diff --git a/open-sse/executors/antigravity.ts b/open-sse/executors/antigravity.ts
index 5519b9ce5c..1623b598f7 100644
--- a/open-sse/executors/antigravity.ts
+++ b/open-sse/executors/antigravity.ts
@@ -5,13 +5,21 @@ import { PROVIDERS, OAUTH_ENDPOINTS, HTTP_STATUS } from "../config/constants.ts"
 const MAX_RETRY_AFTER_MS = 60_000;
 const LONG_RETRY_THRESHOLD_MS = 60_000;
 
+const BARE_PRO_IDS = new Set(["gemini-3-pro", "gemini-3.1-pro", "gemini-3-1-pro"]);
+
 /**
  * Strip provider prefixes (e.g. "antigravity/model" → "model").
  * Ensures the model name sent to the upstream API never contains a routing prefix.
  */
 function cleanModelName(model: string): string {
   if (!model) return model;
-  return model.includes("/") ? model.split("/").pop()! : model;
+  let clean = model.includes("/") ? model.split("/").pop()! : model;
+  // Normalize bare Pro IDs to the Low tier (matching OpenClaw convention).
+  // The upstream API requires an explicit tier suffix; bare IDs cause errors.
+  if (BARE_PRO_IDS.has(clean)) {
+    clean = `${clean}-low`;
+  }
+  return clean;
 }
 
 export class AntigravityExecutor extends BaseExecutor {
diff --git a/open-sse/handlers/chatCore.ts b/open-sse/handlers/chatCore.ts
index d8a46133d3..c9612edd85 100644
--- a/open-sse/handlers/chatCore.ts
+++ b/open-sse/handlers/chatCore.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { refreshWithRetry } from "../services/tokenRefresh.ts";
 import { createRequestLogger } from "../utils/requestLogger.ts";
 import { getModelTargetFormat, PROVIDER_ID_TO_ALIAS } from "../config/providerModels.ts";
 import { resolveModelAlias } from "../services/modelDeprecation.ts";
-import { getUnsupportedParams } from "../config/providerRegistry.ts";
+import { getUnsupportedParams, getPassthroughProviders } from "../config/providerRegistry.ts";
 import {
   buildErrorBody,
   createErrorResult,
@@ -1211,19 +1211,32 @@ export async function handleChatCore({
             `[provider] Node ${connectionId} account deactivated (${statusCode}) — disabling permanently`
           );
         } else if (errorType === PROVIDER_ERROR_TYPES.RATE_LIMITED) {
-          const rateLimitedUntil = new Date(Date.now() + retryAfterMs).toISOString();
-          await updateProviderConnection(connectionId, {
-            rateLimitedUntil: rateLimitedUntil,
-            testStatus: "credits_exhausted",
-            lastErrorType: errorType,
-            lastError: message,
-            errorCode: statusCode,
-            healthCheckInterval: null,
-            lastHealthCheckