSavePayload) => saveMut.mutateAsync(payload), [saveMut]);
+    const saved = new AllSetting(allSetting);
-  const saveDisabled = useMemo(() => server.equals(draft), [server, draft]);
+    return (await saveMut.mutateAsync({ payload: { ...saved }, saved })).msg;
+  }, [allSetting, saveMut]);
+  const savePayload = useCallback(
+    async (payload: SettingSavePayload) => {
+      const saved = new AllSetting(allSetting);
+      Object.assign(saved, payload);
+      return (await saveMut.mutateAsync({ payload, saved })).msg;
+    },
+    [allSetting, saveMut],
+  );
+  const saveDisabled = !isDirty;
 
   return {
-    allSetting: draft,
+    allSetting,
     updateSetting,
     fetched: query.data !== undefined,
     spinning: extraSpinning || saveMut.isPending,

frontend/src/api/queries/useFactoryDefaults.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+
+import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { parseMsg } from '@/utils/zodValidate';
+import { FactoryDefaultsSchema, type FactoryDefaults } from '@/schemas/setting';
+import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+
+async function fetchFactoryDefaults(): Promise<FactoryDefaults> {
+  const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/setting/factoryDefaults', undefined, { silent: true });
+  if (!msg?.success) throw new Error(msg?.msg || 'Failed to fetch factory defaults');
+  const validated = parseMsg(msg, FactoryDefaultsSchema, 'setting/factoryDefaults');
+  const parsed = FactoryDefaultsSchema.safeParse(validated.obj);
+  return parsed.success ? parsed.data : {};
+}
+
+export function useFactoryDefaults() {
+  return useQuery({
+    queryKey: keys.settings.factoryDefaults(),
+    queryFn: fetchFactoryDefaults,
+    staleTime: Infinity,
+  });
+}

frontend/src/api/queryKeys.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ export const keys = {
     root: () => ['settings'] as const,
     all: () => ['settings', 'all'] as const,
     defaults: () => ['settings', 'defaults'] as const,
+    factoryDefaults: () => ['settings', 'factoryDefaults'] as const,
   },
   inbounds: {
     root: () => ['inbounds'] as const,

frontend/src/components/clients/ClientTrafficCell.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { memo, useMemo } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Popover, Progress } from 'antd';
 
@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ export interface ClientTrafficCellProps {
   compact?: boolean;
 }
 
-export default function ClientTrafficCell({
+// Every prop is a primitive and the component is pure, so the memo bails out
+// whenever a client's counters did not move — which is most of them on most
+// pushes. Each skipped instance is one antd Popover (rc-trigger), one Progress,
+// a useTranslation subscription and a theme context read, times up to 200 rows.
+const ClientTrafficCell = memo(function ClientTrafficCell({
   up = 0,
   down = 0,
   total = 0,
@@ -83,4 +87,6 @@ export default function ClientTrafficCell({
       </div>
     </Popover>
   );
-}
+});
+
+export default ClientTrafficCell;

frontend/src/components/clients/ConfigBlock.css

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ body.light .config-block .ant-tag.ant-tag-filled.ant-tag-gold {
   color: #874d00;
 }
 
+body.light .config-block-text {
+  color: #595959;
+}
+
 .config-block .ant-collapse-extra {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;

frontend/src/components/form/DateTimePicker.tsx

@@ -121,7 +121,9 @@ export default function DateTimePicker({
     <DatePicker
       value={value}
       onChange={(next) => onChange(next || null)}
+      onCalendarChange={(next) => onChange((Array.isArray(next) ? next[0] : next) || null)}
       showTime={showTime ? { format: 'HH:mm:ss' } : false}
+      needConfirm={false}
       format={format}
       placeholder={placeholder}
       disabled={disabled}

frontend/src/components/ui/DefaultSettingTag.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { Tag } from 'antd';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+
+import { useFactoryDefaults } from '@/api/queries/useFactoryDefaults';
+
+/**
+ * Value semantics on purpose: the tag answers "does this equal the shipped
+ * default?", not "has the user ever saved this key?" — a stored 2096 and a
+ * fallback 2096 behave identically, so they read identically.
+ */
+export function matchesFactoryDefault(current: unknown, factoryDefault: string | undefined): boolean {
+  if (factoryDefault === undefined) return false;
+  if (typeof current === 'number') {
+    const parsed = Number(factoryDefault);
+    return factoryDefault.trim() !== '' && !Number.isNaN(parsed) && parsed === current;
+  }
+  if (typeof current === 'boolean') {
+    if (factoryDefault !== 'true' && factoryDefault !== 'false') return false;
+    return (factoryDefault === 'true') === current;
+  }
+  if (typeof current === 'string') return factoryDefault === current;
+  return false;
+}
+
+interface DefaultSettingTagProps {
+  settingKey: string;
+  value: unknown;
+}
+
+export default function DefaultSettingTag({ settingKey, value }: DefaultSettingTagProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const defaults = useFactoryDefaults();
+
+  if (!matchesFactoryDefault(value, defaults.data?.[settingKey])) return null;
+
+  return <Tag style={{ marginLeft: 8 }}>{t('pages.settings.defaultTag')}</Tag>;
+}

frontend/src/components/ui/SettingListItem.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import './SettingListItem.css';
 interface SettingListItemProps {
   paddings?: 'small' | 'default';
   title?: ReactNode;
+  badge?: ReactNode;
   description?: ReactNode;
   children?: ReactNode;
   control?: ReactNode;
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ interface SettingListItemProps {
 export default function SettingListItem({
   paddings = 'default',
   title,
+  badge,
   description,
   children,
   control,
@@ -28,7 +30,12 @@ export default function SettingListItem({
       <Row gutter={[8, 16]} style={{ width: '100%' }}>
         <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
           <div className="setting-list-meta">
-            {title && <div className="setting-list-title" id={titleId}>{title}</div>}
+            {title && (
+              <div className="setting-list-title">
+                <span id={titleId}>{title}</span>
+                {badge}
+              </div>
+            )}
             {description && <div className="setting-list-description">{description}</div>}
           </div>
         </Col>

frontend/src/components/ui/index.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 export { default as InputAddon } from './InputAddon';
 export { default as InfinityIcon } from './InfinityIcon';
 export { default as SettingListItem } from './SettingListItem';
+export { default as DefaultSettingTag } from './DefaultSettingTag';

frontend/src/components/viz/Sparkline.tsx

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ interface SparklineProps {
   yTickStep?: number;
   tickCountX?: number;
   showTooltip?: boolean;
+  showLegend?: boolean;
   valueMin?: number;
   valueMax?: number | null;
   yFormatter?: (v: number) => string;
@@ -80,13 +81,23 @@ interface SparklineView {
   extremaPoints: ExtremaResult | null;
 }
 
-function hexToRgba(hex: string, alpha: number): string {
+function hexToRgba(color: string, alpha: number): string {
-  let h = hex.trim();
+  const trimmed = color.trim();
+  const fn = trimmed.match(/^rgba?\(([^)]+)\)$/i);
+  if (fn) {
+    const parts = fn[1].split(/[,/]\s*|\s+/).filter(Boolean).map(Number);
+    if (parts.length >= 3 && parts.slice(0, 3).every((n) => Number.isFinite(n))) {
+      const baseAlpha = parts.length > 3 && Number.isFinite(parts[3]) ? parts[3] : 1;
+      return `rgba(${parts[0]}, ${parts[1]}, ${parts[2]}, ${baseAlpha * alpha})`;
+    }
+    return trimmed;
+  }
+  let h = trimmed;
   if (h.startsWith('#')) h = h.slice(1);
   if (h.length === 3) h = h.split('').map((c) => c + c).join('');
-  if (h.length !== 6) return hex;
+  if (h.length !== 6) return trimmed;
   const int = Number.parseInt(h, 16);
-  if (Number.isNaN(int)) return hex;
+  if (Number.isNaN(int)) return trimmed;
   const r = (int >> 16) & 255;
   const g = (int >> 8) & 255;
   const b = int & 255;
@@ -129,6 +140,7 @@ export default function Sparkline(props: SparklineProps) {
     yTickStep = 25,
     tickCountX = 4,
     showTooltip = false,
+    showLegend = true,
     valueMin = 0,
     valueMax = 100,
     yFormatter = (v: number) => `${Math.round(v)}%`,
@@ -542,10 +554,6 @@ export default function Sparkline(props: SparklineProps) {
     );
   }, [points, hasSeries2, hasSeries3, valueMin, valueMax]);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    plotRef.current?.redraw(false);
-  });
-
   useEffect(() => {
     const redraw = () => plotRef.current?.redraw(false);
     const moBody = new MutationObserver(redraw);
@@ -570,7 +578,7 @@ export default function Sparkline(props: SparklineProps) {
           </span>
         </div>
       )}
-      {legendItems.length > 0 && (
+      {showLegend && legendItems.length > 0 && (
         <div className="sparkline-legend" aria-hidden="true">
           {legendItems.map((s) => (
             <span key={s.name} className="extrema-item" style={{ color: s.color }}>● {s.name}</span>

frontend/src/generated/examples.ts

@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ export const EXAMPLES: Record<string, unknown> = {
     "subPort": 1,
     "subProfileUrl": "",
     "subRoutingRules": "",
+    "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": false,
     "subSupportUrl": "",
     "subThemeDir": "",
     "subTitle": "",
@@ -186,6 +187,7 @@ export const EXAMPLES: Record<string, unknown> = {
     "subPort": 1,
     "subProfileUrl": "",
     "subRoutingRules": "",
+    "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": false,
     "subSupportUrl": "",
     "subThemeDir": "",
     "subTitle": "",
@@ -448,6 +450,7 @@ export const EXAMPLES: Record<string, unknown> = {
     "tag": "in-443-tcp",
     "total": 0,
     "trafficReset": "never",
+    "trafficResetDay": 1,
     "up": 0
   },
   "InboundClientIps": {

frontend/src/generated/schemas.ts

@@ -244,6 +244,9 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subRoutingRules": {
         "type": "string"
       },
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+        "type": "boolean"
+      },
       "subSupportUrl": {
         "type": "string"
       },
@@ -415,6 +418,7 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subPort",
       "subProfileUrl",
       "subRoutingRules",
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
       "subSupportUrl",
       "subThemeDir",
       "subTitle",
@@ -711,6 +715,9 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subRoutingRules": {
         "type": "string"
       },
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks": {
+        "type": "boolean"
+      },
       "subSupportUrl": {
         "type": "string"
       },
@@ -889,6 +896,7 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "subPort",
       "subProfileUrl",
       "subRoutingRules",
+      "subShowIdentityOnAllLinks",
       "subSupportUrl",
       "subThemeDir",
       "subTitle",
@@ -1834,6 +1842,13 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
         ],
         "type": "string"
       },
+      "trafficResetDay": {
+        "description": "Day of month for monthly traffic resets",
+        "example": 1,
+        "maximum": 31,
+        "minimum": 1,
+        "type": "integer"
+      },
       "up": {
         "description": "Upload traffic in bytes",
         "format": "int64",
@@ -1860,6 +1875,7 @@ export const SCHEMAS: Record<string, unknown> = {
       "tag",
       "total",
       "trafficReset",
+      "trafficResetDay",
       "up"
     ],
     "type": "object"

frontend/src/generated/types.ts

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ export interface AllSetting {
   subPort: number;
   subProfileUrl: string;
   subRoutingRules: string;
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: boolean;
   subSupportUrl: string;
   subThemeDir: string;
   subTitle: string;
@@ -193,6 +194,7 @@ export interface AllSettingView {
   subPort: number;
   subProfileUrl: string;
   subRoutingRules: string;
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: boolean;
   subSupportUrl: string;
   subThemeDir: string;
   subTitle: string;
@@ -426,6 +428,7 @@ export interface Inbound {
   tag: string;
   total: number;
   trafficReset: string;
+  trafficResetDay: number;
   up: number;
 }
 

frontend/src/generated/zod.ts

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ export const AllSettingSchema = z.object({
   subPort: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),
   subProfileUrl: z.string(),
   subRoutingRules: z.string(),
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: z.boolean(),
   subSupportUrl: z.string(),
   subThemeDir: z.string(),
   subTitle: z.string(),
@@ -206,6 +207,7 @@ export const AllSettingViewSchema = z.object({
   subPort: z.number().int().min(1).max(65535),
   subProfileUrl: z.string(),
   subRoutingRules: z.string(),
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: z.boolean(),
   subSupportUrl: z.string(),
   subThemeDir: z.string(),
   subTitle: z.string(),
@@ -451,6 +453,7 @@ export const InboundSchema = z.object({
   tag: z.string(),
   total: z.number().int(),
   trafficReset: z.enum(['never', 'hourly', 'daily', 'weekly', 'monthly']),
+  trafficResetDay: z.number().int().min(1).max(31),
   up: z.number().int(),
 });
 export type Inbound = z.infer<typeof InboundSchema>;

frontend/src/hooks/useClients.ts

@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@ export interface ClientQueryParams {
 
 const DEFAULT_QUERY: ClientQueryParams = { page: 1, pageSize: 25 };
 const DEFAULT_SUMMARY: ClientsSummary = {
-  total: 0, active: 0, online: [], depleted: [], expiring: [], deactive: [],
+  total: 0, active: 0,
+  onlineCount: 0, depletedCount: 0, expiringCount: 0, deactiveCount: 0,
+  online: [], depleted: [], expiring: [], deactive: [],
 };
 
 export interface ClientSpeedEntry {
@@ -114,7 +116,63 @@ export function computeClientsSummary(
     if (nearExpiry || nearLimit) expiring.push(email);
     else active += 1;
   }
-  return { total: stats.length, active, online, depleted, expiring, deactive };
+  return {
+    total: stats.length,
+    active,
+    onlineCount: online.length,
+    depletedCount: depleted.length,
+    expiringCount: expiring.length,
+    deactiveCount: deactive.length,
+    online,
+    depleted,
+    expiring,
+    deactive,
+  };
+}
+
+export function sameSpeedMap(
+  a: Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>,
+  b: Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>,
+): boolean {
+  const aKeys = Object.keys(a);
+  if (aKeys.length !== Object.keys(b).length) return false;
+  for (const key of aKeys) {
+    const left = a[key];
+    const right = b[key];
+    if (!right || left.up !== right.up || left.down !== right.down) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// The field list computeClientsSummary reads, and deliberately nothing else.
+// lastOnline in particular churns for every online client on every push and no
+// counter depends on it, so including it here would defeat the comparison.
+export function sameSummaryInputs(a: ClientStatRow[], b: ClientStatRow[]): boolean {
+  if (a.length !== b.length) return false;
+  for (let i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
+    const left = a[i];
+    const right = b[i];
+    if (left.email !== right.email
+      || left.up !== right.up
+      || left.down !== right.down
+      || left.total !== right.total
+      || left.enable !== right.enable
+      || left.expiryTime !== right.expiryTime) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+export function pickClientsSummary(
+  serverSummary: ClientsSummary,
+  allClientStats: ClientStatRow[],
+  onlineSet: Set<string>,
+  expireDiffMs: number,
+  trafficDiffBytes: number,
+): ClientsSummary {
+  if (allClientStats.length === 0) return serverSummary;
+  if (serverSummary.total > allClientStats.length) return serverSummary;
+  const live = computeClientsSummary(allClientStats, onlineSet, expireDiffMs, trafficDiffBytes);
+  return { ...live, total: serverSummary.total || live.total };
 }
 
 function buildQS(p: ClientQueryParams): string {
@@ -142,7 +200,7 @@ async function fetchClientPage(params: ClientQueryParams): Promise<ClientPageRes
   const qs = buildQS(params);
   const msg = await HttpUtil.get(`/panel/api/clients/list/paged?${qs}`, undefined, { silent: true });
   if (!msg?.success || !msg.obj) throw new Error(msg?.msg || 'Failed to fetch clients');
-  const validated = parseMsg(msg, ClientPageResponseSchema, 'clients/list/paged');
+  const validated = parseMsg(msg, ClientPageResponseSchema, 'clients/list/paged', { strict: true });
   if (!validated.obj) throw new Error('Empty clients response');
   return validated.obj;
 }
@@ -161,17 +219,31 @@ async function fetchDefaults(): Promise<Record<string, unknown>> {
   return validated.obj || {};
 }
 
-export function useClients() {
+export interface UseClientsOptions {
+  // Callers that only need the mutations — the bulk modals, the groups page —
+  // pass false. Mounting them used to start a second 5-second poll of the paged
+  // list whose result they never read, which on a large panel means a full
+  // summary aggregate every 5 seconds for nothing.
+  list?: boolean;
+}
+
+export function useClients(options: UseClientsOptions = {}) {
+  const withList = options.list ?? true;
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
 
-  const [query, setQueryState] = useState<ClientQueryParams>(DEFAULT_QUERY);
+  // Null until the page has settled on a query. The clients page cannot build
+  // one until the persisted sort and the panel's configured page size are both
+  // known, and fetching before then cost three sequential requests per load —
+  // the first two thrown away (#trace).
+  const [query, setQueryState] = useState<ClientQueryParams | null>(null);
   // setQuery shallow-compares so callers can pass a fresh object every render
   // (the common React pattern) without triggering a re-fetch when nothing
   // actually changed.
   const setQuery = useCallback((next: ClientQueryParams) => {
     setQueryState((prev) => {
       if (
-        prev.page === next.page
+        prev
+        && prev.page === next.page
         && prev.pageSize === next.pageSize
         && (prev.search ?? '') === (next.search ?? '')
         && (prev.filter ?? '') === (next.filter ?? '')
@@ -193,8 +265,9 @@ export function useClients() {
   }, []);
 
   const listQuery = useQuery({
-    queryKey: keys.clients.list(query),
+    queryKey: keys.clients.list(query ?? DEFAULT_QUERY),
-    queryFn: () => fetchClientPage(query),
+    queryFn: () => fetchClientPage(query ?? DEFAULT_QUERY),
+    enabled: withList && query !== null,
     staleTime: Infinity,
     // List is sorted/paged server-side, so the WS patch can't add new or
     // re-sort rows; poll the current page to keep it live (pauses when hidden).
@@ -205,6 +278,7 @@ export function useClients() {
   const inboundOptionsQuery = useQuery({
     queryKey: keys.inbounds.options(),
     queryFn: fetchInboundOptions,
+    enabled: withList,
     staleTime: Infinity,
   });
 
@@ -222,6 +296,7 @@ export function useClients() {
       const validated = parseMsg(msg, OnlinesSchema, 'clients/onlines');
       return Array.isArray(validated.obj) ? validated.obj : [];
     },
+    enabled: withList,
     staleTime: Infinity,
   });
 
@@ -231,7 +306,11 @@ export function useClients() {
   const allGroups = listQuery.data?.groups ?? [];
   const fetched = listQuery.data !== undefined || listQuery.isError;
   const fetchError = listQuery.error ? (listQuery.error as Error).message : '';
-  const loading = listQuery.isFetching;
+  // isFetching is deliberately NOT read here. Touching it makes it a tracked
+  // property, so the 5s refetchInterval notifies twice per cycle — two whole
+  // page renders even when structural sharing leaves the data identical, and
+  // each one bumps rc-table's immutable mark and re-runs every cell renderer.
+  // Callers that want a spinner for an explicit refresh drive it locally.
   // Showing kept-previous data for a new key (filter/sort/page) — drives the
   // table overlay so the 5s background poll doesn't flash it.
   const transitioning = listQuery.isPlaceholderData;
@@ -264,19 +343,18 @@ export function useClients() {
   const expireDiff = ((defaults.expireDiff as number) ?? 0) * 86400000;
   const trafficDiff = ((defaults.trafficDiff as number) ?? 0) * 1073741824;
   const pageSize = (defaults.pageSize as number) ?? 0;
+  // pageSize 0 means "one long page", which is indistinguishable from "the
+  // settings have not arrived yet" — so callers need this flag to know when the
+  // configured page size is real. isFetched (not isSuccess) so a failed
+  // settings request still lets the page fall back and render.
+  const settingsReady = defaultsQuery.isFetched;
 
-  // Live summary: the client_stats WS event refreshes allClientStats every few
-  // seconds, so the top counters track reality without a page refresh. Falls
-  // back to the server-computed summary until the first event lands, and keeps
-  // the server's authoritative total for the headline count.
   const [allClientStats, setAllClientStats] = useState<ClientStatRow[]>([]);
   const [clientSpeed, setClientSpeed] = useState<Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry>>({});
-  const summary = useMemo<ClientsSummary>(() => {
+  const summary = useMemo<ClientsSummary>(
-    const serverSummary = listQuery.data?.summary ?? DEFAULT_SUMMARY;
+    () => pickClientsSummary(listQuery.data?.summary ?? DEFAULT_SUMMARY, allClientStats, new Set(onlines), expireDiff, trafficDiff),
-    if (allClientStats.length === 0) return serverSummary;
+    [allClientStats, onlines, expireDiff, trafficDiff, listQuery.data?.summary],
-    const live = computeClientsSummary(allClientStats, new Set(onlines), expireDiff, trafficDiff);
+  );
-    return { ...live, total: serverSummary.total || live.total };
-  }, [allClientStats, onlines, expireDiff, trafficDiff, listQuery.data?.summary]);
 
   const invalidateAll = useCallback(
     () => {
@@ -558,15 +636,23 @@ export function useClients() {
       queryClient.setQueryData(keys.clients.onlines(), p.onlineClients);
     }
     if (Array.isArray(p.clientTraffics)) {
+      // Xray reports a row per client whether or not it moved a byte, so most of
+      // this map used to be zeros. A missing entry and a zero entry render
+      // identically (isActiveSpeed treats both as inactive), so the zeros are
+      // dropped and an unchanged result returns the previous object — which lets
+      // React bail out of the update instead of re-rendering the table.
       const next: Record<string, ClientSpeedEntry> = {};
       for (const ct of p.clientTraffics) {
         if (!ct || !ct.email) continue;
+        const up = ct.up || 0;
+        const down = ct.down || 0;
+        if (up === 0 && down === 0) continue;
         next[ct.email] = {
-          up: (ct.up || 0) / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
+          up: up / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
-          down: (ct.down || 0) / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
+          down: down / TRAFFIC_POLL_INTERVAL_S,
         };
       }
-      setClientSpeed(next);
+      setClientSpeed((prev) => (sameSpeedMap(prev, next) ? prev : next));
     }
   }, [queryClient]);
 
@@ -574,12 +660,17 @@ export function useClients() {
     if (!payload || typeof payload !== 'object') return;
     const p = payload as { clients?: ClientStatRow[]; snapshot?: boolean };
     if (!Array.isArray(p.clients) || p.clients.length === 0) return;
-    if (p.snapshot !== false) setAllClientStats(p.clients);
+    if (p.snapshot !== false) {
+      const rows = p.clients;
+      setAllClientStats((prev) => (sameSummaryInputs(prev, rows) ? prev : rows));
+    }
+    const active = queryRef.current;
+    if (!active) return;
     const byEmail = new Map<string, ClientTraffic>();
     for (const row of p.clients) {
       if (row && row.email) byEmail.set(row.email, row);
     }
-    queryClient.setQueryData<ClientPageResponse>(keys.clients.list(queryRef.current), (prev) => {
+    queryClient.setQueryData<ClientPageResponse>(keys.clients.list(active), (prev) => {
       if (!prev) return prev;
       let touched = false;
       const next = prev.items.slice();
@@ -617,7 +708,6 @@ export function useClients() {
     setQuery,
     inbounds,
     onlines,
-    loading,
     transitioning,
     fetched,
     fetchError,
@@ -627,6 +717,7 @@ export function useClients() {
     expireDiff,
     trafficDiff,
     pageSize,
+    settingsReady,
     refresh,
     create,
     bulkCreate,

frontend/src/hooks/useServerDraft.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+
+export function useServerDraft<T>(server: T | undefined, clone: (value: T) => T, equals: (left: T, right: T) => boolean) {
+  const cloneRef = useRef(clone);
+  const equalsRef = useRef(equals);
+  cloneRef.current = clone;
+  equalsRef.current = equals;
+
+  const [draft, setDraft] = useState<T | undefined>();
+  const [baseline, setBaseline] = useState<T | undefined>();
+  const draftRef = useRef(draft);
+  const baselineRef = useRef(baseline);
+  draftRef.current = draft;
+  baselineRef.current = baseline;
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (server === undefined) return;
+    const currentDraft = draftRef.current;
+    const currentBaseline = baselineRef.current;
+    const isDirty = currentDraft !== undefined
+      && (currentBaseline === undefined || !equalsRef.current(currentDraft, currentBaseline));
+    setBaseline(server);
+    if (isDirty && !equalsRef.current(currentDraft, server)) return;
+    setDraft(cloneRef.current(server));
+  }, [server]);
+
+  const markSaved = useCallback((value: T) => {
+    setBaseline(cloneRef.current(value));
+  }, []);
+
+  const isDirty = useMemo(
+    () => draft !== undefined && (baseline === undefined || !equalsRef.current(draft, baseline)),
+    [baseline, draft],
+  );
+
+  return { draft, setDraft, isDirty, markSaved };
+}

frontend/src/hooks/useTheme.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { createContext, useCallback, useContext, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { createContext, useCallback, useContext, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
 import { theme as antdTheme } from 'antd';
 import type { ThemeConfig } from 'antd';
@@ -13,14 +13,18 @@ function readBool(key: string, fallback: boolean): boolean {
 }
 
 function applyDom(isDark: boolean, isUltra: boolean) {
-  document.body.setAttribute('class', isDark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+  document.body.classList.remove('dark', 'light');
+  document.body.classList.add(isDark ? 'dark' : 'light');
   if (isUltra) {
     document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'ultra-dark');
   } else {
     document.documentElement.removeAttribute('data-theme');
   }
   const msg = document.getElementById('message');
-  if (msg) msg.className = isDark ? 'dark' : 'light';
+  if (msg) {
+    msg.classList.remove('dark', 'light');
+    msg.classList.add(isDark ? 'dark' : 'light');
+  }
 }
 
 // module load so the document is in the right theme before React mounts.
@@ -92,9 +96,24 @@ const LIGHT_BUTTON_TOKENS = {
   colorPrimaryActive: '#073ea8',
 };
 
+// hashed:false drops the `:where(.css-<hash>)` wrapper antd puts around every
+// rule. It costs nothing in specificity — `:where()` contributes zero, so the
+// panel's own `.ant-*` overrides still win — and it removes roughly 5,700
+// wrappers, 16% of the generated stylesheet, from what the browser has to parse.
+//
+// cssVar.key pins the CSS-variable scope. Every panel page mounts its own
+// ConfigProvider (there is no root one), and without a fixed key each mints a
+// fresh useId-derived scope, so navigating re-serialises and re-injects the whole
+// token block under a new class instead of reusing the one already in the head.
+const SHARED_STYLE_CONFIG = {
+  hashed: false,
+  cssVar: { key: 'xui' },
+} as const;
+
 export function buildAntdThemeConfig(isDark: boolean, isUltra: boolean): ThemeConfig {
   if (!isDark) {
     return {
+      ...SHARED_STYLE_CONFIG,
       algorithm: antdTheme.defaultAlgorithm,
       token: LIGHT_CONTRAST_TOKENS,
       components: {
@@ -104,6 +123,7 @@ export function buildAntdThemeConfig(isDark: boolean, isUltra: boolean): ThemeCo
     };
   }
   return {
+    ...SHARED_STYLE_CONFIG,
     algorithm: antdTheme.darkAlgorithm,
     token: isUltra ? ULTRA_DARK_TOKENS : DARK_TOKENS,
     components: {
@@ -142,7 +162,7 @@ export function ThemeProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
   const [isDark, setIsDark] = useState<boolean>(initialDark);
   const [isUltra, setIsUltra] = useState<boolean>(initialUltra);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
     applyDom(isDark, isUltra);
     localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_DARK, String(isDark));
     localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_ULTRA, String(isUltra));

frontend/src/hooks/useXraySetting.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import {
   type OutboundTrafficRow,
 } from '@/schemas/xray';
 
-const DIRTY_POLL_MS = 1000;
 const DEFAULT_TEST_URL = 'https://www.google.com/generate_204';
 // One HTTP-mode batch request tests this many outbounds through a single
 // shared temp xray instance; chunking keeps responses bounded (~30s worst
@@ -22,6 +21,10 @@ const DEFAULT_TEST_URL = 'https://www.google.com/generate_204';
 // results progressively.
 const HTTP_BATCH_CHUNK = 16;
 
+function normalizeOutboundTestUrl(url: string) {
+  return url || DEFAULT_TEST_URL;
+}
+
 export function isUdpOutbound(outbound: unknown): boolean {
   const o = outbound as { protocol?: string; streamSettings?: { network?: string } } | null | undefined;
   const p = o?.protocol;
@@ -125,10 +128,11 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
     staleTime: Infinity,
   });
 
-  const [saveDisabled, setSaveDisabled] = useState(true);
   const [xraySetting, setXraySettingState] = useState('');
   const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettingsState] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(null);
   const [outboundTestUrl, setOutboundTestUrlState] = useState(DEFAULT_TEST_URL);
+  const [savedXraySetting, setSavedXraySetting] = useState('');
+  const [savedOutboundTestUrl, setSavedOutboundTestUrl] = useState(DEFAULT_TEST_URL);
   const [inboundTags, setInboundTags] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [clientReverseTags, setClientReverseTags] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [subscriptionOutbounds, setSubscriptionOutbounds] = useState<unknown[]>([]);
@@ -139,38 +143,40 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
   const [subscriptionTestStates, setSubscriptionTestStates] = useState<Record<string, OutboundTestState>>({});
   const [testingAll, setTestingAll] = useState(false);
 
-  const oldXraySettingRef = useRef('');
-  const oldOutboundTestUrlRef = useRef('');
   const syncingRef = useRef(false);
   const xraySettingRef = useRef('');
   const outboundTestUrlRef = useRef(outboundTestUrl);
+  const savedXraySettingRef = useRef(savedXraySetting);
+  const savedOutboundTestUrlRef = useRef(savedOutboundTestUrl);
   const templateSettingsRef = useRef<XraySettingsValue | null>(null);
   const subscriptionOutboundsRef = useRef<unknown[]>([]);
 
   xraySettingRef.current = xraySetting;
   outboundTestUrlRef.current = outboundTestUrl;
+  savedXraySettingRef.current = savedXraySetting;
+  savedOutboundTestUrlRef.current = savedOutboundTestUrl;
   templateSettingsRef.current = templateSettings;
   subscriptionOutboundsRef.current = subscriptionOutbounds;
 
-  // Seed local editor state from the config query. Runs on first fetch and
-  // every time the query refetches (e.g. after a successful save).
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!configQuery.data) return;
     const obj = configQuery.data;
     const pretty = JSON.stringify(obj.xraySetting, null, 2);
-    syncingRef.current = true;
+    const nextUrl = normalizeOutboundTestUrl(obj.outboundTestUrl || '');
-    setXraySettingState(pretty);
-    setTemplateSettingsState(obj.xraySetting);
-    oldXraySettingRef.current = pretty;
-    syncingRef.current = false;
     setInboundTags(obj.inboundTags || []);
     setClientReverseTags(obj.clientReverseTags || []);
     setSubscriptionOutbounds(obj.subscriptionOutbounds || []);
     setSubscriptionOutboundTags(obj.subscriptionOutboundTags || []);
-    const nextUrl = obj.outboundTestUrl || DEFAULT_TEST_URL;
+    const isDirty = savedXraySettingRef.current !== xraySettingRef.current
+      || savedOutboundTestUrlRef.current !== normalizeOutboundTestUrl(outboundTestUrlRef.current);
+    if (isDirty) return;
+    syncingRef.current = true;
+    setXraySettingState(pretty);
+    setTemplateSettingsState(obj.xraySetting);
+    setSavedXraySetting(pretty);
+    syncingRef.current = false;
     setOutboundTestUrlState(nextUrl);
-    oldOutboundTestUrlRef.current = nextUrl;
+    setSavedOutboundTestUrl(nextUrl);
-    setSaveDisabled(true);
   }, [configQuery.data]);
 
   const fetched = configQuery.data !== undefined || configQuery.isError;
@@ -220,7 +226,7 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
   const saveMut = useMutation({
     mutationFn: async () => {
       const sentXraySetting = xraySettingRef.current;
-      const sentTestUrl = outboundTestUrlRef.current || DEFAULT_TEST_URL;
+      const sentTestUrl = normalizeOutboundTestUrl(outboundTestUrlRef.current);
       const msg = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/xray/update', {
         xraySetting: sentXraySetting,
         outboundTestUrl: sentTestUrl,
@@ -229,9 +235,8 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
     },
     onSuccess: ({ msg, sentXraySetting, sentTestUrl }) => {
       if (!msg?.success) return;
-      oldXraySettingRef.current = sentXraySetting;
+      setSavedXraySetting(sentXraySetting);
-      oldOutboundTestUrlRef.current = sentTestUrl;
+      setSavedOutboundTestUrl(sentTestUrl);
-      setSaveDisabled(true);
       queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.xray.config() });
     },
   });
@@ -425,14 +430,8 @@ export function useXraySetting(): UseXraySettingResult {
     }
   }, [testingAll, testOutbound, testSubscriptionOutbound, postOutboundTestBatch]);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
+  const saveDisabled = savedXraySetting === xraySetting
-    const timer = window.setInterval(() => {
+    && savedOutboundTestUrl === normalizeOutboundTestUrl(outboundTestUrl);
-      const dirtyXray = oldXraySettingRef.current !== xraySettingRef.current;
-      const dirtyUrl = oldOutboundTestUrlRef.current !== outboundTestUrlRef.current;
-      setSaveDisabled(!(dirtyXray || dirtyUrl));
-    }, DIRTY_POLL_MS);
-    return () => window.clearInterval(timer);
-  }, []);
 
   const outboundsTraffic = useMemo(() => trafficQuery.data ?? [], [trafficQuery.data]);
 

frontend/src/layouts/AppSidebar.css

@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+.ant-sidebar {
+  flex: 0 0 var(--sider-rail, 72px);
+  width: var(--sider-rail, 72px);
+  position: relative;
+  z-index: 210;
+}
+
 .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider {
   position: sticky;
   top: 0;
@@ -5,6 +12,16 @@
   align-self: flex-start;
 }
 
+.ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider:not(.ant-layout-sider-collapsed) {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
+}
+
+.sider-nav .ant-menu-item .anticon,
+.sider-nav .ant-menu-submenu-title .anticon,
+.sider-utility .ant-menu-item .anticon {
+  font-size: 16px;
+}
+
 .sider-brand,
 .drawer-brand {
   font-weight: 600;
@@ -18,16 +35,12 @@
   align-items: center;
   justify-content: space-between;
   gap: 8px;
-  padding: 14px 16px 14px 24px;
+  height: 58px;
+  padding: 0 16px 0 24px;
   border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ant-color-border-secondary);
   user-select: none;
-}
+  white-space: nowrap;
-
+  overflow: hidden;
-.sider-brand-collapsed {
-  justify-content: center;
-  font-size: 16px;
-  padding: 14px 4px;
-  letter-spacing: 0;
 }
 
 .brand-block {
@@ -37,10 +50,6 @@
   line-height: 1.1;
 }
 
-.sider-brand-collapsed .brand-block {
-  flex: 0 0 auto;
-}
-
 .brand-actions {
   display: inline-flex;
   align-items: center;
@@ -246,11 +255,6 @@
   outline: none;
 }
 
-.sider-version.is-collapsed {
-  justify-content: center;
-  padding: 8px 0;
-}
-
 .drawer-footer {
   flex: 0 0 auto;
   padding: 8px 8px 12px;
@@ -261,8 +265,7 @@
     display: inline-flex;
   }
 
-  .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider .ant-layout-sider-children,
+  .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider .ant-layout-sider-children {
-  .ant-sidebar > .ant-layout-sider .ant-layout-sider-trigger {
     display: none;
   }
 
@@ -272,6 +275,11 @@
     min-width: 0 !important;
     width: 0 !important;
   }
+
+  .ant-sidebar {
+    flex: 0 0 0;
+    width: 0;
+  }
 }
 
 body.dark .ant-drawer-content,

frontend/src/layouts/AppSidebar.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
-import type { ComponentType } from 'react';
+import type { ComponentType, CSSProperties } from 'react';
 import { useLocation, useNavigate } from 'react-router';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Drawer, Layout, Menu } from 'antd';
@@ -39,11 +39,14 @@ import { pauseAnimationsUntilLeave, useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
 import { useAllSettings } from '@/api/queries/useAllSettings';
 import './AppSidebar.css';
 
-const SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED_KEY = 'isSidebarCollapsed';
 const DONATE_URL = 'https://donate.sanaei.dev/';
 const DOCS_URL = 'https://docs.sanaei.dev/';
 const REPO_URL = 'https://github.com/MHSanaei/3x-ui';
 const LOGOUT_KEY = '__logout__';
+const RAIL_WIDTH = 72;
+const railStyle = { '--sider-rail': `${RAIL_WIDTH}px` } as CSSProperties;
+
+let hoveredAcrossRemounts = false;
 
 type IconName = 'dashboard' | 'inbound' | 'team' | 'groups' | 'setting' | 'tool' | 'cluster' | 'hosts' | 'logout' | 'apidocs' | 'outbound' | 'routing';
 
@@ -62,14 +65,6 @@ const iconByName: Record<IconName, ComponentType> = {
   routing: SwapOutlined,
 };
 
-function readCollapsed(): boolean {
-  try {
-    return JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED_KEY) || 'false');
-  } catch {
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-
 function DonateButton({ ariaLabel }: { ariaLabel: string }) {
   return (
     <a
@@ -108,7 +103,7 @@ function VersionBadge({ version, collapsed }: { version: string; collapsed?: boo
       href={REPO_URL}
       target="_blank"
       rel="noopener noreferrer"
-      className={`sider-version${collapsed ? ' is-collapsed' : ''}`}
+      className="sider-version"
       aria-label={`GitHub ${label}`}
       title={label}
     >
@@ -148,8 +143,23 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
   const { allSetting } = useAllSettings();
   const showSubFormats = !!(allSetting.subJsonEnable || allSetting.subClashEnable);
 
-  const [collapsed, setCollapsed] = useState<boolean>(() => readCollapsed());
+  const [hovered, setHovered] = useState(() => hoveredAcrossRemounts);
   const [drawerOpen, setDrawerOpen] = useState(false);
+  const railCollapsed = !hovered;
+  const rootRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+
+  const updateHovered = useCallback((value: boolean) => {
+    hoveredAcrossRemounts = value;
+    setHovered(value);
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const timer = window.setTimeout(() => {
+      const el = rootRef.current;
+      if (el) updateHovered(el.matches(':hover'));
+    }, 150);
+    return () => window.clearTimeout(timer);
+  }, [updateHovered]);
 
   const currentTheme: 'light' | 'dark' = isDark ? 'dark' : 'light';
   const panelVersion = window.X_UI_CUR_VER || '';
@@ -218,7 +228,7 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
       if (tab.key === '/xray') {
         return { key: tab.key, icon: <Icon />, label: tab.title, children: xrayChildren };
       }
-      return { key: tab.key, icon: <Icon />, label: tab.title };
+      return { key: tab.key, icon: <Icon />, label: tab.title, title: '' };
     }),
   [settingsChildren, xrayChildren]);
 
@@ -235,13 +245,6 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
     openLink(String(key));
   }, [openLink]);
 
-  const onSiderCollapse = useCallback((isCollapsed: boolean, type: 'clickTrigger' | 'responsive') => {
-    if (type === 'clickTrigger') {
-      localStorage.setItem(SIDEBAR_COLLAPSED_KEY, String(isCollapsed));
-      setCollapsed(isCollapsed);
-    }
-  }, []);
-
   const cycleTheme = useCallback((id: string) => {
     pauseAnimationsUntilLeave(id);
     if (!isDark) {
@@ -256,20 +259,24 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
   }, [isDark, isUltra, toggleTheme, toggleUltra]);
 
   return (
-    <div className="ant-sidebar">
+    <div
+      ref={rootRef}
+      className="ant-sidebar"
+      style={railStyle}
+      onMouseEnter={() => updateHovered(true)}
+      onMouseLeave={() => updateHovered(false)}
+    >
       <Layout.Sider
         theme={currentTheme}
         width={220}
-        collapsible
+        collapsedWidth={RAIL_WIDTH}
-        collapsed={collapsed}
+        collapsed={railCollapsed}
-        breakpoint="md"
-        onCollapse={onSiderCollapse}
       >
-        <div className={`sider-brand${collapsed ? ' sider-brand-collapsed' : ''}`}>
+        <div className="sider-brand">
           <div className="brand-block">
-            <span className="brand-text">{collapsed ? '3X' : '3X-UI'}</span>
+            <span className="brand-text">{railCollapsed ? '3X' : '3X-UI'}</span>
           </div>
-          {!collapsed && (
+          {!railCollapsed && (
             <div className="brand-actions">
               <DocsButton ariaLabel={t('menu.docs') || 'Documentation'} />
               <DonateButton ariaLabel={t('menu.donate') || 'Donate'} />
@@ -287,7 +294,7 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
           theme={currentTheme}
           mode="inline"
           selectedKeys={[selectedKey]}
-          openKeys={collapsed ? undefined : openKeys}
+          openKeys={railCollapsed ? undefined : openKeys}
           onOpenChange={(keys) => setOpenKeys(keys as string[])}
           className="sider-nav"
           items={toMenuItems(navItems)}
@@ -302,7 +309,7 @@ export default function AppSidebar() {
           onClick={onMenuClick}
         />
         <div className="sider-footer">
-          <VersionBadge version={panelVersion} collapsed={collapsed} />
+          <VersionBadge version={panelVersion} collapsed={railCollapsed} />
         </div>
       </Layout.Sider>
 

frontend/src/lib/xray/inbound-form-adapter.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ export interface RawInboundRow {
   enable?: boolean;
   expiryTime?: number;
   trafficReset?: string;
+  trafficResetDay?: number;
   lastTrafficResetTime?: number;
   nodeId?: number | null;
   shareAddrStrategy?: string;
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ export interface WireInboundPayload {
   enable: boolean;
   expiryTime: number;
   trafficReset: TrafficReset;
+  trafficResetDay: number;
   lastTrafficResetTime: number;
   listen: string;
   port: number;
@@ -202,6 +204,7 @@ export function rawInboundToFormValues(row: RawInboundRow): InboundFormValues {
     down: row.down ?? 0,
     total: row.total ?? 0,
     trafficReset: coerceTrafficReset(row.trafficReset),
+    trafficResetDay: Math.min(31, Math.max(1, row.trafficResetDay ?? 1)),
     lastTrafficResetTime: row.lastTrafficResetTime ?? 0,
     nodeId: row.nodeId ?? null,
     shareAddrStrategy: coerceShareAddrStrategy(row.shareAddrStrategy),
@@ -344,6 +347,7 @@ export function formValuesToWirePayload(values: InboundFormValues): WireInboundP
     enable: values.enable,
     expiryTime: values.expiryTime,
     trafficReset: values.trafficReset,
+    trafficResetDay: values.trafficResetDay,
     lastTrafficResetTime: values.lastTrafficResetTime,
     listen: values.listen,
     port: values.port,

frontend/src/lib/xray/inbound-link.ts

@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ function xhttpHostFallback(xhttp: XHttpStreamSettings | undefined): string {
 // Pull the bidirectional SplitHTTPConfig fields out of xhttp into a
 // compact extra payload. Server-only fields (noSSEHeader, scMaxBufferedPosts,
 // scStreamUpServerSecs, serverMaxHeaderBytes) are excluded — the client
-// reading the share link wouldn't honor them. Mirrors the legacy
+// reading the share link wouldn't honor them.
-// Inbound.buildXhttpExtra exactly so the shadow link snapshots line up.
 function buildXhttpExtra(xhttp: XHttpStreamSettings | undefined): Record<string, unknown> | null {
   if (!xhttp) return null;
   const extra: Record<string, unknown> = {};
@@ -85,6 +84,15 @@ function buildXhttpExtra(xhttp: XHttpStreamSettings | undefined): Record<string,
     const v = xhttp[k];
     if (typeof v === 'string' && v.length > 0 && v !== coreDefaults[k]) extra[k] = v;
   }
+  // xray-core #6258 renamed these fields, but older clients still read the
+  // legacy names from share-link extra. Emit both names so one link works
+  // across old and new clients while the stored panel config stays canonical.
+  if (typeof extra.sessionIDPlacement === 'string') {
+    extra.sessionPlacement = extra.sessionIDPlacement;
+  }
+  if (typeof extra.sessionIDKey === 'string') {
+    extra.sessionKey = extra.sessionIDKey;
+  }
 
   // Headers on the wire are a record; emit them as a map upstream's
   // SplitHTTPConfig.headers expects, dropping Host (already on the URL).

frontend/src/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize.ts

@@ -104,6 +104,63 @@ export function validateRealityTarget(target: string): string | undefined {
   return undefined;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Parses a REALITY client-version string the way xray-core's config loader
+ * does: one to three dot-separated numeric parts, each 0-255. Returns the
+ * parts padded to three entries, or undefined when the string is not a valid
+ * version.
+ */
+export function parseRealityClientVer(value: string): [number, number, number] | undefined {
+  const trimmed = value.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) return undefined;
+  const parts = trimmed.split('.');
+  if (parts.length > 3) return undefined;
+  const nums: number[] = [];
+  for (const part of parts) {
+    if (!/^\d+$/.test(part)) return undefined;
+    const n = Number(part);
+    if (n > 255) return undefined;
+    nums.push(n);
+  }
+  while (nums.length < 3) nums.push(0);
+  return nums as [number, number, number];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates a REALITY client-version field; empty means "not set" and is
+ * valid. The value is saved exactly as typed and xray-core's part parser
+ * accepts no surrounding whitespace, so a value that differs from its
+ * trimmed form is rejected rather than silently passed to the wire.
+ */
+export function validateRealityClientVer(value: string): string | undefined {
+  if (!value) return undefined;
+  if (value !== value.trim() || !parseRealityClientVer(value)) {
+    return 'pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid';
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validates the max client-version field: format first, then that a non-empty
+ * max is not below a non-empty min (an inverted range rejects every client).
+ * An empty or malformed min is left to the min field's own validation.
+ */
+export function validateRealityMaxClientVer(max: string, min: string): string | undefined {
+  const formatError = validateRealityClientVer(max);
+  if (formatError) return formatError;
+  const maxParts = parseRealityClientVer(max);
+  const minParts = parseRealityClientVer(min);
+  if (!maxParts || !minParts) return undefined;
+  for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    if (maxParts[i] !== minParts[i]) {
+      return maxParts[i] < minParts[i]
+        ? 'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin'
+        : undefined;
+    }
+  }
+  return undefined;
+}
+
 function liftLegacyXhttpSessionKeys(obj: Record<string, unknown>): void {
   const lift = (legacy: string, renamed: string) => {
     const v = obj[legacy];

frontend/src/models/dbinbound.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ export type DBInboundInit = Partial<{
     enable: boolean;
     expiryTime: number;
     trafficReset: string;
+    trafficResetDay: number;
     lastTrafficResetTime: number;
     listen: string;
     port: number;
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ export class DBInbound {
     enable: boolean;
     expiryTime: number;
     trafficReset: string;
+    trafficResetDay: number;
     lastTrafficResetTime: number;
 
     listen: string;
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ export class DBInbound {
         this.enable = true;
         this.expiryTime = 0;
         this.trafficReset = "never";
+        this.trafficResetDay = 1;
         this.lastTrafficResetTime = 0;
 
         this.listen = "";

frontend/src/models/setting.ts

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ export class AllSetting {
   expireDiff = 0;
   trafficDiff = 0;
   remarkTemplate = '{{INBOUND}}-{{EMAIL}}|📊{{TRAFFIC_LEFT}}|⏳{{DAYS_LEFT}}D';
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks = false;
   datepicker: 'gregorian' | 'jalalian' = 'gregorian';
   tgBotEnable = false;
   tgBotToken = '';
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ export class AllSetting {
   ldapDefaultTotalGB = 0;
   ldapDefaultExpiryDays = 0;
   ldapDefaultLimitIP = 0;
-  tgEnabledEvents = '';
+  tgEnabledEvents = 'login.attempt,cpu.high';
   smtpEnable = false;
   smtpHost = '';
   smtpPort = 587;
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ export class AllSetting {
   smtpFromName = '';
   smtpTo = '';
   smtpEncryptionType = 'starttls';
-  smtpEnabledEvents = '';
+  smtpEnabledEvents = 'login.attempt,cpu.high';
   smtpCpu = 80;
   smtpMemory = 80;
   outboundDownThreshold = 3;

frontend/src/models/status.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import { NumberFormatter } from '@/utils';
 
+export const USAGE_WARN_PERCENT = 80;
+export const USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT = 90;
+export const USAGE_WARN_COLOR = '#faad14';
+export const USAGE_CRIT_COLOR = '#ff4d4f';
+
 export class CurTotal {
   current: number;
   total: number;
@@ -16,9 +21,9 @@ export class CurTotal {
 
   get color(): string {
     const p = this.percent;
-    if (p < 80) return '#1677ff';
+    if (p < USAGE_WARN_PERCENT) return '#1677ff';
-    if (p < 90) return '#faad14';
+    if (p < USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT) return USAGE_WARN_COLOR;
-    return '#ff4d4f';
+    return USAGE_CRIT_COLOR;
   }
 }
 

frontend/src/pages/api-docs/endpoints.ts

@@ -254,6 +254,11 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
     description:
       'System status, log retrieval, certificate generators, Xray binary management, and backup/restore. All under /panel/api/server.',
     endpoints: [
+      {
+        method: 'GET',
+        path: '/panel/api/openapi.json',
+        summary: 'Serve this API description as an OpenAPI 3 document — the same file that powers the API Docs page. Requires a session or Bearer token like the rest of /panel/api. Useful for generating clients or importing into API tooling.',
+      },
       {
         method: 'GET',
         path: '/panel/api/server/status',
@@ -559,7 +564,7 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
       {
         method: 'GET',
         path: '/panel/api/clients/list/paged',
-        summary: 'Filter, sort, and paginate clients on the server. Each item is a slim row (no uuid/password/auth/flow/security/reverse/tgId) so the clients page can ship 25-ish rows in a few KB instead of the full table. The response also includes a summary computed across the full DB row set so dashboard counters stay stable as the user paginates or filters. Page size capped at 200; fetch /get/:email to obtain the full per-client payload for an edit/info modal.',
+        summary: 'Filter, sort, and paginate clients on the server. Each item is a slim row (no uuid/password/auth/flow/security/reverse/tgId) so the clients page can ship 25-ish rows in a few KB instead of the full table. The response also includes a summary computed across the full DB row set so dashboard counters stay stable as the user paginates or filters: the *Count fields are exact, while the email arrays beside them stop at 200 entries so the payload does not grow with the panel. Page size capped at 200; fetch /get/:email to obtain the full per-client payload for an edit/info modal.',
         params: [
           { name: 'page', in: 'query', type: 'number', desc: '1-indexed page number. Defaults to 1.' },
           { name: 'pageSize', in: 'query', type: 'number', desc: 'Rows per page. Defaults to 25, capped at 200.' },
@@ -570,7 +575,7 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
           { name: 'order', in: 'query', type: 'string', desc: 'ascend or descend.' },
         ],
         response:
-          '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": {\n    "items": [\n      {\n        "email": "alice@example.com",\n        "subId": "abcd1234",\n        "enable": true,\n        "totalGB": 53687091200,\n        "expiryTime": 1735689600000,\n        "limitIp": 0,\n        "reset": 0,\n        "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n        "traffic": { "up": 1024, "down": 4096, "enable": true },\n        "createdAt": 1735000000000,\n        "updatedAt": 1735100000000\n      }\n    ],\n    "total": 2000,\n    "filtered": 47,\n    "page": 1,\n    "pageSize": 25,\n    "summary": {\n      "total": 2000,\n      "active": 1850,\n      "online": ["alice@example.com"],\n      "depleted": [],\n      "expiring": [],\n      "deactive": []\n    }\n  }\n}',
+          '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": {\n    "items": [\n      {\n        "email": "alice@example.com",\n        "subId": "abcd1234",\n        "enable": true,\n        "totalGB": 53687091200,\n        "expiryTime": 1735689600000,\n        "limitIp": 0,\n        "reset": 0,\n        "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n        "traffic": { "up": 1024, "down": 4096, "enable": true },\n        "createdAt": 1735000000000,\n        "updatedAt": 1735100000000\n      }\n    ],\n    "total": 2000,\n    "filtered": 47,\n    "page": 1,\n    "pageSize": 25,\n    "summary": {\n      "total": 2000,\n      "active": 1850,\n      "onlineCount": 1,\n      "depletedCount": 0,\n      "expiringCount": 0,\n      "deactiveCount": 150,\n      "online": ["alice@example.com"],\n      "depleted": [],\n      "expiring": [],\n      "deactive": ["bob@example.com"]\n    }\n  }\n}',
       },
       {
         method: 'GET',
@@ -582,6 +587,16 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
         response:
           '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": {\n    "client": { "id": 1, "email": "alice@example.com", ... },\n    "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n    "externalLinks": [{ "kind": "link", "value": "vless://...", "remark": "DE" }]\n  }\n}',
       },
+      {
+        method: 'GET',
+        path: '/panel/api/clients/get/tgId/:tgId',
+        summary: 'Fetch clients by Telegram user ID. Returns an array since multiple clients can share the same Telegram ID.',
+        params: [
+          { name: 'tgId', in: 'path', type: 'integer', desc: 'Telegram user ID (numeric).' },
+        ],
+        response:
+          '{\n  "success": true,\n  "obj": [\n    {\n      "client": { "id": 1, "email": "alice@example.com", ... },\n      "inboundIds": [3, 5],\n      "externalLinks": [],\n      "usedTraffic": 1048576\n    }\n  ]\n}',
+      },
       {
         method: 'POST',
         path: '/panel/api/clients/add',
@@ -1154,6 +1169,11 @@ export const sections: readonly Section[] = [
         path: '/panel/api/setting/defaultSettings',
         summary: 'Return the computed default settings based on the request host. Useful to preview what a fresh install would use.',
       },
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        path: '/panel/api/setting/factoryDefaults',
+        summary: 'Return the shipped (factory) default value per browser-safe setting key, so clients can tell a stored value apart from the default it would fall back to. Per-install material (secret, panelGuid, mTLS keys) and credential fields are never included.',
+      },
       {
         method: 'POST',
         path: '/panel/api/setting/update',

frontend/src/pages/clients/ClientBulkAddModal.tsx

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export default function ClientBulkAddModal({
 }: ClientBulkAddModalProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [messageApi, messageContextHolder] = message.useMessage();
-  const { bulkCreate } = useClients();
+  const { bulkCreate } = useClients({ list: false });
 
   const methods = useForm<ClientBulkAddFormValues>({ defaultValues: EMPTY });
   const inboundIds = useWatch({ control: methods.control, name: 'inboundIds' });

frontend/src/pages/clients/ClientsPage.css

@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@
   white-space: nowrap;
 }
 
+.client-email-more {
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  padding-top: 4px;
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--ant-color-border-secondary, rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.2));
+  opacity: 0.65;
+}
+
 .filter-bar {
   display: flex;
   flex-wrap: wrap;

frontend/src/pages/clients/ClientsPage.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { lazy, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { lazy, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import {
   Badge,
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import {
   Result,
   Row,
   Select,
-  Space,
   Spin,
   Statistic,
   Switch,
@@ -80,12 +79,14 @@ const BulkAttachInboundsModal = lazy(() => import('./BulkAttachInboundsModal'));
 const BulkDetachInboundsModal = lazy(() => import('./BulkDetachInboundsModal'));
 const TextModal = lazy(() => import('@/components/feedback/TextModal'));
 const PromptModal = lazy(() => import('@/components/feedback/PromptModal'));
+import { ClientInboundChips, ClientRowActions } from './RowCells';
 import { emptyFilters, activeFilterCount } from './filters';
 import type { ClientFilters } from './filters';
 import './ClientsPage.css';
 
 const FILTER_STATE_KEY = 'clientsFilterState';
 const DISABLED_PAGE_SIZE = 200;
+const DEFAULT_TABLE_PAGE_SIZE = 25;
 
 function UngroupIcon() {
   return (
@@ -126,12 +127,29 @@ function UngroupIcon() {
   );
 }
 
+// The server sends exact counters but caps the email arrays behind them, so a
+// panel with thousands of depleted clients neither ships nor renders them all.
+// The trailing chip reports what the popover left out.
+function ClientEmailList({ emails, total }: { emails: string[]; total: number }) {
+  const hidden = total - emails.length;
+  return (
+    <div className="client-email-list">
+      {emails.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}
+      {hidden > 0 && <div className="client-email-more">+{hidden}</div>}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 type Bucket = 'active' | 'deactive' | 'depleted' | 'expiring';
 
 interface PersistedFilterState {
   searchKey: string;
   filters: ClientFilters;
   sort: string;
+  // The page size resolved on the previous visit. Without it the first list
+  // request has to wait for /setting/defaultSettings just to learn how many rows
+  // to ask for, which serialises two round trips on every load.
+  pageSize: number | null;
 }
 
 const INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
@@ -147,6 +165,9 @@ const INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
   tunnel: 'orange',
 };
 const INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT = 1;
+// A shared empty array keeps the memoised chip cell from seeing a fresh prop for
+// every unattached client on every render.
+const EMPTY_INBOUND_IDS: number[] = [];
 
 function readFilterState(): PersistedFilterState {
   try {
@@ -164,9 +185,10 @@ function readFilterState(): PersistedFilterState {
         groups: Array.isArray(fromRaw.groups) ? fromRaw.groups : [],
       },
       sort: typeof raw.sort === 'string' ? raw.sort : '',
+      pageSize: typeof raw.pageSize === 'number' && raw.pageSize > 0 ? raw.pageSize : null,
     };
   } catch {
-    return { searchKey: '', filters: emptyFilters(), sort: '' };
+    return { searchKey: '', filters: emptyFilters(), sort: '', pageSize: null };
   }
 }
 
@@ -205,11 +227,11 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
 
   const {
     clients, total, filtered,
-    summary: serverSummary,
+    summary,
     allGroups,
     setQuery,
-    inbounds, onlines, loading, transitioning, fetched, fetchError, subSettings,
+    inbounds, onlines, transitioning, fetched, fetchError, subSettings,
-    tgBotEnable, expireDiff, trafficDiff, pageSize,
+    tgBotEnable, expireDiff, trafficDiff, pageSize, settingsReady,
     create, update, remove, bulkDelete, bulkAdjust, bulkEnable, bulkDisable, bulkAddToGroup, bulkRemoveFromGroup, attach, setExternalLinks, bulkAttach, detach, bulkDetach,
     resetTraffic, resetAllTraffics, delDepleted, delOrphans, exportClients, importClients, setEnable,
     clientSpeed,
@@ -265,14 +287,31 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
   const [sortColumn, setSortColumn] = useState<string | null>(initialSort.column);
   const [sortOrder, setSortOrder] = useState<'ascend' | 'descend' | null>(initialSort.order);
   const [currentPage, setCurrentPage] = useState(1);
-  const [tablePageSize, setTablePageSize] = useState(25);
+  // Derived, not mirrored into state by an effect: an effect lags one render
+  // behind the settings arriving, and that lag is what made the page fetch the
+  // list once with the placeholder size and again with the real one.
+  const [pageSizeChoice, setPageSizeChoice] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const settingsPageSize = settingsReady ? (pageSize > 0 ? pageSize : DISABLED_PAGE_SIZE) : null;
+  // Last visit's resolved size stands in until the settings land, so the list
+  // request goes out with the page mount instead of queueing behind them. If the
+  // admin has since changed the setting the authoritative value replaces it and
+  // costs one refetch — only on the load that follows the change. Null means
+  // nothing is known yet, which is the one case worth waiting for.
+  const resolvedPageSize = pageSizeChoice ?? settingsPageSize ?? initial.pageSize;
+  const tablePageSize = resolvedPageSize ?? DEFAULT_TABLE_PAGE_SIZE;
   // debouncedSearch lags behind the input so we don't spam the server on every
   // keystroke; the search box still feels instant locally.
   const [debouncedSearch, setDebouncedSearch] = useState(searchKey);
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    localStorage.setItem(FILTER_STATE_KEY, JSON.stringify({ searchKey, filters, sort: sortValueFor(sortColumn, sortOrder) }));
+    localStorage.setItem(FILTER_STATE_KEY, JSON.stringify({
-  }, [searchKey, filters, sortColumn, sortOrder]);
+      searchKey,
+      filters,
+      sort: sortValueFor(sortColumn, sortOrder),
+      // Only ever persist a size we actually resolved, never the render fallback.
+      pageSize: resolvedPageSize,
+    }));
+  }, [searchKey, filters, sortColumn, sortOrder, resolvedPageSize]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handle = window.setTimeout(() => setDebouncedSearch(searchKey), 300);
@@ -303,6 +342,10 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
   }, [filters.nodeIds, filters.inboundIds, inbounds]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
+    // With no remembered size and no settings yet, any query we build would be a
+    // guess, and issuing it costs a full server round trip that is thrown away as
+    // soon as the real size arrives.
+    if (resolvedPageSize === null) return;
     setQuery({
       page: currentPage,
       pageSize: tablePageSize,
@@ -321,13 +364,21 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
       sort: sortColumn || undefined,
       order: sortOrder || undefined,
     });
-  }, [setQuery, currentPage, tablePageSize, debouncedSearch, filters, effectiveInboundCsv, sortColumn, sortOrder]);
+  }, [setQuery, resolvedPageSize, currentPage, tablePageSize, debouncedSearch, filters, effectiveInboundCsv, sortColumn, sortOrder]);
 
   const activeCount = activeFilterCount(filters);
 
-  useEffect(() => {
+  // Row handlers take an email and look the row up here at call time. Keying
-    setTablePageSize(pageSize > 0 ? pageSize : DISABLED_PAGE_SIZE);
+  // them on the record object instead would defeat the memoised cells: every
-  }, [pageSize]);
+  // traffic push replaces the row object of every client whose counters moved,
+  // so the memo would miss on exactly the rows that are busy. Reading through
+  // the ref also means a modal opened mid-poll shows current usage.
+  const rowsByEmail = useRef(new Map<string, ClientRecord>());
+  rowsByEmail.current = useMemo(() => {
+    const map = new Map<string, ClientRecord>();
+    for (const c of clients) map.set(c.email, c);
+    return map;
+  }, [clients]);
 
   const onlineSet = useMemo(() => new Set(onlines || []), [onlines]);
   const inboundsById = useMemo(() => {
@@ -385,9 +436,6 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
   // a rename.
   const filteredClients = clients;
 
-  // Server-computed counts that stay stable as the user paginates/filters.
-  const summary = serverSummary;
-
   // Sort is server-side now; the page already arrives in the requested
   // order, so we just hand it through.
   const sortedClients = filteredClients;
@@ -457,7 +505,9 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
     setFormOpen(true);
   }
 
-  async function onEdit(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onEdit = useCallback(async (email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     setFormMode('edit');
     // Paged list omits per-client secrets to keep the row payload tiny;
     // edit needs them, so fetch the full record first.
@@ -468,9 +518,11 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
     setEditingAttachedIds([...ids]);
     setEditingExternalLinks(Array.isArray(full?.externalLinks) ? [...full.externalLinks] : []);
     setFormOpen(true);
-  }
+  }, [hydrate]);
 
-  function onDelete(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onDelete = useCallback((email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     modal.confirm({
       title: t('pages.clients.deleteConfirmTitle', { email: row.email }),
       content: t('pages.clients.deleteConfirmContent'),
@@ -482,9 +534,10 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
         if (msg?.success) messageApi.success(t('pages.clients.toasts.deleted'));
       },
     });
-  }
+  }, [modal, t, remove, messageApi]);
 
-  function onResetTraffic(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onResetTraffic = useCallback((email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
     if (!row?.email) {
       messageApi.warning(t('pages.clients.resetNotPossible'));
       return;
@@ -499,19 +552,33 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
         if (msg?.success) messageApi.success(t('pages.clients.toasts.trafficReset'));
       },
     });
-  }
+  }, [modal, t, resetTraffic, messageApi]);
 
-  async function onShowInfo(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onShowInfo = useCallback(async (email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     const full = await hydrate(row.email);
     setInfoClient(full ? { ...row, ...full.client, inboundIds: full.inboundIds } : row);
     setInfoOpen(true);
-  }
+  }, [hydrate]);
 
-  async function onShowQr(row: ClientRecord) {
+  const onShowQr = useCallback(async (email: string) => {
+    const row = rowsByEmail.current.get(email);
+    if (!row) return;
     const full = await hydrate(row.email);
     setQrClient(full ? { ...row, ...full.client, inboundIds: full.inboundIds } : row);
     setQrOpen(true);
+  }, [hydrate]);
+
+  const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false);
+  const onRefreshClick = useCallback(async () => {
+    setRefreshing(true);
+    try {
+      await refresh();
+    } finally {
+      setRefreshing(false);
     }
+  }, [refresh]);
 
   const openText = useCallback((opts: { title: string; content: string; fileName?: string }) => {
     setTextTitle(opts.title);
@@ -746,7 +813,7 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
 
   const onTableChange: NonNullable<TableProps<ClientRecord>['onChange']> = (pag) => {
     if (pag?.current) setCurrentPage(pag.current);
-    if (pag?.pageSize) setTablePageSize(pag.pageSize);
+    if (pag?.pageSize) setPageSizeChoice(pag.pageSize);
   };
 
   const columns = useMemo<ColumnsType<ClientRecord>>(() => [
@@ -755,23 +822,14 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
       key: 'actions',
       width: 200,
       render: (_v, record) => (
-        <Space size={4}>
+        <ClientRowActions
-          <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.qrCode')}>
+          email={record.email}
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<QrcodeOutlined />} aria-label={t('pages.clients.qrCode')} onClick={() => onShowQr(record)} />
+          onShowQr={onShowQr}
-          </Tooltip>
+          onShowInfo={onShowInfo}
-          <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}>
+          onResetTraffic={onResetTraffic}
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<InfoCircleOutlined />} aria-label={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')} onClick={() => onShowInfo(record)} />
+          onEdit={onEdit}
-          </Tooltip>
+          onDelete={onDelete}
-          <Tooltip title={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}>
+        />
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<RetweetOutlined />} aria-label={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')} onClick={() => onResetTraffic(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-          <Tooltip title={t('edit')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<EditOutlined />} aria-label={t('edit')} onClick={() => onEdit(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-          <Tooltip title={t('delete')}>
-            <Button size="small" type="text" danger style={{ fontSize: 16 }} icon={<DeleteOutlined />} aria-label={t('delete')} onClick={() => onDelete(record)} />
-          </Tooltip>
-        </Space>
       ),
     },
     {
@@ -853,42 +911,13 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
       key: 'inboundIds',
       width: 170,
       render: (_v, record) => {
-        const ids = record.inboundIds || [];
-        if (ids.length === 0) return <span style={{ color: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.45)' }}>—</span>;
-        const visible = ids.slice(0, INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT);
-        const overflow = ids.slice(INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT);
-        const chip = (id: number, compact: boolean) => {
-          const ib = inboundsById[id];
-          const proto = (ib?.protocol || '').toLowerCase();
-          const color = INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS[proto] ?? 'default';
-          const compactLabel = formatInboundLabel(ib?.tag, ib?.remark);
         return (
-            <Tooltip key={id} title={inboundLabel(id)}>
+          <ClientInboundChips
-              <Tag color={color} style={{ margin: 2 }}>
+            ids={record.inboundIds || EMPTY_INBOUND_IDS}
-                {compact ? compactLabel : inboundLabel(id)}
+            inboundsById={inboundsById}
-              </Tag>
+            protocolColors={INBOUND_PROTOCOL_COLORS}
-            </Tooltip>
+            chipLimit={INBOUND_CHIP_LIMIT}
-          );
+          />
-        };
-        return (
-          <>
-            {visible.map((id) => chip(id, true))}
-            {overflow.length > 0 && (
-              <Popover
-                trigger="click"
-                placement="bottomRight"
-                content={
-                  <div style={{ display: 'flex', flexDirection: 'column', gap: 4, maxWidth: 280, maxHeight: 280, overflowY: 'auto' }}>
-                    {overflow.map((id) => chip(id, false))}
-                  </div>
-                }
-              >
-                <Tag color="default" style={{ margin: 2, cursor: 'pointer' }}>
-                  +{overflow.length}
-                </Tag>
-              </Popover>
-            )}
-          </>
         );
       },
     },
@@ -997,7 +1026,7 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                   status="error"
                   title={t('somethingWentWrong')}
                   subTitle={fetchError}
-                  extra={<Button type="primary" loading={loading} onClick={refresh}>{t('refresh')}</Button>}
+                  extra={<Button type="primary" loading={refreshing} onClick={onRefreshClick}>{t('refresh')}</Button>}
                 />
               ) : (
                 <Row gutter={[isMobile ? 8 : 16, isMobile ? 8 : 12]}>
@@ -1010,37 +1039,37 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('online')}
-                            open={summary.online.length ? undefined : false}
+                            open={summary.onlineCount ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.online.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.online} total={summary.onlineCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('online')} value={String(summary.online.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-blue" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('online')} value={String(summary.onlineCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-blue" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('depleted')}
-                            open={summary.depleted.length ? undefined : false}
+                            open={summary.depletedCount ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.depleted.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.depleted} total={summary.depletedCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('depleted')} value={String(summary.depleted.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-red" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('depleted')} value={String(summary.depletedCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-red" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('depletingSoon')}
-                            open={summary.expiring.length ? undefined : false}
+                            open={summary.expiringCount ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.expiring.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.expiring} total={summary.expiringCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('depletingSoon')} value={String(summary.expiring.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-orange" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('depletingSoon')} value={String(summary.expiringCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-orange" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
                           <Popover
                             title={t('disabled')}
-                            open={summary.deactive.length ? undefined : false}
+                            open={summary.deactiveCount ? undefined : false}
-                            content={<div className="client-email-list">{summary.deactive.map((e) => <div key={e}>{e}</div>)}</div>}
+                            content={<ClientEmailList emails={summary.deactive} total={summary.deactiveCount} />}
                           >
-                            <Statistic title={t('disabled')} value={String(summary.deactive.length)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-gray" />} />
+                            <Statistic title={t('disabled')} value={String(summary.deactiveCount)} prefix={<span className="dot dot-gray" />} />
                           </Popover>
                         </Col>
                         <Col xs={12} sm={8} md={4}>
@@ -1367,7 +1396,7 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                                   showTotal={(n) => `${n}`}
                                   onChange={(p, s) => {
                                     setCurrentPage(p);
-                                    if (s && s !== tablePageSize) setTablePageSize(s);
+                                    if (s && s !== tablePageSize) setPageSizeChoice(s);
                                   }}
                                 />
                               </div>
@@ -1394,8 +1423,8 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                                           role="button"
                                           tabIndex={0}
                                           aria-label={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}
-                                          onClick={() => onShowInfo(row)}
+                                          onClick={() => onShowInfo(row.email)}
-                                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => onShowInfo(row))}
+                                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => onShowInfo(row.email))}
                                         />
                                       </Tooltip>
                                       <Switch
@@ -1412,23 +1441,23 @@ export default function ClientsPage() {
                                             {
                                               key: 'qr',
                                               label: <><QrcodeOutlined /> {t('pages.clients.qrCode')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onShowQr(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onShowQr(row.email),
                                             },
                                             {
                                               key: 'reset',
                                               label: <><RetweetOutlined /> {t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onResetTraffic(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onResetTraffic(row.email),
                                             },
                                             {
                                               key: 'edit',
                                               label: <><EditOutlined /> {t('edit')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onEdit(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onEdit(row.email),
                                             },
                                             {
                                               key: 'delete',
                                               danger: true,
                                               label: <><DeleteOutlined /> {t('delete')}</>,
-                                              onClick: () => onDelete(row),
+                                              onClick: () => onDelete(row.email),
                                             },
                                           ],
                                         }}

frontend/src/pages/clients/RowCells.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+import { memo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Button, Popover, Space, Tag, Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import {
+  DeleteOutlined,
+  EditOutlined,
+  InfoCircleOutlined,
+  QrcodeOutlined,
+  RetweetOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { formatInboundLabel } from '@/lib/inbounds/label';
+import type { InboundOption } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+
+const ICON_BUTTON_STYLE = { fontSize: 16 } as const;
+
+interface ClientRowActionsProps {
+  email: string;
+  onShowQr: (email: string) => void;
+  onShowInfo: (email: string) => void;
+  onResetTraffic: (email: string) => void;
+  onEdit: (email: string) => void;
+  onDelete: (email: string) => void;
+}
+
+// Five Tooltip-wrapped buttons per row, none of which depend on traffic. Left
+// inline they re-ran rc-tooltip's alignment machinery for every visible row on
+// every traffic push — 125 Tooltips on a 25-row page, five seconds apart.
+// Keyed on the email rather than the row object, because a push replaces the row
+// object of every client whose counters moved; the page resolves the live row.
+export const ClientRowActions = memo(function ClientRowActions({
+  email,
+  onShowQr,
+  onShowInfo,
+  onResetTraffic,
+  onEdit,
+  onDelete,
+}: ClientRowActionsProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  return (
+    <Space size={4}>
+      <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.qrCode')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<QrcodeOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('pages.clients.qrCode')}
+          onClick={() => onShowQr(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<InfoCircleOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('pages.clients.clientInfo')}
+          onClick={() => onShowInfo(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<RetweetOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('pages.inbounds.resetTraffic')}
+          onClick={() => onResetTraffic(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('edit')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<EditOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('edit')}
+          onClick={() => onEdit(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+      <Tooltip title={t('delete')}>
+        <Button
+          size="small"
+          type="text"
+          danger
+          style={ICON_BUTTON_STYLE}
+          icon={<DeleteOutlined />}
+          aria-label={t('delete')}
+          onClick={() => onDelete(email)}
+        />
+      </Tooltip>
+    </Space>
+  );
+});
+
+const CHIP_STYLE = { margin: 2 } as const;
+const OVERFLOW_CHIP_STYLE = { margin: 2, cursor: 'pointer' } as const;
+const OVERFLOW_LIST_STYLE = {
+  display: 'flex',
+  flexDirection: 'column' as const,
+  gap: 4,
+  maxWidth: 280,
+  maxHeight: 280,
+  overflowY: 'auto' as const,
+};
+
+interface ClientInboundChipsProps {
+  ids: number[];
+  inboundsById: Record<number, InboundOption>;
+  protocolColors: Record<string, string>;
+  chipLimit: number;
+}
+
+// Attachments never change on a traffic push either, so the same memoisation
+// applies: one Tooltip per visible chip plus a Popover for the overflow.
+export const ClientInboundChips = memo(function ClientInboundChips({
+  ids,
+  inboundsById,
+  protocolColors,
+  chipLimit,
+}: ClientInboundChipsProps) {
+  if (ids.length === 0) return <span className="cell-empty">—</span>;
+
+  const label = (id: number) => {
+    const ib = inboundsById[id];
+    return formatInboundLabel(ib?.tag, ib?.remark);
+  };
+  const chip = (id: number) => {
+    const proto = (inboundsById[id]?.protocol || '').toLowerCase();
+    return (
+      <Tooltip key={id} title={label(id)}>
+        <Tag color={protocolColors[proto] ?? 'default'} style={CHIP_STYLE}>{label(id)}</Tag>
+      </Tooltip>
+    );
+  };
+
+  const visible = ids.slice(0, chipLimit);
+  const overflow = ids.slice(chipLimit);
+  return (
+    <>
+      {visible.map(chip)}
+      {overflow.length > 0 && (
+        <Popover
+          trigger="click"
+          placement="bottomRight"
+          content={<div style={OVERFLOW_LIST_STYLE}>{overflow.map(chip)}</div>}
+        >
+          <Tag color="default" style={OVERFLOW_CHIP_STYLE}>+{overflow.length}</Tag>
+        </Popover>
+      )}
+    </>
+  );
+});

frontend/src/pages/groups/GroupsPage.tsx

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ export default function GroupsPage() {
   useEffect(() => { setMessageInstance(messageApi); }, [messageApi]);
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
 
-  const { subSettings, bulkAdjust, bulkAddToGroup, bulkRemoveFromGroup, bulkDelete } = useClients();
+  const { subSettings, bulkAdjust, bulkAddToGroup, bulkRemoveFromGroup, bulkDelete } = useClients({ list: false });
 
   const groupsQuery = useQuery({
     queryKey: keys.clients.groups(),

frontend/src/pages/inbounds/form/InboundFormModal.tsx

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import {
   isSS2022,
 } from '@/lib/xray/protocol-capabilities';
 import {
+  InboundDbFieldsSchema,
   InboundFormBaseSchema,
   InboundFormSchema,
   type InboundFormValues,
@@ -255,6 +256,7 @@ export default function InboundFormModal({
   const wTunnelNetwork = useWatch({ control, name: 'settings.allowedNetwork' });
   const wTotal = (useWatch({ control, name: 'total' }) as number | undefined) ?? 0;
   const wExpiry = (useWatch({ control, name: 'expiryTime' }) as number | undefined) ?? 0;
+  const trafficReset = useWatch({ control, name: 'trafficReset' }) ?? 'never';
   const autoTagRef = useRef(true);
   const lastWrittenTagRef = useRef('');
   const currentTagInput = (): InboundTagInput => ({
@@ -619,6 +621,16 @@ export default function InboundFormModal({
         />
       </FormField>
 
+      {trafficReset === 'monthly' && (
+        <FormField
+          name="trafficResetDay"
+          label={t('pages.inbounds.periodicTrafficResetDay')}
+          rules={{ validate: rhfZodValidate(InboundDbFieldsSchema.shape.trafficResetDay) }}
+        >
+          <InputNumber min={1} max={31} />
+        </FormField>
+      )}
+
       <Form.Item
         label={
           <Tooltip title={t('pages.inbounds.leaveBlankToNeverExpire')}>

frontend/src/pages/inbounds/form/security/reality.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 import { useState } from 'react';
+import { useFormContext } from 'react-hook-form';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Collapse, Descriptions, Divider, Form, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch } from 'antd';
 import { RadarChartOutlined, ReloadOutlined, SearchOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
 import { FormField } from '@/components/form/rhf';
 import { UTLS_FINGERPRINT } from '@/schemas/primitives';
-import { validateRealityTarget } from '@/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize';
+import {
+  validateRealityClientVer,
+  validateRealityMaxClientVer,
+  validateRealityTarget,
+} from '@/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize';
 import type { RealityScanResult } from '@/generated/types';
 import RealityTargetScannerModal from './RealityTargetScannerModal';
 
@@ -39,7 +44,14 @@ export default function RealityForm({
   clearMldsa65,
 }: RealityFormProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { getFieldState, trigger } = useFormContext();
   const [scannerOpen, setScannerOpen] = useState(false);
+  const maxClientVerPath = 'streamSettings.realitySettings.maxClientVer';
+  const revalidateMaxClientVer = () => {
+    if (getFieldState(maxClientVerPath).error) {
+      void trigger(maxClientVerPath);
+    }
+  };
   return (
     <>
       <FormField
@@ -127,14 +139,31 @@ export default function RealityForm({
       <FormField
         name={['streamSettings', 'realitySettings', 'minClientVer']}
         label={t('pages.inbounds.form.minClientVer')}
+        tooltip={t('pages.inbounds.form.minClientVerHint')}
+        onAfterChange={revalidateMaxClientVer}
+        rules={{
+          validate: (value) => {
+            const errKey = validateRealityClientVer(typeof value === 'string' ? value : '');
+            return errKey ? errKey : true;
+          },
+        }}
       >
         <Input placeholder="26.3.27" />
       </FormField>
       <FormField
         name={['streamSettings', 'realitySettings', 'maxClientVer']}
         label={t('pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVer')}
+        tooltip={t('pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerHint')}
+        rules={{
+          validate: (value, formValues) => {
+            const max = typeof value === 'string' ? value : '';
+            const min = formValues?.streamSettings?.realitySettings?.minClientVer;
+            const errKey = validateRealityMaxClientVer(max, typeof min === 'string' ? min : '');
+            return errKey ? errKey : true;
+          },
+        }}
       >
-        <Input placeholder="25.9.11" />
+        <Input placeholder="x.y.z" />
       </FormField>
       <Form.Item label={t('pages.inbounds.form.shortIds')}>
         <Space.Compact block style={{ display: 'flex' }}>

frontend/src/pages/index/ConnectionsCard.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Card, theme } from 'antd';
+
+import { Sparkline } from '@/components/viz';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+interface ConnectionsCardProps {
+  status: Status;
+  tcp: number[];
+  udp: number[];
+  labels: string[];
+  isMobile: boolean;
+}
+
+export default function ConnectionsCard({ status, tcp, udp, labels, isMobile }: ConnectionsCardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { token } = theme.useToken();
+  const accent = token.colorPrimary;
+  const udpColor = token.colorTextTertiary;
+
+  const referenceLines = useMemo(
+    () => [
+      { y: status.udpCount, color: udpColor, dash: '2 4' },
+      { y: status.tcpCount, color: accent, dash: '2 4' },
+    ],
+    [status.tcpCount, status.udpCount, accent, udpColor],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-wide-head ov-wide-head-stack">
+        <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.connectionCount')}</div>
+        <div className="ov-conn-total">
+          <span className="ov-tile-number">{status.tcpCount + status.udpCount}</span>
+          <span className="ov-tile-unit">{t('pages.index.openSockets')}</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-conn-legend">
+        <div className="ov-legend-label">
+          <span className="ov-swatch" style={{ background: accent }} />
+          TCP
+          <span className="ov-legend-num">{status.tcpCount.toLocaleString()}</span>
+        </div>
+        <div className="ov-legend-label">
+          <span className="ov-swatch" style={{ background: udpColor }} />
+          UDP
+          <span className="ov-legend-num">{status.udpCount.toLocaleString()}</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-wide-chart">
+        <Sparkline
+          data={tcp}
+          data2={udp}
+          labels={labels}
+          height={isMobile ? 120 : 170}
+          strokeWidth={1.5}
+          fillOpacity={0.24}
+          showTooltip
+          showLegend={false}
+          valueMax={null}
+          stroke={accent}
+          stroke2={udpColor}
+          name1="TCP"
+          name2="UDP"
+          yFormatter={(v) => Math.round(v).toLocaleString()}
+          referenceLines={referenceLines}
+        />
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/IndexPage.css

@@ -1,51 +1,470 @@
+/* Overview page — trend-first layout. Every colour comes from the AntD theme
+   tokens so light / dark / ultra-dark keep working and the sidebar is untouched.
+   Set --ov-accent once here if you want a fixed accent instead of the primary. */
+
+.index-page {
+  --ov-accent: var(--ant-color-primary);
+  --ov-line: var(--ant-color-border);
+  --ov-label: var(--ant-color-text-secondary);
+  --ov-faint: var(--ant-color-text-tertiary);
+  --ov-gap: 12px;
+  --ov-pad: 20px;
+}
+
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
   .index-page .content-area {
     padding: 12px;
     padding-top: 64px;
   }
+
+  .index-page {
+    --ov-gap: 8px;
+    --ov-pad: 14px;
+  }
 }
 
-.index-page .action {
+.ov-page {
-  cursor: pointer;
+  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
+  flex-direction: column;
-  max-width: 100%;
+  gap: var(--ov-gap);
-  flex-wrap: nowrap;
 }
 
-.index-page .action > span:not(.anticon) {
+/* — action bar — */
-  white-space: nowrap;
+
-  overflow: hidden;
+.ov-bar {
-  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  display: flex;
-  min-width: 0;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 12px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
 }
 
-.index-page .action-update {
+.ov-state {
-  color: var(--ant-color-warning);
-  font-weight: 600;
-}
-
-.index-page .action-update .anticon {
-  color: var(--ant-color-warning);
-}
-
-.index-page .history-tag {
-  cursor: pointer;
   display: inline-flex;
   align-items: center;
-  gap: 4px;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 4px 12px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--ov-line);
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+}
+
+.ov-state-dot {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 6px;
+  height: 6px;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  background: currentColor;
+  flex: none;
+}
+
+.ov-state[data-state='running'] .ov-state-dot::after {
+  content: '';
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: -1px;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  border: 1px solid currentColor;
+  animation: ovPulse 1.6s infinite ease-out;
+}
+
+@keyframes ovPulse {
+  0% { transform: scale(0.9); opacity: 0.5; }
+  100% { transform: scale(2.4); opacity: 0; }
+}
+
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+  .ov-state[data-state='running'] .ov-state-dot::after {
+    animation: none;
+  }
+}
+
+.ov-state-version,
+.ov-panel-version {
+  padding: 0;
+  border: 0;
+  background: transparent;
+  font: inherit;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+  transition: color 0.2s;
+}
+
+.ov-state-version:hover,
+.ov-state-version:focus-visible,
+.ov-panel-version:hover,
+.ov-panel-version:focus-visible {
+  color: var(--ant-color-primary);
+}
+
+.ov-panel-version {
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-update-tag {
+  cursor: pointer;
   margin-inline-end: 0;
 }
 
-.index-page .ip-toggle-icon {
+.ov-error-detail {
-  cursor: pointer;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
-  font-size: 16px;
+  word-break: break-word;
 }
 
-.index-page .ip-hidden .ant-statistic-content-value {
+.ov-bar-actions {
-  filter: blur(6px);
+  margin-inline-start: auto;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 4px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+  .ov-bar-actions {
+    margin-inline-start: 0;
+    width: 100%;
+    justify-content: space-between;
+  }
+}
+
+.ov-bar-sep {
+  width: 1px;
+  height: 20px;
+  background: var(--ov-line);
+  margin: 0 4px;
+}
+
+.ov-health {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  font-size: 12.5px;
+}
+
+.ov-health-mark {
+  width: 14px;
+  height: 1px;
+  background: currentColor;
+  flex: none;
+}
+
+.ov-rule {
+  height: 1px;
+  border: 0;
+  margin: 0;
+  background: linear-gradient(
+    to right,
+    transparent,
+    var(--ov-line) 48px,
+    var(--ov-line) calc(100% - 48px),
+    transparent
+  );
+}
+
+/* — shared type — */
+
+.ov-kicker {
+  font-size: 11px;
+  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-kicker-icon {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 7px;
+}
+
+.ov-sub {
+  font-size: 12.5px;
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-mono {
+  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
+}
+
+/* — vitals tiles — */
+
+.ov-vitals {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
+  gap: var(--ov-gap);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1100px) {
+  .ov-vitals { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 560px) {
+  .ov-vitals { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
+}
+
+.ov-tile {
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-head {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 14px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  color: var(--ov-accent);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-icon {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  font-size: 15px;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-value {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: 4px;
+  padding: 12px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-number {
+  font-size: 34px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  line-height: 1;
+  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.ov-tile-unit {
+  font-size: 14px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-detail {
+  padding: 5px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-foot {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 14px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  font-size: 10px;
+  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-tile-chart {
+  margin-top: 6px;
+}
+
+/* — throughput + connections — */
+
+.ov-mid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
+  gap: var(--ov-gap);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1100px) {
+  .ov-mid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
+}
+
+.ov-wide-head {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: var(--ov-pad) var(--ov-pad) 0;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-head-stack {
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 0;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-legend {
+  margin-inline-start: auto;
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 22px;
+  text-align: end;
+}
+
+.ov-legend-label {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  gap: 6px;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+.ov-legend-num {
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-total {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: baseline;
+  gap: 6px;
+  margin-top: 12px;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-legend {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: 16px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-legend > div {
+  flex: 1 1 0;
+}
+
+.ov-conn-legend .ov-legend-label {
+  justify-content: flex-start;
+}
+
+.ov-swatch {
+  width: 14px;
+  height: 2px;
+  flex: none;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-chart {
+  padding: 12px 8px 0;
+}
+
+.ov-wide-foot {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 16px;
+  margin: 12px var(--ov-pad) 0;
+  padding: 14px 0 var(--ov-pad);
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--ov-line);
+}
+
+.ov-wide-foot > div {
+  flex: 1 1 0;
+}
+
+.ov-foot-sep {
+  width: 1px;
+  background: var(--ov-line);
+}
+
+.ov-foot-value {
+  font-size: 18px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  margin-top: 4px;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.ov-foot-part {
+  display: inline-block;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 560px) {
+  .ov-wide-foot {
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 10px;
+  }
+
+  .ov-wide-foot .ov-foot-sep {
+    display: none;
+  }
+}
+
+/* — system strip — */
+
+/* tracks follow SystemStrip's cell order:
+   uptime (xray | os) · panel (memory | threads) · ip addresses */
+.ov-strip-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns:
+    minmax(max-content, 1.2fr) minmax(max-content, 1.2fr) minmax(0, 1.6fr);
+  gap: 16px;
+  padding: var(--ov-pad);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1439px) {
+  .ov-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1100px) {
+  .ov-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 560px) {
+  .ov-strip-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1440px) {
+  .ov-strip-cell + .ov-strip-cell {
+    border-inline-start: 1px solid var(--ov-line);
+    padding-inline-start: 16px;
+  }
+}
+
+.ov-strip-value {
+  font-size: 19px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  margin-top: 6px;
+  color: var(--ant-color-text);
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+
+.ov-strip-split {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: stretch;
+  gap: 14px;
+}
+
+.ov-strip-split-sep {
+  width: 1px;
+  background: var(--ov-line);
+  margin-top: 8px;
+}
+
+.ov-strip-sub {
+  font-size: 10px;
+  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  margin-top: 8px;
+  color: var(--ov-faint);
+}
+
+.ov-strip-sub + .ov-strip-value {
+  margin-top: 2px;
+}
+
+.ov-ip {
+  margin-top: 7px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
   transition: filter 0.2s ease;
 }
 
-.index-page .ip-visible .ant-statistic-content-value {
+.ov-ip-v6 {
-  filter: none;
+  margin-top: 3px;
+  color: var(--ov-label);
+}
+
+/* — preserved from the previous overview — */
+
+.index-page .ip-toggle-icon {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-size: 15px;
+  margin-inline-start: auto;
+}
+
+.index-page .ip-hidden {
+  filter: blur(6px);
 }

frontend/src/pages/index/IndexPage.tsx

@@ -1,53 +1,29 @@
 import { lazy, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Button, ConfigProvider, Layout, Modal, Result, Spin, message } from 'antd';
 import {
-  Button,
-  Card,
-  Col,
-  ConfigProvider,
-  Layout,
-  message,
-  Modal,
-  Result,
-  Row,
-  Space,
-  Spin,
-  Statistic,
-  Tag,
-  Tooltip,
-} from 'antd';
-import {
-  BarsOutlined,
-  ControlOutlined,
-  CloudServerOutlined,
-  CloudDownloadOutlined,
-  CloudUploadOutlined,
-  ArrowUpOutlined,
-  ArrowDownOutlined,
-  AreaChartOutlined,
-  GlobalOutlined,
-  SwapOutlined,
-  EyeOutlined,
-  EyeInvisibleOutlined,
-  ThunderboltOutlined,
-  DesktopOutlined,
-  DatabaseOutlined,
-  ForkOutlined,
   CopyOutlined,
-  TelegramFilled,
+  CloudDownloadOutlined,
+  DashboardOutlined,
+  DatabaseOutlined,
+  HddOutlined,
+  SwapOutlined,
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
-import { HttpUtil, SizeFormatter, TimeFormatter, ClipboardManager, FileManager } from '@/utils';
+import { HttpUtil, CPUFormatter, SizeFormatter, ClipboardManager, FileManager } from '@/utils';
-import { formatPanelVersion } from '@/lib/panel-version';
+import { USAGE_CRIT_COLOR, USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT, USAGE_WARN_COLOR, USAGE_WARN_PERCENT } from '@/models/status';
-import { activateOnKey } from '@/utils/a11y';
 import { useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
 import { useStatusQuery } from '@/api/queries/useStatusQuery';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import AppSidebar from '@/layouts/AppSidebar';
 import { LazyMount } from '@/components/utility';
 import { setMessageInstance } from '@/utils/messageBus';
-import StatusCard from './StatusCard';
+import OverviewActionBar from './OverviewActionBar';
-import XrayStatusCard from './XrayStatusCard';
+import VitalTile from './VitalTile';
+import ThroughputCard from './ThroughputCard';
+import ConnectionsCard from './ConnectionsCard';
+import SystemStrip from './SystemStrip';
+import { mean, peak, useOverviewHistory } from './useOverviewHistory';
 import type { PanelUpdateInfo } from './PanelUpdateModal';
 const JsonEditor = lazy(() => import('@/components/form/JsonEditor'));
 const PanelUpdateModal = lazy(() => import('./PanelUpdateModal'));
@@ -90,6 +66,8 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [loadingTip, setLoadingTip] = useState(t('loading'));
 
+  const history = useOverviewHistory(status, fetched && !fetchError);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     HttpUtil.post<{ accessLogEnable?: boolean; devChannelEnable?: boolean }>(
       '/panel/api/setting/defaultSettings',
@@ -127,10 +105,6 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
     await refresh();
   }, [refresh]);
 
-  function openPanelVersion() {
-    setPanelUpdateOpen(true);
-  }
-
   async function handleChannelChange(dev: boolean) {
     const res = await HttpUtil.post('/panel/api/server/setUpdateChannel', { dev });
     if (!res?.success) return;
@@ -139,10 +113,6 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
     if (msg?.success && msg.obj) setPanelUpdateInfo(msg.obj);
   }
 
-  function openTelegram() {
-    window.open('https://t.me/XrayUI', '_blank', 'noopener,noreferrer');
-  }
-
   async function openConfig() {
     setLoading(true);
     try {
@@ -165,6 +135,23 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
   }
 
   const pageClass = `index-page ${isDark ? 'is-dark' : ''} ${isUltra ? 'is-ultra' : ''}`.trim();
+  const totalDisk = status.disk.total;
+  const freeDisk = Math.max(0, totalDisk - status.disk.current);
+
+  const health = useMemo(() => {
+    const items = [
+      { name: t('pages.index.cpu'), value: status.cpu.percent },
+      { name: t('pages.index.memory'), value: status.mem.percent },
+      { name: t('pages.index.swap'), value: status.swap.percent },
+      { name: t('pages.index.storage'), value: status.disk.percent },
+    ];
+    const list = (xs: typeof items) => xs.map((i) => `${i.name} ${i.value.toFixed(0)}%`).join(', ');
+    const crit = items.filter((i) => i.value >= USAGE_CRIT_PERCENT);
+    if (crit.length) return { text: t('pages.index.healthCritical', { list: list(crit) }), color: USAGE_CRIT_COLOR };
+    const warm = items.filter((i) => i.value >= USAGE_WARN_PERCENT);
+    if (warm.length) return { text: t('pages.index.healthWarm', { list: list(warm) }), color: USAGE_WARN_COLOR };
+    return null;
+  }, [status, t]);
 
   return (
     <ConfigProvider theme={antdThemeConfig}>
@@ -190,277 +177,105 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
                   extra={<Button type="primary" onClick={refresh}>{t('refresh')}</Button>}
                 />
               ) : (
-                <Row gutter={[isMobile ? 8 : 16, 12]}>
+                <div className="ov-page">
-                  <Col span={24}>
+                  <OverviewActionBar
-                    <StatusCard status={status} isMobile={isMobile} />
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <XrayStatusCard
                     status={status}
                     isMobile={isMobile}
                     accessLogEnable={accessLogEnable}
+                    panelVersion={displayVersion}
+                    latestVersion={panelUpdateInfo.latestVersion}
+                    updateAvailable={panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable}
                     onStopXray={stopXray}
                     onRestartXray={restartXray}
-                      onOpenXrayLogs={() => setXrayLogsOpen(true)}
                     onOpenLogs={() => setLogsOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenXrayLogs={() => setXrayLogsOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenConfig={openConfig}
+                    onOpenBackup={() => setBackupOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenSystemHistory={() => setSysHistoryOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenXrayMetrics={() => setXrayMetricsOpen(true)}
+                    onOpenPanelUpdate={() => setPanelUpdateOpen(true)}
                     onOpenVersionSwitch={() => setVersionOpen(true)}
                   />
-                  </Col>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
+                  {health && (
-                    <Card
+                    <div className="ov-health" style={{ color: health.color }}>
-                      title={t('menu.link')}
+                      <span className="ov-health-mark" />
-                      hoverable
+                      {health.text}
-                      actions={[
+                    </div>
-                        <Space className="action" key="logs" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.logs')} onClick={() => setLogsOpen(true)} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setLogsOpen(true))}>
-                          <BarsOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.logs')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space className="action" key="config" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.config')} onClick={openConfig} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(openConfig)}>
-                          <ControlOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.config')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space className="action" key="backup" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.backupTitle')} onClick={() => setBackupOpen(true)} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setBackupOpen(true))}>
-                          <CloudServerOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.backupTitle')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                      ]}
-                    />
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card
-                      title={
-                        <Space>
-                          <span>3X-UI</span>
-                          {isMobile && displayVersion && (
-                            <Tag color={panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable ? 'orange' : 'green'}>
-                              {panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable
-                                ? formatPanelVersion(panelUpdateInfo.latestVersion)
-                                : formatPanelVersion(displayVersion)}
-                            </Tag>
                   )}
-                        </Space>
-                      }
-                      hoverable
-                      actions={[
-                        <Space className="action" key="tg" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label="@XrayUI" onClick={openTelegram} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(openTelegram)}>
-                          <TelegramFilled aria-hidden="true" />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>@XrayUI</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space
-                          key="panel-version"
-                          className={`action ${panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable ? 'action-update' : ''}`}
-                          role="button"
-                          tabIndex={0}
-                          aria-label={t('pages.index.updatePanel')}
-                          onClick={openPanelVersion}
-                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(openPanelVersion)}
-                        >
-                          <CloudDownloadOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && (
-                            <span>
-                              {panelUpdateInfo.updateAvailable
-                                ? `${t('update')} ${formatPanelVersion(panelUpdateInfo.latestVersion)}`
-                                : formatPanelVersion(displayVersion)}
-                            </span>
-                          )}
-                        </Space>,
-                      ]}
-                    />
-                  </Col>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
+                  <hr className="ov-rule" />
-                    <Card
-                      title={t('pages.index.charts')}
-                      hoverable
-                      actions={[
-                        <Space
-                          className="action"
-                          key="sys-history"
-                          role="button"
-                          tabIndex={0}
-                          aria-label={t('pages.index.systemHistoryTitle')}
-                          onClick={() => setSysHistoryOpen(true)}
-                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setSysHistoryOpen(true))}
-                        >
-                          <AreaChartOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.systemHistoryTitle')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                        <Space
-                          className="action"
-                          key="xray-metrics"
-                          role="button"
-                          tabIndex={0}
-                          aria-label={t('pages.index.xrayMetricsTitle')}
-                          onClick={() => setXrayMetricsOpen(true)}
-                          onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setXrayMetricsOpen(true))}
-                        >
-                          <AreaChartOutlined />
-                          {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.xrayMetricsTitle')}</span>}
-                        </Space>,
-                      ]}
-                    />
-                  </Col>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
+                  <div className="ov-vitals">
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.operationHours')} hoverable>
+                    <VitalTile
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
+                      icon={<DashboardOutlined />}
-                        <Col span={12}>
+                      label={t('pages.index.cpu')}
-                          <Statistic
+                      percent={status.cpu.percent}
-                            title="Xray"
+                      statusColor={status.cpu.color}
-                            value={TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.appStats.uptime)}
+                      detail={`${CPUFormatter.cpuCoreFormat(status.cpuCores)} / ${status.logicalPro}T · ${CPUFormatter.cpuSpeedFormat(status.cpuSpeedMhz)}`}
-                            prefix={<ThunderboltOutlined />}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.cpu).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.peak')} ${peak(history.series.cpu).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.cpu}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
                     />
-                        </Col>
+                    <VitalTile
-                        <Col span={12}>
+                      icon={<DatabaseOutlined />}
-                          <Statistic
+                      label={t('pages.index.memory')}
-                            title="OS"
+                      percent={status.mem.percent}
-                            value={TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.uptime)}
+                      statusColor={status.mem.color}
-                            prefix={<DesktopOutlined />}
+                      detail={`${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.current)} / ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.total)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.mem).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.peak')} ${peak(history.series.mem).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.mem}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
                     />
-                        </Col>
+                    <VitalTile
-                      </Row>
+                      icon={<SwapOutlined />}
-                    </Card>
+                      label={t('pages.index.swap')}
-                  </Col>
+                      percent={status.swap.percent}
+                      statusColor={status.swap.color}
+                      detail={`${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.current)} / ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.total)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.swap).toFixed(1)}%`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.peak')} ${peak(history.series.swap).toFixed(0)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.swap}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
+                    />
+                    <VitalTile
+                      icon={<HddOutlined />}
+                      label={t('pages.index.storage')}
+                      percent={status.disk.percent}
+                      statusColor={status.disk.color}
+                      detail={`${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.disk.current)} / ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(totalDisk)}`}
+                      footLeft={`${t('pages.index.free')} ${SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(freeDisk)}`}
+                      footRight={`${t('pages.index.avg')} ${mean(history.series.diskUsage).toFixed(1)}%`}
+                      data={history.series.diskUsage}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
+                    />
+                  </div>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
+                  <div className="ov-mid">
-                    <Card title={t('usage')} hoverable>
+                    <ThroughputCard
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
+                      status={status}
-                        <Col span={12}>
+                      up={history.series.netUp}
-                          <Statistic
+                      down={history.series.netDown}
-                            title={t('pages.index.memory')}
+                      labels={history.labels}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.appStats.mem)}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
-                            prefix={<DatabaseOutlined />}
                     />
-                        </Col>
+                    <ConnectionsCard
-                        <Col span={12}>
+                      status={status}
-                          <Statistic
+                      tcp={history.series.tcpCount}
-                            title={t('pages.index.threads')}
+                      udp={history.series.udpCount}
-                            value={status.appStats.threads}
+                      labels={history.labels}
-                            prefix={<ForkOutlined />}
+                      isMobile={isMobile}
                     />
-                        </Col>
+                  </div>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
 
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
+                  <SystemStrip
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.overallSpeed')} hoverable>
+                    status={status}
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
+                    showIp={showIp}
-                        <Col span={12}>
+                    onToggleIp={() => setShowIp((v) => !v)}
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.upload')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netIO.up)}
-                            prefix={<ArrowUpOutlined />}
-                            suffix="/s"
                   />
-                        </Col>
+                </div>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.download')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netIO.down)}
-                            prefix={<ArrowDownOutlined />}
-                            suffix="/s"
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.totalData')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.sent')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.sent)}
-                            prefix={<CloudUploadOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title={t('pages.index.received')}
-                            value={SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.recv)}
-                            prefix={<CloudDownloadOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card
-                      title={t('pages.index.ipAddresses')}
-                      hoverable
-                      extra={
-                        <Tooltip
-                          title={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
-                          placement={isMobile ? 'topRight' : 'top'}
-                        >
-                          {showIp ? (
-                            <EyeOutlined
-                              className="ip-toggle-icon"
-                              role="button"
-                              tabIndex={0}
-                              aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
-                              onClick={() => setShowIp(false)}
-                              onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setShowIp(false))}
-                            />
-                          ) : (
-                            <EyeInvisibleOutlined
-                              className="ip-toggle-icon"
-                              role="button"
-                              tabIndex={0}
-                              aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
-                              onClick={() => setShowIp(true)}
-                              onKeyDown={activateOnKey(() => setShowIp(true))}
-                            />
-                          )}
-                        </Tooltip>
-                      }
-                    >
-                      <Row className={showIp ? 'ip-visible' : 'ip-hidden'} gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={isMobile ? 24 : 12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="IPv4"
-                            value={status.publicIP.ipv4}
-                            prefix={<GlobalOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={isMobile ? 24 : 12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="IPv6"
-                            value={status.publicIP.ipv6}
-                            prefix={<GlobalOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-
-                  <Col xs={24} lg={12}>
-                    <Card title={t('pages.index.connectionCount')} hoverable>
-                      <Row gutter={isMobile ? [8, 8] : 0}>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="TCP"
-                            value={status.tcpCount}
-                            prefix={<SwapOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                        <Col span={12}>
-                          <Statistic
-                            title="UDP"
-                            value={status.udpCount}
-                            prefix={<SwapOutlined />}
-                          />
-                        </Col>
-                      </Row>
-                    </Card>
-                  </Col>
-                </Row>
               )}
             </Spin>
           </Layout.Content>

frontend/src/pages/index/OverviewActionBar.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+import { Fragment } from 'react';
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Button, Tag, Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import {
+  ArrowUpOutlined,
+  AreaChartOutlined,
+  BarsOutlined,
+  CloudDownloadOutlined,
+  CloudServerOutlined,
+  ControlOutlined,
+  FileTextOutlined,
+  PoweroffOutlined,
+  ReloadOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { formatPanelVersion } from '@/lib/panel-version';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+interface OverviewActionBarProps {
+  status: Status;
+  isMobile: boolean;
+  accessLogEnable: boolean;
+  panelVersion: string;
+  latestVersion: string;
+  updateAvailable: boolean;
+  onStopXray: () => void;
+  onRestartXray: () => void;
+  onOpenLogs: () => void;
+  onOpenXrayLogs: () => void;
+  onOpenConfig: () => void;
+  onOpenBackup: () => void;
+  onOpenSystemHistory: () => void;
+  onOpenXrayMetrics: () => void;
+  onOpenPanelUpdate: () => void;
+  onOpenVersionSwitch: () => void;
+}
+
+interface BarAction {
+  key: string;
+  icon: ReactNode;
+  text: string;
+  onClick: () => void;
+  primary?: boolean;
+}
+
+const XRAY_STATE_KEYS: Record<string, string> = {
+  running: 'pages.index.xrayStatusRunning',
+  stop: 'pages.index.xrayStatusStop',
+  error: 'pages.index.xrayStatusError',
+};
+
+export default function OverviewActionBar({
+  status,
+  isMobile,
+  accessLogEnable,
+  panelVersion,
+  latestVersion,
+  updateAvailable,
+  onStopXray,
+  onRestartXray,
+  onOpenLogs,
+  onOpenXrayLogs,
+  onOpenConfig,
+  onOpenBackup,
+  onOpenSystemHistory,
+  onOpenXrayMetrics,
+  onOpenPanelUpdate,
+  onOpenVersionSwitch,
+}: OverviewActionBarProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const stateText = t(XRAY_STATE_KEYS[status.xray.state] ?? 'pages.index.xrayStatusUnknown');
+  const hasVersion = !!status.xray.version && status.xray.version !== 'Unknown';
+  const size = isMobile ? ('small' as const) : ('middle' as const);
+
+  const actionGroups: BarAction[][] = [
+    [
+      { key: 'restart', icon: <ReloadOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.restartXray'), onClick: onRestartXray, primary: true },
+      { key: 'stop', icon: <PoweroffOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.stopXray'), onClick: onStopXray },
+    ],
+    [
+      { key: 'logs', icon: <BarsOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.logs'), onClick: onOpenLogs },
+      ...(accessLogEnable
+        ? [{ key: 'accessLogs', icon: <FileTextOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.accessLogs'), onClick: onOpenXrayLogs }]
+        : []),
+      { key: 'config', icon: <ControlOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.config'), onClick: onOpenConfig },
+      { key: 'backup', icon: <CloudServerOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.backupTitle'), onClick: onOpenBackup },
+    ],
+    [
+      { key: 'history', icon: <AreaChartOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.systemHistoryTitle'), onClick: onOpenSystemHistory },
+      { key: 'metrics', icon: <ArrowUpOutlined />, text: t('pages.index.xrayMetricsTitle'), onClick: onOpenXrayMetrics },
+    ],
+  ];
+
+  const statePill = (
+    <span className="ov-state" data-state={status.xray.state}>
+      <span className="ov-state-dot" style={{ color: status.xray.color }} />
+      <span>{`${t('pages.index.xrayStatus')} · ${stateText}`}</span>
+      {hasVersion && (
+        <Tooltip title={t('pages.index.xraySwitch')}>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            className="ov-state-version"
+            onClick={onOpenVersionSwitch}
+          >
+            {`v${status.xray.version}`}
+          </button>
+        </Tooltip>
+      )}
+    </span>
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <div className="ov-bar">
+      {status.xray.state === 'error' && status.xray.errorMsg ? (
+        <Tooltip title={<span className="ov-error-detail">{status.xray.errorMsg}</span>}>
+          {statePill}
+        </Tooltip>
+      ) : (
+        statePill
+      )}
+
+      {updateAvailable ? (
+        <Tag
+          className="ov-update-tag"
+          color="warning"
+          icon={<CloudDownloadOutlined />}
+          onClick={onOpenPanelUpdate}
+        >
+          {`${t('update')} ${formatPanelVersion(latestVersion)}`}
+        </Tag>
+      ) : (
+        <Tooltip title={t('pages.index.updatePanel')}>
+          <button type="button" className="ov-panel-version ov-mono" onClick={onOpenPanelUpdate}>
+            {formatPanelVersion(panelVersion)}
+          </button>
+        </Tooltip>
+      )}
+
+      <div className="ov-bar-actions">
+        {actionGroups.map((group, groupIndex) => (
+          <Fragment key={group[0].key}>
+            {groupIndex > 0 && <span className="ov-bar-sep" />}
+            {group.map((action) => (
+              <Button
+                key={action.key}
+                type={action.primary ? undefined : 'text'}
+                color={action.primary ? 'primary' : undefined}
+                variant={action.primary ? 'outlined' : undefined}
+                size={size}
+                icon={action.icon}
+                aria-label={action.text}
+                onClick={action.onClick}
+              >
+                {isMobile ? undefined : action.text}
+              </Button>
+            ))}
+          </Fragment>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/StatusCard.css

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-.status-card .text-center {
-  text-align: center;
-}
-
-.status-card .ant-progress-text,
-.status-card .ant-progress-indicator {
-  font-size: 12px !important;
-  font-weight: 500;
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/StatusCard.tsx

@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
-import { Card, Col, Progress, Row, Tooltip } from 'antd';
-import { AreaChartOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
-
-import { CPUFormatter, SizeFormatter } from '@/utils';
-import { useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
-import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
-import './StatusCard.css';
-
-interface StatusCardProps {
-  status: Status;
-  isMobile: boolean;
-}
-
-export default function StatusCard({ status, isMobile }: StatusCardProps) {
-  const { t } = useTranslation();
-  const { isDark, isUltra } = useTheme();
-  const gaugeSize = isMobile ? 60 : 90;
-  const strokeWidth = isMobile ? 7 : 5;
-  const railColor = isDark
-    ? isUltra ? 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1)' : 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16)'
-    : 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08)';
-
-  return (
-    <Card hoverable className="status-card">
-      <Row gutter={[0, isMobile ? 16 : 0]}>
-        <Col xs={24} md={12}>
-          <Row>
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.cpu.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.cpu.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.cpu')}:</b> {CPUFormatter.cpuCoreFormat(status.cpuCores)}
-                <Tooltip
-                  title={
-                    <>
-                      <div>
-                        <b>{t('pages.index.logicalProcessors')}:</b> {status.logicalPro}
-                      </div>
-                      <div>
-                        <b>{t('pages.index.frequency')}:</b>{' '}
-                        {CPUFormatter.cpuSpeedFormat(status.cpuSpeedMhz)}
-                      </div>
-                    </>
-                  }
-                >
-                  <AreaChartOutlined />
-                </Tooltip>
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.mem.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.mem.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.memory')}:</b> {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.current)} /{' '}
-                {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.mem.total)}
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-          </Row>
-        </Col>
-
-        <Col xs={24} md={12}>
-          <Row>
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.swap.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.swap.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.swap')}:</b> {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.current)} /{' '}
-                {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.swap.total)}
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-
-            <Col span={12} className="text-center">
-              <Progress
-                type="dashboard"
-                status="normal"
-                strokeColor={status.disk.color}
-                railColor={railColor}
-                strokeWidth={strokeWidth}
-                percent={status.disk.percent}
-                size={gaugeSize}
-              />
-              <div>
-                <b>{t('pages.index.storage')}:</b> {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.disk.current)} /{' '}
-                {SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.disk.total)}
-              </div>
-            </Col>
-          </Row>
-        </Col>
-      </Row>
-    </Card>
-  );
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/SystemStrip.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Card, Tooltip } from 'antd';
+import {
+  ClockCircleOutlined,
+  DatabaseOutlined,
+  EyeInvisibleOutlined,
+  EyeOutlined,
+  GlobalOutlined,
+} from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { SizeFormatter, TimeFormatter } from '@/utils';
+import { activateOnKey } from '@/utils/a11y';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+interface SystemStripProps {
+  status: Status;
+  showIp: boolean;
+  onToggleIp: () => void;
+}
+
+export default function SystemStrip({ status, showIp, onToggleIp }: SystemStripProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-strip-grid">
+        <div className="ov-strip-cell">
+          <div className="ov-kicker ov-kicker-icon">
+            <ClockCircleOutlined />
+            {t('pages.index.uptime')}
+          </div>
+          <div className="ov-strip-split">
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">Xray</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.appStats.uptime)}</div>
+            </div>
+            <span className="ov-strip-split-sep" />
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">OS</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{TimeFormatter.formatSecond(status.uptime)}</div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="ov-strip-cell">
+          <div className="ov-kicker ov-kicker-icon">
+            <DatabaseOutlined />
+            {t('pages.index.panel')}
+          </div>
+          <div className="ov-strip-split">
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">{t('pages.index.memory')}</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.appStats.mem)}</div>
+            </div>
+            <span className="ov-strip-split-sep" />
+            <div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-sub">{t('pages.index.threads')}</div>
+              <div className="ov-strip-value">{status.appStats.threads}</div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="ov-strip-cell">
+          <div className="ov-kicker ov-kicker-icon">
+            <GlobalOutlined />
+            {t('pages.index.ipAddresses')}
+            <Tooltip title={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}>
+              {showIp ? (
+                <EyeOutlined
+                  className="ip-toggle-icon"
+                  role="button"
+                  tabIndex={0}
+                  aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
+                  onClick={onToggleIp}
+                  onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onToggleIp)}
+                />
+              ) : (
+                <EyeInvisibleOutlined
+                  className="ip-toggle-icon"
+                  role="button"
+                  tabIndex={0}
+                  aria-label={t('pages.index.toggleIpVisibility')}
+                  onClick={onToggleIp}
+                  onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onToggleIp)}
+                />
+              )}
+            </Tooltip>
+          </div>
+          <div className={`ov-ip${showIp ? '' : ' ip-hidden'}`}>
+            <div className="ov-mono">{status.publicIP.ipv4}</div>
+            <div className="ov-mono ov-ip-v6">{status.publicIP.ipv6}</div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/ThroughputCard.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { Card, theme } from 'antd';
+import { ArrowDownOutlined, ArrowUpOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
+
+import { SizeFormatter } from '@/utils';
+import { Sparkline } from '@/components/viz';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+import { mean, peak } from './useOverviewHistory';
+
+interface ThroughputCardProps {
+  status: Status;
+  up: number[];
+  down: number[];
+  labels: string[];
+  isMobile: boolean;
+}
+
+export default function ThroughputCard({ status, up, down, labels, isMobile }: ThroughputCardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const { token } = theme.useToken();
+  const accent = token.colorPrimary;
+  const downColor = token.colorTextTertiary;
+
+  const referenceLines = useMemo(
+    () => [
+      { y: status.netIO.down, color: downColor, dash: '2 4' },
+      { y: status.netIO.up, color: accent, dash: '2 4' },
+    ],
+    [status.netIO.up, status.netIO.down, accent, downColor],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-wide-head">
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.overallSpeed')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-sub">
+            {`${t('pages.index.throughputSub')} · ${t('pages.index.peak')} ${SizeFormatter.speedFormat(peak(down))}`}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <div className="ov-wide-legend">
+          <div className="ov-legend-label">
+            <ArrowUpOutlined style={{ color: accent }} />
+            {t('pages.index.upload')}
+            <span className="ov-legend-num">{SizeFormatter.speedFormat(status.netIO.up)}</span>
+          </div>
+          <div className="ov-legend-label">
+            <ArrowDownOutlined style={{ color: downColor }} />
+            {t('pages.index.download')}
+            <span className="ov-legend-num">{SizeFormatter.speedFormat(status.netIO.down)}</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-wide-chart">
+        <Sparkline
+          data={up}
+          data2={down}
+          labels={labels}
+          height={isMobile ? 140 : 186}
+          strokeWidth={1.75}
+          fillOpacity={0.24}
+          showTooltip
+          showLegend={false}
+          valueMax={null}
+          stroke={accent}
+          stroke2={downColor}
+          name1={t('pages.index.upload')}
+          name2={t('pages.index.download')}
+          yFormatter={SizeFormatter.speedFormat}
+          referenceLines={referenceLines}
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-wide-foot">
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.sent')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-foot-value">{SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.sent)}</div>
+        </div>
+        <span className="ov-foot-sep" />
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.received')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-foot-value">{SizeFormatter.sizeFormat(status.netTraffic.recv)}</div>
+        </div>
+        <span className="ov-foot-sep" />
+        <div>
+          <div className="ov-kicker">{t('pages.index.avgWindow')}</div>
+          <div className="ov-foot-value">
+            <span className="ov-foot-part">{`↑ ${SizeFormatter.speedFormat(mean(up))}`}</span>{' '}
+            <span className="ov-foot-part">{`↓ ${SizeFormatter.speedFormat(mean(down))}`}</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/VitalTile.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react';
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { Card, theme } from 'antd';
+
+import { Sparkline } from '@/components/viz';
+import { mean, peak } from './useOverviewHistory';
+
+interface VitalTileProps {
+  icon: ReactNode;
+  label: string;
+  percent: number;
+  statusColor: string;
+  detail: string;
+  footLeft: string;
+  footRight: string;
+  data: number[];
+  isMobile: boolean;
+}
+
+export default function VitalTile({
+  icon,
+  label,
+  percent,
+  statusColor,
+  detail,
+  footLeft,
+  footRight,
+  data,
+  isMobile,
+}: VitalTileProps) {
+  const { token } = theme.useToken();
+  const meanColor = token.colorTextTertiary;
+
+  const referenceLines = useMemo(
+    () => (data.length > 1 ? [{ y: mean(data), dash: '3 4', color: meanColor }] : []),
+    [data, meanColor],
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <Card hoverable className="ov-tile" styles={{ body: { padding: 0 } }}>
+      <div className="ov-tile-head">
+        <span className="ov-tile-icon">{icon}</span>
+        <span className="ov-kicker">{label}</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-value">
+        <span className="ov-tile-number">{percent.toFixed(1)}</span>
+        <span className="ov-tile-unit">%</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-detail">{detail}</div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-foot">
+        <span>{footLeft}</span>
+        <span>{footRight}</span>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="ov-tile-chart">
+        <Sparkline
+          data={data}
+          height={isMobile ? 48 : 62}
+          strokeWidth={1.5}
+          fillOpacity={0.3}
+          showGrid={false}
+          showMarker={false}
+          valueMax={peak(data) > 0 ? null : 100}
+          stroke={statusColor}
+          referenceLines={referenceLines}
+          yFormatter={(v) => `${v.toFixed(0)}%`}
+          name1={label}
+        />
+      </div>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/pages/index/XrayStatusCard.css

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-.xray-status-card .action {
-  cursor: pointer;
-  justify-content: center;
-}
-
-.error-line {
-  display: block;
-  max-width: 400px;
-  white-space: pre-wrap;
-}
-
-.cursor-pointer {
-  cursor: pointer;
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/XrayStatusCard.tsx

@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-import { useMemo } from 'react';
-import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
-import { Badge, Card, Col, Popover, Row, Space, Tag } from 'antd';
-import {
-  BarsOutlined,
-  PoweroffOutlined,
-  ReloadOutlined,
-  ToolOutlined,
-} from '@ant-design/icons';
-
-import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
-import { activateOnKey } from '@/utils/a11y';
-import './XrayStatusCard.css';
-
-interface XrayStatusCardProps {
-  status: Status;
-  isMobile: boolean;
-  accessLogEnable: boolean;
-  onStopXray: () => void;
-  onRestartXray: () => void;
-  onOpenLogs: () => void;
-  onOpenXrayLogs: () => void;
-  onOpenVersionSwitch: () => void;
-}
-
-const XRAY_STATE_KEYS: Record<string, string> = {
-  running: 'pages.index.xrayStatusRunning',
-  stop: 'pages.index.xrayStatusStop',
-  error: 'pages.index.xrayStatusError',
-};
-
-export default function XrayStatusCard({
-  status,
-  isMobile,
-  accessLogEnable,
-  onStopXray,
-  onRestartXray,
-  onOpenLogs,
-  onOpenXrayLogs,
-  onOpenVersionSwitch,
-}: XrayStatusCardProps) {
-  const { t } = useTranslation();
-
-  const stateText = t(XRAY_STATE_KEYS[status.xray.state] ?? 'pages.index.xrayStatusUnknown');
-
-  const title = (
-    <Space>
-      <span>{t('pages.index.xrayStatus')}</span>
-      {isMobile && status.xray.version && status.xray.version !== 'Unknown' && (
-        <Tag color="green">v{status.xray.version}</Tag>
-      )}
-    </Space>
-  );
-
-  const errorLines = useMemo(
-    () => (status.xray.errorMsg || '').split('\n'),
-    [status.xray.errorMsg],
-  );
-
-  const extra =
-    status.xray.state !== 'error' ? (
-      <Badge status="processing" text={stateText} color={status.xray.color} />
-    ) : (
-      <Popover
-        title={
-          <Row align="middle" justify="space-between">
-            <Col>
-              <span>{t('pages.index.xrayStatusError')}</span>
-            </Col>
-            <Col>
-              <BarsOutlined className="cursor-pointer" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.logs')} onClick={onOpenLogs} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onOpenLogs)} />
-            </Col>
-          </Row>
-        }
-        content={
-          <>
-            {errorLines.map((line, i) => (
-              <span key={i} className="error-line">
-                {line}
-              </span>
-            ))}
-          </>
-        }
-      >
-        <Badge status="processing" text={stateText} color={status.xray.color} />
-      </Popover>
-    );
-
-  const actions = [
-    // the xray log viewer reads the access log file, so the button only makes
-    // sense when one is configured (unlike IP limit, which no longer needs it)
-    ...(accessLogEnable
-      ? [
-          <Space className="action" key="xraylogs" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.accessLogs')} onClick={onOpenXrayLogs} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onOpenXrayLogs)}>
-            <BarsOutlined />
-            {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.accessLogs')}</span>}
-          </Space>,
-        ]
-      : []),
-    <Space className="action" key="stop" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.stopXray')} onClick={onStopXray} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onStopXray)}>
-      <PoweroffOutlined />
-      {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.stopXray')}</span>}
-    </Space>,
-    <Space className="action" key="restart" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.restartXray')} onClick={onRestartXray} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onRestartXray)}>
-      <ReloadOutlined />
-      {!isMobile && <span>{t('pages.index.restartXray')}</span>}
-    </Space>,
-    <Space className="action" key="switch" role="button" tabIndex={0} aria-label={t('pages.index.xraySwitch')} onClick={onOpenVersionSwitch} onKeyDown={activateOnKey(onOpenVersionSwitch)}>
-      <ToolOutlined />
-      {!isMobile && (
-        <span>
-          {status.xray.version && status.xray.version !== 'Unknown'
-            ? `v${status.xray.version}`
-            : t('pages.index.xraySwitch')}
-        </span>
-      )}
-    </Space>,
-  ];
-
-  return (
-    <Card hoverable title={title} extra={extra} actions={actions} className="xray-status-card" />
-  );
-}

frontend/src/pages/index/useOverviewHistory.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+
+import { HttpUtil, TimeFormatter } from '@/utils';
+import type { Status } from '@/models/status';
+
+const OVERVIEW_WINDOW = 72;
+const SEED_BUCKET_SECONDS = 2;
+
+const SERIES_KEYS = ['cpu', 'mem', 'swap', 'diskUsage', 'netUp', 'netDown', 'tcpCount', 'udpCount'] as const;
+
+export type OverviewSeriesKey = (typeof SERIES_KEYS)[number];
+
+export interface OverviewHistory {
+  series: Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]>;
+  labels: string[];
+}
+
+interface HistoryPoint {
+  t: number;
+  v: number;
+}
+
+interface HistoryWindow {
+  series: Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]>;
+  times: number[];
+}
+
+function emptySeries(): Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]> {
+  return Object.fromEntries(SERIES_KEYS.map((key) => [key, [] as number[]])) as Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number[]>;
+}
+
+function emptyWindow(): HistoryWindow {
+  return { series: emptySeries(), times: [] };
+}
+
+function sampleOf(status: Status): Record<OverviewSeriesKey, number> {
+  return {
+    cpu: status.cpu.percent,
+    mem: status.mem.percent,
+    swap: status.swap.percent,
+    diskUsage: status.disk.percent,
+    netUp: status.netIO.up,
+    netDown: status.netIO.down,
+    tcpCount: status.tcpCount,
+    udpCount: status.udpCount,
+  };
+}
+
+function tailWindow<T>(values: T[]): T[] {
+  return values.slice(-OVERVIEW_WINDOW);
+}
+
+export function mean(values: number[]): number {
+  if (values.length === 0) return 0;
+  let total = 0;
+  for (const v of values) total += v;
+  return total / values.length;
+}
+
+export function peak(values: number[]): number {
+  let max = 0;
+  for (const v of values) if (v > max) max = v;
+  return max;
+}
+
+/* the seed bucket must be in the backend's allowedHistoryBuckets whitelist;
+   2s is the smallest and matches the status poll cadence */
+export function useOverviewHistory(status: Status, hasData: boolean): OverviewHistory {
+  const [trend, setTrend] = useState<HistoryWindow>(emptyWindow);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    let cancelled = false;
+
+    const seed = async () => {
+      const responses = new Map<OverviewSeriesKey, HistoryPoint[]>();
+      await Promise.all(
+        SERIES_KEYS.map(async (key) => {
+          const msg = await HttpUtil.get<HistoryPoint[]>(
+            `/panel/api/server/history/${key}/${SEED_BUCKET_SECONDS}`,
+            undefined,
+            { silent: true },
+          );
+          if (msg?.success && Array.isArray(msg.obj)) responses.set(key, msg.obj);
+        }),
+      );
+      if (cancelled || responses.size === 0) return;
+
+      let axis: HistoryPoint[] = [];
+      for (const points of responses.values()) {
+        if (points.length > axis.length) axis = points;
+      }
+      axis = tailWindow(axis);
+      if (axis.length === 0) return;
+
+      const seedTimes = axis.map((p) => Number(p.t) || 0);
+      const seedSeries = emptySeries();
+      for (const key of SERIES_KEYS) {
+        const byTs = new Map<number, number>();
+        for (const p of responses.get(key) ?? []) byTs.set(Number(p.t) || 0, Number(p.v) || 0);
+        seedSeries[key] = seedTimes.map((ts) => byTs.get(ts) ?? 0);
+      }
+
+      setTrend((prev) => {
+        const merged = emptyWindow();
+        merged.times = tailWindow(seedTimes.concat(prev.times));
+        for (const key of SERIES_KEYS) {
+          merged.series[key] = tailWindow(seedSeries[key].concat(prev.series[key]));
+        }
+        return merged;
+      });
+    };
+
+    seed().catch(() => undefined);
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true;
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!hasData) return;
+    setTrend((prev) => {
+      const point = sampleOf(status);
+      const next = emptyWindow();
+      next.times = tailWindow(prev.times.concat(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)));
+      for (const key of SERIES_KEYS) {
+        next.series[key] = tailWindow(prev.series[key].concat(point[key]));
+      }
+      return next;
+    });
+  }, [status, hasData]);
+
+  const labels = useMemo(() => trend.times.map(TimeFormatter.formatClock), [trend.times]);
+
+  return useMemo(() => ({ series: trend.series, labels }), [trend.series, labels]);
+}

frontend/src/pages/settings/EmailTab.tsx

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch, Tabs } from 'antd';
 import { MailOutlined, SendOutlined, SettingOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
-import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
+import { DefaultSettingTag, SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { EmailNotifications } from '@/components/ui/notifications/EmailNotifications';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from './catTabLabel';
@@ -62,9 +63,9 @@ export default function EmailTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: EmailTabProps) {
                 onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ smtpHost: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.smtpPort')} description={t('pages.settings.smtpPortDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.smtpPort')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="smtpPort" value={allSetting.smtpPort} />} description={t('pages.settings.smtpPortDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.smtpPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ smtpPort: Number(v) || 587 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ smtpPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.smtpUsername')} description={t('pages.settings.smtpUsernameDesc')}>

frontend/src/pages/settings/GeneralTab.tsx

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ import {
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
 import { HttpUtil, LanguageManager } from '@/utils';
-import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+import { DefaultSettingTag, SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from './catTabLabel';
 import { sanitizePath } from './uriPath';
@@ -168,18 +169,18 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
               <Input value={allSetting.webDomain} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ webDomain: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.panelPort')} description={t('pages.settings.panelPortDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.panelPort')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="webPort" value={allSetting.webPort} />} description={t('pages.settings.panelPortDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.webPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ webPort: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ webPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.panelUrlPath')} description={t('pages.settings.panelUrlPathDesc')}>
               <Input value={allSetting.webBasePath} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ webBasePath: sanitizePath(e.target.value) })} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAge')} description={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAgeDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAge')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="sessionMaxAge" value={allSetting.sessionMaxAge} />} description={t('pages.settings.sessionMaxAgeDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.sessionMaxAge} min={60} max={525600} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ sessionMaxAge: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ sessionMaxAge: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem
@@ -206,9 +207,9 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
               />
             </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.pageSize')} description={t('pages.settings.pageSizeDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.pageSize')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="pageSize" value={allSetting.pageSize} />} description={t('pages.settings.pageSizeDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.pageSize} min={0} max={1000} step={5} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ pageSize: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ pageSize: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
 
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.restartXrayOnClientDisable')} description={t('pages.settings.restartXrayOnClientDisableDesc')}>
@@ -232,13 +233,13 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
         label: catTabLabel(<BellOutlined />, t('pages.settings.notifications'), isMobile),
         children: (
           <>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiff')} description={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiffDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiff')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="expireDiff" value={allSetting.expireDiff} />} description={t('pages.settings.expireTimeDiffDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.expireDiff} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ expireDiff: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ expireDiff: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.trafficDiff')} description={t('pages.settings.trafficDiffDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.trafficDiff')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="trafficDiff" value={allSetting.trafficDiff} />} description={t('pages.settings.trafficDiffDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.trafficDiff} min={0} max={100} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ trafficDiff: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ trafficDiff: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
           </>
         ),
@@ -306,9 +307,9 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.host')}>
               <Input value={allSetting.ldapHost} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ ldapHost: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.port')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.port')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapPort" value={allSetting.ldapPort} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapPort: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.useTls')}>
               <Switch checked={allSetting.ldapUseTLS} onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapUseTLS: v })} />
@@ -385,17 +386,17 @@ export default function GeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: GeneralTabProp
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.autoDelete')}>
               <Switch checked={allSetting.ldapAutoDelete} onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapAutoDelete: v })} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultTotalGb')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultTotalGb')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapDefaultTotalGB" value={allSetting.ldapDefaultTotalGB} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapDefaultTotalGB} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultTotalGB: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultTotalGB: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultExpiryDays')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultExpiryDays')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapDefaultExpiryDays" value={allSetting.ldapDefaultExpiryDays} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapDefaultExpiryDays} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultExpiryDays: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultExpiryDays: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultIpLimit')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.ldap.defaultIpLimit')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="ldapDefaultLimitIP" value={allSetting.ldapDefaultLimitIP} />}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.ldapDefaultLimitIP} min={0} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultLimitIP: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ ldapDefaultLimitIP: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
           </>
         ),

frontend/src/pages/settings/SubscriptionFormatsTab.tsx

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
   SettingOutlined,
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { GoRegexInput } from '@/components/form';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
@@ -279,11 +280,11 @@ export default function SubscriptionFormatsTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: Su
               <div className="format-settings">
                 <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subFormats.concurrency')}>
                   <InputNumber value={muxObj.concurrency} min={-1} max={1024} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                    onChange={(v) => setMuxField('concurrency', Number(v) || 0)} />
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setMuxField('concurrency', v))} />
                 </SettingListItem>
                 <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subFormats.xudpConcurrency')}>
                   <InputNumber value={muxObj.xudpConcurrency} min={-1} max={1024} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                    onChange={(v) => setMuxField('xudpConcurrency', Number(v) || 0)} />
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setMuxField('xudpConcurrency', v))} />
                 </SettingListItem>
                 <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subFormats.xudpUdp443')}>
                   <Select

frontend/src/pages/settings/SubscriptionGeneralTab.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ import { BranchesOutlined, CompassOutlined, IdcardOutlined, InfoCircleOutlined,
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
-import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+import { DefaultSettingTag, SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { RemarkTemplateField } from '@/components/form';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from './catTabLabel';
@@ -55,9 +56,9 @@ export default function SubscriptionGeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: Su
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subDomain')} description={t('pages.settings.subDomainDesc')}>
               <Input value={allSetting.subDomain} onChange={(e) => updateSetting({ subDomain: e.target.value })} />
             </SettingListItem>
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subPort')} description={t('pages.settings.subPortDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subPort')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={allSetting.subPort} />} description={t('pages.settings.subPortDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.subPort} min={1} max={65535} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ subPort: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ subPort: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
             <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subPath')} description={t('pages.settings.subPathDesc')}>
               <Input
@@ -93,10 +94,20 @@ export default function SubscriptionGeneralTab({ allSetting, updateSetting }: Su
                 maxLength={256}
               />
             </SettingListItem>
+            <SettingListItem
+              paddings="small"
+              title={t('pages.settings.subShowIdentityOnAllLinks')}
+              description={t('pages.settings.subShowIdentityOnAllLinksDesc')}
+            >
+              <Switch
+                checked={allSetting.subShowIdentityOnAllLinks}
+                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: v })}
+              />
+            </SettingListItem>
 
-            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subUpdates')} description={t('pages.settings.subUpdatesDesc')}>
+            <SettingListItem paddings="small" title={t('pages.settings.subUpdates')} badge={<DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subUpdates" value={allSetting.subUpdates} />} description={t('pages.settings.subUpdatesDesc')}>
               <InputNumber value={allSetting.subUpdates} min={0} max={525600} style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                onChange={(v) => updateSetting({ subUpdates: Number(v) || 0 })} />
+                onChange={onNumber((v) => updateSetting({ subUpdates: v }))} />
             </SettingListItem>
           </>
         ),

frontend/src/pages/settings/TelegramTab.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Alert, Button, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch, Tabs } from '
 import { BellOutlined, SendOutlined, SettingOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import { LanguageManager } from '@/utils';
 import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import type { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { TelegramNotifications } from '@/components/ui/notifications/TelegramNotifications';
@@ -122,9 +123,10 @@ function NotifyTimeField({ value, onChange }: { value: string; onChange: (v: str
         <Space.Compact style={{ width: '100%' }}>
           <InputNumber
             min={1}
+            precision={0}
             style={{ width: '50%' }}
             value={state.num}
-            onChange={(v) => update({ num: Math.max(1, Number(v) || 1) })}
+            onChange={onNumber((v) => update({ num: Math.max(1, v) }))}
             aria-label={t('pages.settings.notifyTime.interval')}
           />
           <Select<Unit>

frontend/src/pages/xray/balancers/ObservatorySettingsTab.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useMemo } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Empty, Input, InputNumber, Select, Space, Switch, Tag } from 'antd';
 
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import {
   BurstObservatorySchema,
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ export default function ObservatorySettingsTab({
         <InputNumber
           min={1}
           value={burst.pingConfig.sampling}
-          onChange={(v) => patchPingConfig({ sampling: typeof v === 'number' ? v : burst.pingConfig.sampling })}
+          onChange={onNumber((v) => patchPingConfig({ sampling: v }))}
           style={{ width: '100%' }}
         />
       </SettingListItem>

frontend/src/pages/xray/basics/BasicsTab.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Input, InputNumber, Modal, Select, Space, Switch, Tabs } from 'antd';
 import {
@@ -216,10 +217,10 @@ export default function BasicsTab({
                     style={{ width: '100%' }}
                     value={directHappyEyeballs.tryDelayMs}
                     placeholder="150"
-                    onChange={(v) => setDirectHappyEyeballs({
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setDirectHappyEyeballs({
                       ...directHappyEyeballs,
-                      tryDelayMs: typeof v === 'number' ? v : 0,
+                      tryDelayMs: v,
-                    })}
+                    }))}
                   />
                 }
               />

frontend/src/pages/xray/dns/DnsTab.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
 import { Alert, Button, Empty, Input, InputNumber, Modal, Select, Space, Switch, Table, Tabs } from 'antd';
 import {
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
   SettingOutlined,
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import { SettingListItem } from '@/components/ui';
 import { useMediaQuery } from '@/hooks/useMediaQuery';
 import { catTabLabel } from '@/pages/settings/catTabLabel';
@@ -41,6 +42,23 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
 
   const dns = (templateSettings?.dns as DnsConfig | undefined) ?? null;
   const dnsEnabled = !!dns;
+  const sourceHosts = dns?.hosts;
+  const incomingHosts = JSON.stringify(sourceHosts ?? {});
+  const lastWrittenHostsRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!dnsEnabled) {
+      lastWrittenHostsRef.current = '{}';
+      setHostsList([]);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (incomingHosts === lastWrittenHostsRef.current) return;
+    lastWrittenHostsRef.current = incomingHosts;
+    setHostsList(Object.entries(sourceHosts ?? {}).map(([domain, values]) => ({
+      domain,
+      values: Array.isArray(values) ? [...values] : [String(values)],
+    })));
+  }, [dnsEnabled, incomingHosts, sourceHosts]);
 
   const mutate = useCallback(
     (mutator: (next: XraySettingsValue) => void) => {
@@ -78,25 +96,7 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
     });
   }
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!dns) {
-      setHostsList([]);
-      return;
-    }
-    const src = dns.hosts || {};
-    setHostsList(
-      Object.entries(src).map(([domain, val]) => ({
-        domain,
-        values: Array.isArray(val) ? [...val] : [String(val)],
-      })),
-    );
-    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
-  }, [dnsEnabled]);
-
   function syncHosts(next: HostRow[]) {
-    setHostsList(next);
-    mutate((tt) => {
-      if (!tt.dns) return;
     const obj: Record<string, string | string[]> = {};
     for (const row of next) {
       if (!row.domain) continue;
@@ -104,6 +104,10 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
       if (vals.length === 0) continue;
       obj[row.domain] = vals.length === 1 ? vals[0] : vals;
     }
+    lastWrittenHostsRef.current = JSON.stringify(obj);
+    setHostsList(next);
+    mutate((tt) => {
+      if (!tt.dns) return;
       if (Object.keys(obj).length > 0) {
         (tt.dns as DnsConfig).hosts = obj;
       } else if ('hosts' in (tt.dns as DnsConfig)) {
@@ -311,7 +315,7 @@ export default function DnsTab({ templateSettings, setTemplateSettings }: DnsTab
                       min={0}
                       step={60}
                       style={{ width: '100%' }}
-                      onChange={(v) => setDnsField('serveExpiredTTL', Number(v) || 0)}
+                      onChange={onNumber((v) => setDnsField('serveExpiredTTL', v))}
                     />
                   }
                 />

frontend/src/pages/xray/dns/useDnsColumns.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { Button, Dropdown, Input, InputNumber, Space } from 'antd';
 import { MoreOutlined, EditOutlined, DeleteOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
 import type { ColumnsType } from 'antd/es/table';
 
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+
 import { addrFor, domainsFor, expectedIPsFor } from './helpers';
 import type { DnsServerValue } from './DnsServerModal';
 
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ export function useFakednsColumns({
             aria-label={t('pages.xray.fakedns.poolSize')}
             min={1}
             size="small"
-            onChange={(v) => updateFakednsField(index, 'poolSize', Number(v) || 0)}
+            onChange={onNumber((v) => updateFakednsField(index, 'poolSize', v))}
           />
         ),
       },

frontend/src/pages/xray/outbounds/OutboundsTab.tsx

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import {
 } from '@ant-design/icons';
 
 import { HttpUtil } from '@/utils';
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
 import PromptModal from '@/components/feedback/PromptModal';
 import TextModal from '@/components/feedback/TextModal';
 
@@ -626,14 +627,14 @@ export default function OutboundsTab({
                   <InputNumber
                     min={0}
                     value={intervalHours}
-                    onChange={(v) => setIntervalHM(Number(v) || 0, intervalMinutes)}
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setIntervalHM(v, intervalMinutes))}
                     style={{ width: 80 }}
                   /> {t('pages.xray.outboundSub.hours')}
                   <InputNumber
                     min={0}
                     max={59}
                     value={intervalMinutes}
-                    onChange={(v) => setIntervalHM(intervalHours, Number(v) || 0)}
+                    onChange={onNumber((v) => setIntervalHM(intervalHours, v))}
                     style={{ width: 80 }}
                   /> {t('pages.xray.outboundSub.minutes')}
                 </Space>

frontend/src/schemas/client.ts

@@ -68,9 +68,15 @@ export const InboundOptionSchema = z.object({
 
 export const InboundOptionsSchema = z.array(InboundOptionSchema);
 
+// The *Count fields are exact; the email arrays stop at the server's cap and
+// only feed the hover popovers, so never derive a counter from their length.
 export const ClientsSummarySchema = z.object({
   total: z.number(),
   active: z.number(),
+  onlineCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
+  depletedCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
+  expiringCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
+  deactiveCount: z.number().optional().default(0),
   online: nullableStringArray,
   depleted: nullableStringArray,
   expiring: nullableStringArray,

frontend/src/schemas/forms/inbound-form.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ export const InboundDbFieldsSchema = z.object({
   down: z.number().int().min(0).default(0),
   total: z.number().int().min(0).default(0),
   trafficReset: TrafficResetSchema.default('never'),
+  trafficResetDay: z.number().int().min(1).max(31).default(1),
   lastTrafficResetTime: z.number().int().default(0),
   nodeId: z.number().int().nullable().optional(),
   shareAddrStrategy: ShareAddrStrategySchema.default('node'),

frontend/src/schemas/setting.ts

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export const AllSettingSchema = z.object({
   expireDiff: nonNegativeInt.optional(),
   trafficDiff: nonNegativeInt.max(100).optional(),
   remarkTemplate: z.string().optional(),
+  subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: z.boolean().optional(),
   datepicker: z.enum(['gregorian', 'jalalian']).optional(),
   tgBotEnable: z.boolean().optional(),
   tgBotToken: z.string().optional(),
@@ -102,3 +103,7 @@ export const AllSettingSchema = z.object({
 }).loose();
 
 export type AllSettingInput = z.infer<typeof AllSettingSchema>;
+
+export const FactoryDefaultsSchema = z.record(z.string(), z.string());
+
+export type FactoryDefaults = z.infer<typeof FactoryDefaultsSchema>;

frontend/src/test/clients-query-gating.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { renderHook, waitFor, act } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { useClients } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+import { makeTestQueryClient } from '@/test/test-utils';
+import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.restoreAllMocks();
+});
+
+const emptyPage = {
+  items: [],
+  total: 0,
+  filtered: 0,
+  page: 1,
+  pageSize: 25,
+  groups: [],
+  summary: {
+    total: 0,
+    active: 0,
+    onlineCount: 0,
+    depletedCount: 0,
+    expiringCount: 0,
+    deactiveCount: 0,
+    online: [],
+    depleted: [],
+    expiring: [],
+    deactive: [],
+  },
+};
+
+function mockPanel(defaults: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const pagedUrls: string[] = [];
+  vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'get').mockImplementation(async (url: string) => {
+    if (url.includes('/clients/list/paged')) {
+      pagedUrls.push(url);
+      return new Msg(true, '', emptyPage);
+    }
+    if (url.includes('/inbounds/options')) return new Msg(true, '', []);
+    return new Msg(true, '', null);
+  });
+  vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url: string) => {
+    if (url.includes('/setting/defaultSettings')) return new Msg(true, '', defaults);
+    if (url.includes('/clients/onlines')) return new Msg(true, '', []);
+    return new Msg(true, '', null);
+  });
+  return pagedUrls;
+}
+
+function wrapperFor() {
+  const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+  return ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+    <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+  );
+}
+
+describe('useClients query gating', () => {
+  it('does not fetch the list until the page supplies a query', async () => {
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 25 });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    // The page has not called setQuery yet, so nothing should have gone out —
+    // this is what used to cost a thrown-away round trip on every page load.
+    expect(pagedUrls).toEqual([]);
+    expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('issues exactly one request for a page load that settles on one query', async () => {
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 50 });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setQuery({ page: 1, pageSize: 50, sort: 'createdAt', order: 'ascend' });
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    expect(pagedUrls).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(pagedUrls[0]).toContain('pageSize=50');
+    expect(pagedUrls[0]).toContain('sort=createdAt');
+  });
+
+  it('fetches as soon as a query arrives, without waiting for the settings', async () => {
+    // The page remembers the previous visit's page size in localStorage, so on a
+    // return visit it can supply a query on the first render. The hook must not
+    // hold that back behind /setting/defaultSettings, or the two round trips
+    // serialise and the list lands ~160ms later than it needs to.
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 25 });
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setQuery({ page: 1, pageSize: 25, sort: 'createdAt', order: 'ascend' });
+    });
+    await waitFor(() => expect(pagedUrls).toHaveLength(1));
+  });
+
+  it('reports settingsReady even when the settings request fails, so the page can still render', async () => {
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'get').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(true, '', emptyPage));
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(false, 'boom', null));
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients(), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+  });
+
+  it('skips the list, options and onlines queries for mutation-only callers', async () => {
+    const pagedUrls = mockPanel({ pageSize: 25 });
+    const postSpy = vi.mocked(HttpUtil.post);
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useClients({ list: false }), { wrapper: wrapperFor() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setQuery({ page: 1, pageSize: 25, sort: 'createdAt', order: 'ascend' });
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.settingsReady).toBe(true));
+    expect(pagedUrls).toEqual([]);
+    // subSettings still needs defaultSettings; onlines must not be polled.
+    const posted = postSpy.mock.calls.map((c) => String(c[0]));
+    expect(posted.some((u) => u.includes('/setting/defaultSettings'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(posted.some((u) => u.includes('/clients/onlines'))).toBe(false);
+    expect(vi.mocked(HttpUtil.get).mock.calls.map((c) => String(c[0]))).toEqual([]);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/clients-row-cells-memo.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { render, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { ClientInboundChips, ClientRowActions } from '@/pages/clients/RowCells';
+import type { InboundOption } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+
+const PROTOCOL_COLORS = { vless: 'blue', trojan: 'volcano' };
+
+// Counts how often the cell reads the inbound map, which happens once per chip
+// per render. A traffic push re-renders the row, so if the cell is not memoised
+// this climbs every five seconds for every visible row.
+function countingInboundMap(source: Record<number, InboundOption>) {
+  const reads = { count: 0 };
+  const proxy = new Proxy(source, {
+    get(target, key) {
+      if (typeof key === 'string' && /^\d+$/.test(key)) reads.count += 1;
+      return target[key as unknown as number];
+    },
+  });
+  return { proxy, reads };
+}
+
+const INBOUNDS: Record<number, InboundOption> = {
+  1: { id: 1, tag: 'in-vless', remark: 'DE', protocol: 'vless' },
+  2: { id: 2, tag: 'in-trojan', remark: 'NL', protocol: 'trojan' },
+};
+
+function Harness({ children }: { children: (bump: () => void) => React.ReactNode }) {
+  const [, setTick] = useState(0);
+  return <>{children(() => setTick((n) => n + 1))}</>;
+}
+
+describe('clients table row cells', () => {
+  it('does not re-render the inbound chips when the row re-renders with the same attachments', async () => {
+    const { proxy, reads } = countingInboundMap(INBOUNDS);
+    const ids = [1, 2];
+    let bump: () => void = () => {};
+
+    render(
+      <Harness>
+        {(doBump) => {
+          bump = doBump;
+          return (
+            <ClientInboundChips ids={ids} inboundsById={proxy} protocolColors={PROTOCOL_COLORS} chipLimit={1} />
+          );
+        }}
+      </Harness>,
+    );
+
+    const afterFirstRender = reads.count;
+    expect(afterFirstRender).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+
+    // Three simulated traffic pushes: the parent re-renders, the props do not change.
+    for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) bump();
+    await Promise.resolve();
+
+    expect(reads.count).toBe(afterFirstRender);
+  });
+
+  it('re-renders the chips when the attachments actually change', async () => {
+    const { proxy, reads } = countingInboundMap(INBOUNDS);
+
+    function Swapper() {
+      const [ids, setIds] = useState<number[]>([1]);
+      return (
+        <>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setIds([1, 2])}>swap</button>
+          <ClientInboundChips ids={ids} inboundsById={proxy} protocolColors={PROTOCOL_COLORS} chipLimit={1} />
+        </>
+      );
+    }
+    render(<Swapper />);
+    const before = reads.count;
+    await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'swap' }));
+    expect(reads.count).toBeGreaterThan(before);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the row actions wired to the right client across re-renders', async () => {
+    const onShowQr = vi.fn();
+    const onEdit = vi.fn();
+    const noop = vi.fn();
+    let bump: () => void = () => {};
+
+    render(
+      <Harness>
+        {(doBump) => {
+          bump = doBump;
+          return (
+            <ClientRowActions
+              email="alice@x"
+              onShowQr={onShowQr}
+              onShowInfo={noop}
+              onResetTraffic={noop}
+              onEdit={onEdit}
+              onDelete={noop}
+            />
+          );
+        }}
+      </Harness>,
+    );
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) bump();
+
+    // Queried by position rather than label: the suite loads the real en-US
+    // bundle, so the aria-labels are translated strings, not keys. Order is
+    // QR, info, reset traffic, edit, delete.
+    const buttons = screen.getAllByRole('button');
+    expect(buttons).toHaveLength(5);
+    await userEvent.click(buttons[0]);
+    await userEvent.click(buttons[3]);
+
+    expect(onShowQr).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith('alice@x');
+    expect(onEdit).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith('alice@x');
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/clients-summary.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
 
-import { computeClientsSummary } from '@/hooks/useClients';
+import { computeClientsSummary, pickClientsSummary, sameSpeedMap, sameSummaryInputs } from '@/hooks/useClients';
-import type { ClientTraffic } from '@/schemas/client';
+import type { ClientTraffic, ClientsSummary } from '@/schemas/client';
 
 // Parity with web/service/client.go buildClientsSummary: the same client must
 // land in the same bucket whether the count comes from the server (list fetch)
@@ -42,6 +42,24 @@ describe('computeClientsSummary', () => {
     expect(s.active).toBe(2); // online@x + offline@x
   });
 
+  it('reports a counter alongside every bucket list', () => {
+    const stats: Row[] = [
+      row({ email: 'online@x', enable: true }),
+      row({ email: 'disabled@x', enable: false }),
+      row({ email: 'exhausted@x', enable: true, total: 1 * GB, up: 1 * GB }),
+      row({ email: 'nearlimit@x', enable: true, total: 10 * GB, up: 9.9 * GB }),
+    ];
+    const s = computeClientsSummary(stats, new Set(['online@x']), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+
+    // The server caps its lists but never its counters; the live recompute has
+    // both, so the summary card reads the same either way.
+    expect(s.onlineCount).toBe(s.online.length);
+    expect(s.depletedCount).toBe(s.depleted.length);
+    expect(s.expiringCount).toBe(s.expiring.length);
+    expect(s.deactiveCount).toBe(s.deactive.length);
+    expect(s.active + s.depletedCount + s.expiringCount + s.deactiveCount).toBe(s.total);
+  });
+
   it('depleted wins over disabled and over online', () => {
     const stats: Row[] = [
       row({ email: 'a@x', enable: false, total: 1 * GB, up: 2 * GB }),
@@ -60,3 +78,65 @@ describe('computeClientsSummary', () => {
     expect(s.depleted).toEqual([]);
   });
 });
+
+describe('pickClientsSummary', () => {
+  const serverSummary: ClientsSummary = {
+    total: 67, active: 58,
+    onlineCount: 0, depletedCount: 4, expiringCount: 3, deactiveCount: 2,
+    online: [], depleted: [], expiring: [], deactive: [],
+  };
+
+  it('keeps the server summary when the snapshot is short of the server total (#6102)', () => {
+    const shortSnapshot: Row[] = Array.from({ length: 58 }, (_, i) => row({ email: `c${i}@x`, enable: true }));
+    const s = pickClientsSummary(serverSummary, shortSnapshot, new Set(), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+    expect(s).toEqual(serverSummary);
+  });
+
+  it('uses the live recompute when the snapshot covers every client', () => {
+    const fullSnapshot: Row[] = Array.from({ length: 67 }, (_, i) => row({ email: `c${i}@x`, enable: true }));
+    const s = pickClientsSummary(serverSummary, fullSnapshot, new Set(), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+    expect(s.total).toBe(67);
+    expect(s.active).toBe(67);
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to the server summary before the first WS snapshot arrives', () => {
+    const s = pickClientsSummary(serverSummary, [], new Set(), 3 * DAY, 1 * GB);
+    expect(s).toEqual(serverSummary);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('websocket payload identity preservation', () => {
+  const speed = (up: number, down: number) => ({ up, down });
+
+  it('treats an unchanged speed map as unchanged', () => {
+    const a = { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'b@x': speed(3, 4) };
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'b@x': speed(3, 4) })).toBe(true);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2) })).toBe(false);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'b@x': speed(3, 5) })).toBe(false);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap(a, { 'a@x': speed(1, 2), 'c@x': speed(3, 4) })).toBe(false);
+    expect(sameSpeedMap({}, {})).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('compares exactly the fields the summary reads, and ignores lastOnline', () => {
+    const base: Row[] = [row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 })];
+
+    // lastOnline moves for every online client on every push and no counter
+    // depends on it, so it must not force a new snapshot.
+    const onlyLastOnlineMoved: Row[] = [
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99, lastOnline: 12345 }),
+    ];
+    expect(sameSummaryInputs(base, onlyLastOnlineMoved)).toBe(true);
+
+    for (const changed of [
+      row({ email: 'b@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 2, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 3, total: 10, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 11, expiryTime: 99 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 100 }),
+      row({ email: 'a@x', up: 1, down: 2, total: 10, expiryTime: 99, enable: false }),
+    ]) {
+      expect(sameSummaryInputs(base, [changed])).toBe(false);
+    }
+    expect(sameSummaryInputs(base, [])).toBe(false);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/date-time-picker.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import { fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react';
+import dayjs from 'dayjs';
+import type { Dayjs } from 'dayjs';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import DateTimePicker from '@/components/form/DateTimePicker';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+function openPicker(): void {
+  const input = document.querySelector('.ant-picker input');
+  if (!input) throw new Error('picker input not rendered');
+  fireEvent.mouseDown(input);
+  fireEvent.click(input);
+}
+
+function clickDayCell(title: string): void {
+  const cell = document.querySelector(`.ant-picker-cell[title="${title}"] .ant-picker-cell-inner`);
+  if (!cell) throw new Error(`day cell ${title} not rendered`);
+  fireEvent.click(cell);
+}
+
+describe('DateTimePicker', () => {
+  it('commits a clicked calendar date without an OK press', () => {
+    const onChange = vi.fn<(next: Dayjs | null) => void>();
+    renderWithProviders(<DateTimePicker value={null} onChange={onChange} />);
+
+    openPicker();
+    const tomorrow = dayjs().add(1, 'day').format('YYYY-MM-DD');
+    clickDayCell(tomorrow);
+
+    expect(onChange).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    const committed = onChange.mock.calls.at(-1)?.[0];
+    expect(committed?.format('YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss')).toBe(`${tomorrow} 00:00:00`);
+  });
+
+  it('renders no OK confirm button in the picker footer', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(<DateTimePicker value={null} onChange={vi.fn()} />);
+
+    openPicker();
+
+    expect(document.querySelector('.ant-picker-ok')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/default-setting-tag.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import { screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+import DefaultSettingTag, { matchesFactoryDefault } from '@/components/ui/DefaultSettingTag';
+import { makeTestQueryClient, renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+function clientWithDefaults(defaults: Record<string, string>) {
+  const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+  queryClient.setQueryData(keys.settings.factoryDefaults(), defaults);
+  return queryClient;
+}
+
+describe('matchesFactoryDefault', () => {
+  it('compares by value with type-aware coercion', () => {
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(2096, '2096')).toBe(true);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(8443, '2096')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(true, 'true')).toBe(true);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(false, 'true')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault('/sub/', '/sub/')).toBe(true);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault('/other/', '/sub/')).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('never matches when the key has no shipped default', () => {
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(2096, undefined)).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects blank or unparsable defaults instead of coercing them', () => {
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(0, '')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(0, '  ')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(0, 'none')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(false, '')).toBe(false);
+    expect(matchesFactoryDefault(false, 'no')).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('DefaultSettingTag', () => {
+  it('shows the tag when the current value equals the shipped default, however it got there', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={2096} />,
+      { queryClient: clientWithDefaults({ subPort: '2096' }) },
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.getByText('Default')).toBeDefined();
+  });
+
+  it('renders nothing when the value differs from the default', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={8443} />,
+      { queryClient: clientWithDefaults({ subPort: '2096' }) },
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Default')).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it('renders nothing while defaults are unknown', () => {
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <DefaultSettingTag settingKey="subPort" value={2096} />,
+      { queryClient: makeTestQueryClient() },
+    );
+
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Default')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/dns-tab.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import { useState } from 'react';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { fireEvent, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+
+import DnsTab from '@/pages/xray/dns/DnsTab';
+import type { SetTemplate, XraySettingsValue } from '@/hooks/useXraySetting';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+function withHosts(hosts: Record<string, string>): XraySettingsValue {
+  return {
+    dns: {
+      hosts,
+      servers: [],
+    },
+  } as unknown as XraySettingsValue;
+}
+
+describe('DnsTab', () => {
+  it('keeps an empty row after adding a host', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />;
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <Harness />,
+    );
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /Add Host$/ }));
+
+    expect(screen.getAllByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)')).toHaveLength(2);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps a row visible while its domain is incomplete', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />;
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(<Harness />);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)'), { target: { value: '' } });
+
+    expect((screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)') as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('');
+  });
+
+  it('shows hosts from an externally refreshed configuration', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return (
+        <>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setTemplateSettings(withHosts({ 'second.example': '2.2.2.2' }))}>
+            Refresh hosts
+          </button>
+          <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />
+        </>
+      );
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(<Harness />);
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    expect((screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)') as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('first.example');
+
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Refresh hosts' }));
+    expect((screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)') as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('second.example');
+  });
+
+  it('clears an incomplete host draft when DNS is disabled', () => {
+    function Harness() {
+      const [templateSettings, setTemplateSettings] = useState<XraySettingsValue | null>(withHosts({ 'first.example': '1.1.1.1' }));
+      const updateTemplate: SetTemplate = (next) => {
+        setTemplateSettings((current) => (typeof next === 'function' ? next(current) : next));
+      };
+
+      return (
+        <>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setTemplateSettings({})}>Disable DNS</button>
+          <button type="button" onClick={() => setTemplateSettings(withHosts({}))}>Enable DNS</button>
+          <DnsTab templateSettings={templateSettings} setTemplateSettings={updateTemplate} />
+        </>
+      );
+    }
+
+    renderWithProviders(<Harness />);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)'), { target: { value: '' } });
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Disable DNS' }));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Enable DNS' }));
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('tab', { name: /Hosts$/ }));
+
+    expect(screen.queryByLabelText('Domain (e.g. domain:example.com)')).toBeNull();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/factory-defaults-contract.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { resolve } from 'node:path';
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { matchesFactoryDefault } from '@/components/ui/DefaultSettingTag';
+import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+
+/*
+ * Contract test between the three homes of a setting's default value: the Go
+ * defaultValueMap (authoritative, served by /setting/factoryDefaults), the
+ * frontend AllSetting class defaults (what the form shows when the API omits
+ * a value), and the tag's own comparison. If someone bumps a default on one
+ * side only, the Default tag would start calling a different value "Default"
+ * than the one the form displays — this test fails instead.
+ */
+
+function goDefaultLiterals(): Record<string, string> {
+  const source = readFileSync(
+    resolve(process.cwd(), '..', 'internal', 'web', 'service', 'setting.go'),
+    'utf8',
+  );
+  const start = source.indexOf('var defaultValueMap = map[string]string{');
+  const end = source.indexOf('\n}', start);
+  const block = source.slice(start, end);
+  const literals: Record<string, string> = {};
+  for (const match of block.matchAll(/"([A-Za-z0-9]+)":\s+"((?:[^"\\]|\\.)*)"\s*,/g)) {
+    literals[match[1]] = JSON.parse(`"${match[2]}"`);
+  }
+  return literals;
+}
+
+describe('factory defaults contract', () => {
+  const goDefaults = goDefaultLiterals();
+  const frontend = new AllSetting() as unknown as Record<string, unknown>;
+  const sharedKeys = Object.keys(goDefaults).filter((key) => {
+    const value = frontend[key];
+    return typeof value === 'number' || typeof value === 'boolean' || typeof value === 'string';
+  });
+
+  it('parses a plausible slice of the Go map', () => {
+    expect(goDefaults.webPort).toBe('2053');
+    expect(goDefaults.subPort).toBe('2096');
+    expect(sharedKeys.length).toBeGreaterThan(20);
+  });
+
+  it.each(sharedKeys)('frontend default for %s matches the shipped default', (key) => {
+    expect(
+      matchesFactoryDefault(frontend[key], goDefaults[key]),
+      `AllSetting.${key} = ${JSON.stringify(frontend[key])} vs defaultValueMap ${JSON.stringify(goDefaults[key])}`,
+    ).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/general-tab.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { fireEvent, screen } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { MemoryRouter } from 'react-router';
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+import GeneralTab from '@/pages/settings/GeneralTab';
+import { renderWithProviders } from './test-utils';
+
+describe('GeneralTab', () => {
+  it('keeps the stored page size when the field is cleared', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings']}>
+        <GeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ pageSize: 25 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    const pageSizeInput = screen.getByDisplayValue('25');
+    fireEvent.change(pageSizeInput, { target: { value: '' } });
+    fireEvent.blur(pageSizeInput);
+
+    expect(updateSetting).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect((pageSizeInput as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('25');
+  });
+
+  it('forwards typed page sizes unchanged, zero included', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings']}>
+        <GeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ pageSize: 25 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByDisplayValue('25'), { target: { value: '0' } });
+
+    expect(updateSetting).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ pageSize: 0 });
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/http-init.test.tsx

@@ -193,4 +193,87 @@ describe('http-init fetch wrapper', () => {
 
     expect(initOf().signal).toBeInstanceOf(AbortSignal);
   });
+
+  it('preserves a caller cancellation signal when a timeout is set', async () => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 1_000, signal: controller.signal });
+    controller.abort();
+
+    expect(initOf().signal?.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('preserves both cancellation paths when AbortSignal.any is unavailable', async () => {
+    const timeout = AbortSignal.timeout.bind(AbortSignal);
+    vi.resetModules();
+    vi.stubGlobal('AbortSignal', { timeout });
+    http = await import('@/api/http-init');
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 1_000, signal: controller.signal });
+    controller.abort();
+
+    expect(initOf().signal?.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('times out when AbortSignal.any is unavailable', async () => {
+    const timeout = AbortSignal.timeout.bind(AbortSignal);
+    vi.resetModules();
+    vi.stubGlobal('AbortSignal', { timeout });
+    http = await import('@/api/http-init');
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 20, signal: controller.signal });
+    const signal = initOf().signal as AbortSignal;
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => signal.addEventListener('abort', () => resolve(), { once: true }));
+
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('aborts on the timeout when a caller signal is present', async () => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x', undefined, { timeout: 20, signal: controller.signal });
+    const signal = initOf().signal as AbortSignal;
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      if (signal.aborted) {
+        resolve();
+        return;
+      }
+      signal.addEventListener('abort', () => resolve(), { once: true });
+    });
+
+    expect(signal.aborted).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    ['/x?keep=1', '/x?keep=1&added=yes'],
+    ['/x?', '/x?added=yes'],
+    ['/x#frag', '/x?added=yes#frag'],
+    ['/x?keep=1#frag', '/x?keep=1&added=yes#frag'],
+  ])('appends encoded params to %s', async (url, expected) => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', url, undefined, { params: { added: 'yes' } });
+
+    expect(urlOf()).toBe(expected);
+  });
+
+  it('preserves the URL when no params are supplied', async () => {
+    http.setupHttp();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValue(okEnvelope());
+
+    await http.httpRequest('GET', '/x?keep=1#frag');
+
+    expect(urlOf()).toBe('/x?keep=1#frag');
+  });
 });

frontend/src/test/i18n-dead-keys.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import { readFileSync, readdirSync, statSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import { join, resolve } from 'node:path';
+
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+/*
+ * Guards the 13-locale translation set two ways: every key in en-US must be
+ * referenced somewhere in the frontend or Go sources (dead keys accumulate
+ * silently — this test deleted over two hundred of them when it was
+ * introduced), and every locale must carry exactly the en-US key set
+ * (missing keys fall back to en-US at runtime, so nothing else fails the
+ * build when a translation is forgotten).
+ *
+ * References are matched as whole dotted tokens, not substrings, so a dead
+ * key cannot hide behind a longer live sibling. Dynamically built keys are
+ * covered by harvesting the string-literal prefixes that appear next to
+ * concatenation or template-literal interpolation; the prefix needs at
+ * least one dot but need not end on one, so a literal that stops mid-leaf
+ * right before the interpolation still keeps its subtree alive. This file
+ * excludes itself from the scan so the prose above cannot whitelist
+ * anything.
+ */
+
+const repoRoot = resolve(process.cwd(), '..');
+const translationDir = join(repoRoot, 'internal', 'web', 'translation');
+const selfPath = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
+
+function flattenKeys(obj: Record<string, unknown>, prefix = ''): string[] {
+  const keys: string[] = [];
+  for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(obj)) {
+    const key = `${prefix}${k}`;
+    if (v !== null && typeof v === 'object') {
+      keys.push(...flattenKeys(v as Record<string, unknown>, `${key}.`));
+    } else {
+      keys.push(key);
+    }
+  }
+  return keys;
+}
+
+function collectSources(dir: string, exts: string[], out: string[]): void {
+  for (const entry of readdirSync(dir)) {
+    if (['node_modules', 'dist', 'generated', '.git', '.local', 'storybook-static'].includes(entry)) continue;
+    const full = join(dir, entry);
+    if (statSync(full).isDirectory()) {
+      collectSources(full, exts, out);
+    } else if (exts.some((ext) => entry.endsWith(ext)) && resolve(full) !== selfPath) {
+      out.push(readFileSync(full, 'utf8'));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+describe('i18n keys', () => {
+  const enUS = JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(translationDir, 'en-US.json'), 'utf8'));
+  const enKeys = flattenKeys(enUS);
+
+  const sources: string[] = [];
+  collectSources(join(repoRoot, 'frontend', 'src'), ['.ts', '.tsx'], sources);
+  collectSources(join(repoRoot, 'internal'), ['.go'], sources);
+  const blob = sources.join('\n');
+
+  const tokens = new Set(blob.match(/[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_.]*/g) ?? []);
+
+  const prefixes: string[] = [];
+  for (const match of blob.matchAll(/['"`]([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:\.[A-Za-z0-9_]+)+\.?)['"`]\s*\+/g)) {
+    prefixes.push(match[1]);
+  }
+  for (const match of blob.matchAll(/[`']([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*(?:\.[A-Za-z0-9_]+)+\.?)\$\{/g)) {
+    prefixes.push(match[1]);
+  }
+
+  it('every en-US key is referenced by the frontend or Go sources', () => {
+    const dead = enKeys.filter(
+      (key) => !tokens.has(key) && !prefixes.some((p) => key.startsWith(p)),
+    );
+    expect(dead, `dead i18n keys (delete from all 13 locales):\n  ${dead.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('every locale carries exactly the en-US key set', () => {
+    const enSet = new Set(enKeys);
+    for (const file of readdirSync(translationDir)) {
+      if (!file.endsWith('.json') || file === 'en-US.json') continue;
+      const keys = new Set(flattenKeys(JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(translationDir, file), 'utf8'))));
+      const missing = enKeys.filter((k) => !keys.has(k));
+      const orphans = [...keys].filter((k) => !enSet.has(k));
+      expect(missing, `${file} is missing keys:\n  ${missing.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+      expect(orphans, `${file} has keys absent from en-US:\n  ${orphans.join('\n  ')}`).toEqual([]);
+    }
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/inbound-form-adapter.test.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ const vlessRow: RawInboundRow = {
   total: 1_000_000_000,
   expiryTime: 0,
   trafficReset: 'monthly',
+  trafficResetDay: 15,
   lastTrafficResetTime: 0,
   tag: 'inbound-1',
   nodeId: null,
@@ -267,6 +268,7 @@ describe('formValuesToWirePayload', () => {
       enable: payload.enable,
       expiryTime: payload.expiryTime,
       trafficReset: payload.trafficReset,
+      trafficResetDay: payload.trafficResetDay,
       lastTrafficResetTime: payload.lastTrafficResetTime,
       nodeId: payload.nodeId ?? null,
     });
@@ -276,8 +278,13 @@ describe('formValuesToWirePayload', () => {
     expect(replay.listen).toBe(original.listen);
     expect(replay.up).toBe(original.up);
     expect(replay.down).toBe(original.down);
+    expect(replay.trafficResetDay).toBe(original.trafficResetDay);
     expect(replay.streamSettings).toEqual(original.streamSettings);
   });
+
+  it('defaults a missing monthly reset day to the first', () => {
+    expect(rawInboundToFormValues({ ...vlessRow, trafficResetDay: undefined }).trafficResetDay).toBe(1);
+  });
 });
 
 describe('subSortIndex', () => {

frontend/src/test/inbound-link.test.ts

@@ -745,3 +745,73 @@ describe('genVlessLink flow gating (#5322)', () => {
     expect(new URL(link).searchParams.get('flow')).toBe('xtls-rprx-vision');
   });
 });
+
+describe('genVlessLink XHTTP extra compatibility', () => {
+  it('emits both sessionID and legacy session keys in XHTTP extra', () => {
+    const typed = InboundSchema.parse({
+      id: 1,
+      up: 0,
+      down: 0,
+      total: 0,
+      remark: 'xhttp-session',
+      enable: true,
+      expiryTime: 0,
+      listen: '',
+      port: 443,
+      tag: 'inbound-vless-xhttp',
+      sniffing: {
+        enabled: false,
+        destOverride: [],
+        metadataOnly: false,
+        routeOnly: false,
+        ipsExcluded: [],
+        domainsExcluded: [],
+      },
+      protocol: 'vless',
+      settings: {
+        clients: [
+          {
+            id: '11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555',
+            email: 'a@example.test',
+            flow: '',
+            limitIp: 0,
+            totalGB: 0,
+            expiryTime: 0,
+            enable: true,
+            tgId: 0,
+            subId: 's1',
+            comment: '',
+            reset: 0,
+          },
+        ],
+        decryption: 'none',
+        encryption: 'none',
+        fallbacks: [],
+      },
+      streamSettings: {
+        network: 'xhttp',
+        security: 'none',
+        xhttpSettings: {
+          path: '/sp',
+          host: 'edge.example.test',
+          mode: 'auto',
+          sessionIDPlacement: 'header',
+          sessionIDKey: 'X-Session',
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    const link = genVlessLink({
+      inbound: typed,
+      address: 'example.test',
+      port: 443,
+      clientId: '11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555',
+    });
+    const extra = JSON.parse(new URL(link).searchParams.get('extra') ?? '{}') as Record<string, unknown>;
+
+    expect(extra.sessionIDPlacement).toBe('header');
+    expect(extra.sessionIDKey).toBe('X-Session');
+    expect(extra.sessionPlacement).toBe('header');
+    expect(extra.sessionKey).toBe('X-Session');
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/on-number.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { onNumber } from '@/utils/onNumber';
+
+describe('onNumber', () => {
+  it('forwards numeric values, including zero and negatives', () => {
+    const apply = vi.fn();
+    const handler = onNumber(apply);
+    handler(8443);
+    handler(0);
+    handler(-1);
+    expect(apply.mock.calls).toEqual([[8443], [0], [-1]]);
+  });
+
+  it('ignores cleared events instead of writing a synthetic value', () => {
+    const apply = vi.fn();
+    const handler = onNumber(apply);
+    handler(null);
+    handler(undefined);
+    handler(NaN);
+    expect(apply).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/setting-sub-identity.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { AllSettingSchema } from '@/schemas/setting';
+import { AllSetting } from '@/models/setting';
+
+describe('subShowIdentityOnAllLinks', () => {
+  it('defaults to false on AllSetting', () => {
+    expect(new AllSetting().subShowIdentityOnAllLinks).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('accepts boolean values in the settings schema', () => {
+    for (const v of [true, false]) {
+      const r = AllSettingSchema.safeParse({ subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: v });
+      expect(r.success, `subShowIdentityOnAllLinks=${v}`).toBe(true);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('rejects non-boolean values', () => {
+    for (const v of ['true', 1, null]) {
+      expect(AllSettingSchema.safeParse({ subShowIdentityOnAllLinks: v }).success).toBe(false);
+    }
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/storybook-theme.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import { render } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { afterEach, expect, test } from 'vitest';
+
+import { withTheme } from '../../.storybook/preview';
+import { ThemeProvider } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
+
+function Story() {
+  return <div>Story</div>;
+}
+
+function StorybookTheme({ theme }: { theme: 'light' | 'dark' }) {
+  return withTheme(Story, { globals: { theme } } as Partial<Parameters<typeof withTheme>[1]> as Parameters<typeof withTheme>[1]);
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  document.body.className = '';
+  document.documentElement.removeAttribute('data-theme');
+});
+
+test('preserves unrelated body classes when applying the Storybook theme', () => {
+  document.body.className = 'storybook-fixture dark';
+  document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'ultra-dark');
+  const { rerender } = render(<StorybookTheme theme="light" />);
+
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('storybook-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('light')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(false);
+  expect(document.documentElement.hasAttribute('data-theme')).toBe(false);
+
+  rerender(<StorybookTheme theme="dark" />);
+
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('storybook-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('light')).toBe(false);
+});
+
+test('preserves unrelated body classes when applying the panel theme', () => {
+  document.body.className = 'panel-fixture';
+  const message = document.createElement('div');
+  message.id = 'message';
+  message.className = 'message-fixture';
+  document.body.append(message);
+
+  render(<ThemeProvider><div>Panel</div></ThemeProvider>);
+
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('panel-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(true);
+  expect(document.body.classList.contains('light')).toBe(false);
+  expect(message.classList.contains('message-fixture')).toBe(true);
+  expect(message.classList.contains('dark')).toBe(true);
+});

frontend/src/test/stream-wire-normalize.test.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import {
   normalizeSockoptForWire,
   normalizeStreamSettingsForWire,
   normalizeXhttpForWire,
+  validateRealityClientVer,
+  validateRealityMaxClientVer,
   validateRealityTarget,
 } from '@/lib/xray/stream-wire-normalize';
 import { InboundFormSchema } from '@/schemas/forms/inbound-form';
@@ -26,6 +28,64 @@ describe('validateRealityTarget', () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe('validateRealityClientVer', () => {
+  it('accepts empty (not set) and core-style versions', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('1.0.0')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('0.0.255')).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('rejects untrimmed values because the save path ships them verbatim', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.27 ')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer(' 26.3.27')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer(' ')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+  });
+
+  it('rejects what the core parser rejects', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.27.1')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.256')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('v26.3.27')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26..27')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('26.3.')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+    expect(validateRealityClientVer('-1.0.0')).toBe('pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('validateRealityMaxClientVer', () => {
+  it('accepts an empty max, an empty min, and a valid range', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('', '26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('27.0.0', '')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26.3.27', '26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('27.1.2', '26.3.27')).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('rejects a max below the min, the stale-placeholder trap included', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('25.9.11', '26.3.27')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin',
+    );
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26.3.26', '26.3.27')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('pads short versions like the core does before comparing', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26', '26.0.0')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('26', '26.3')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.maxClientVerBelowMin',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('reports format errors before range errors and skips a malformed min', () => {
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('25.9', 'not-a-version')).toBeUndefined();
+    expect(validateRealityMaxClientVer('nope', '26.3.27')).toBe(
+      'pages.inbounds.form.clientVerInvalid',
+    );
+  });
+});
+
 describe('normalizeXhttpForWire stream-one', () => {
   it('drops packet-up and stream-up-only fields on inbound', () => {
     const out = normalizeXhttpForWire({

frontend/src/test/subscription-general-tab.test.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,37 @@ function LocationProbe() {
 }
 
 describe('SubscriptionGeneralTab', () => {
+  it('keeps the stored subscription port when the field is cleared', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings#subscription']}>
+        <SubscriptionGeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ subPort: 2096 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    const portInput = screen.getByDisplayValue('2096');
+    fireEvent.change(portInput, { target: { value: '' } });
+    fireEvent.blur(portInput);
+
+    expect(updateSetting).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect((portInput as HTMLInputElement).value).toBe('2096');
+  });
+
+  it('forwards typed subscription ports unchanged', () => {
+    const updateSetting = vi.fn();
+
+    renderWithProviders(
+      <MemoryRouter initialEntries={['/settings#subscription']}>
+        <SubscriptionGeneralTab allSetting={new AllSetting({ subPort: 2096 })} updateSetting={updateSetting} />
+      </MemoryRouter>,
+    );
+
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByDisplayValue('2096'), { target: { value: '8443' } });
+
+    expect(updateSetting).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ subPort: 8443 });
+  });
+
   it('uses router navigation to open subscription format settings', () => {
     const allSetting = new AllSetting({ subClashEnable: true });
 

frontend/src/test/test-utils.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,20 @@
 import type { ReactElement } from 'react';
 import { render, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
 
 import { ThemeProvider } from '@/hooks/useTheme';
 
-export function renderWithProviders(ui: ReactElement) {
+export function makeTestQueryClient() {
-  return render(<ThemeProvider>{ui}</ThemeProvider>);
+  return new QueryClient({ defaultOptions: { queries: { retry: false } } });
+}
+
+export function renderWithProviders(ui: ReactElement, options?: { queryClient?: QueryClient }) {
+  const queryClient = options?.queryClient ?? makeTestQueryClient();
+  return render(
+    <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>
+      <ThemeProvider>{ui}</ThemeProvider>
+    </QueryClientProvider>,
+  );
 }
 
 export function fieldLabels(): string[] {

frontend/src/test/use-all-settings.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { act, renderHook, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { useAllSettings } from '@/api/queries/useAllSettings';
+import { keys } from '@/api/queryKeys';
+import { makeTestQueryClient } from '@/test/test-utils';
+import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.restoreAllMocks();
+});
+
+describe('useAllSettings', () => {
+  it('keeps backend-accepted settings editable when the frontend schema is stricter', async () => {
+    const subJsonUserAgentRegex = 'x'.repeat(2_049);
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(true, '', { subJsonUserAgentRegex }));
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.subJsonUserAgentRegex).toBe(subJsonUserAgentRegex);
+  });
+
+  it('keeps an edited setting when a refetch returns older server data', async () => {
+    const values = [
+      { webPort: 2053 },
+      { webPort: 2054 },
+    ];
+    let index = 0;
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async () => new Msg(true, '', values[index++]));
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.updateSetting({ webPort: 3000 }));
+    await queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: keys.settings.all() });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(HttpUtil.post).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.webPort).toBe(3000);
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('hydrates redacted secrets after a successful save', async () => {
+    let fetchCount = 0;
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url) => {
+      if (url === '/panel/api/setting/all') {
+        fetchCount += 1;
+        return new Msg(true, '', fetchCount === 1 ? { hasTgBotToken: false } : { hasTgBotToken: true, tgBotToken: '' });
+      }
+      return new Msg(true, '');
+    });
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.updateSetting({ tgBotToken: 'secret' }));
+    await act(async () => {
+      await result.current.saveAll();
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(HttpUtil.post).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.tgBotToken).toBe('');
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.hasTgBotToken).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('establishes a saved baseline for a full-payload security save', async () => {
+    let fetchCount = 0;
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url) => {
+      if (url === '/panel/api/setting/all') {
+        fetchCount += 1;
+        return new Msg(true, '', fetchCount === 1 ? { hasTgBotToken: false } : { hasTgBotToken: true, tgBotToken: '' });
+      }
+      return new Msg(true, '');
+    });
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useAllSettings(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.updateSetting({ tgBotToken: 'secret' }));
+    await act(async () => {
+      await result.current.savePayload({ ...result.current.allSetting, twoFactorEnable: false, twoFactorToken: '' });
+    });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(HttpUtil.post).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3));
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.tgBotToken).toBe('');
+    expect(result.current.allSetting.hasTgBotToken).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+});

frontend/src/test/use-xray-setting.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react';
+import { act, renderHook, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+
+import { useXraySetting } from '@/hooks/useXraySetting';
+import { makeTestQueryClient } from '@/test/test-utils';
+import { HttpUtil, Msg } from '@/utils';
+
+function xrayPayload(overrides: Record<string, unknown> = {}) {
+  return {
+    xraySetting: {},
+    inboundTags: [],
+    clientReverseTags: [],
+    outboundTestUrl: 'https://test.example',
+    subscriptionOutbounds: [],
+    subscriptionOutboundTags: [],
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.restoreAllMocks();
+});
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'get').mockResolvedValue(new Msg(true, '', []));
+});
+
+describe('useXraySetting', () => {
+  it('refreshes server-derived outbounds while the editor is dirty', async () => {
+    let payload = xrayPayload({ subscriptionOutbounds: [{ tag: 'before' }] });
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url) => {
+      if (url === '/panel/api/xray/') return new Msg(true, '', JSON.stringify(payload));
+      return new Msg(true, '');
+    });
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useXraySetting(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.setXraySetting('{"outbounds":[]}'));
+    payload = xrayPayload({ subscriptionOutbounds: [{ tag: 'after' }] });
+    await act(async () => result.current.fetchAll());
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.subscriptionOutbounds).toEqual([{ tag: 'after' }]));
+    expect(result.current.xraySetting).toBe('{"outbounds":[]}');
+  });
+
+  it('keeps the outbound test URL input empty when it is cleared', async () => {
+    const payload = xrayPayload({ outboundTestUrl: 'https://www.google.com/generate_204' });
+    vi.spyOn(HttpUtil, 'post').mockImplementation(async (url) => {
+      if (url === '/panel/api/xray/') return new Msg(true, '', JSON.stringify(payload));
+      return new Msg(true, '');
+    });
+    const queryClient = makeTestQueryClient();
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+    );
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useXraySetting(), { wrapper });
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.fetched).toBe(true));
+    act(() => result.current.setOutboundTestUrl(''));
+
+    expect(result.current.outboundTestUrl).toBe('');
+    expect(result.current.saveDisabled).toBe(true);
+  });
+});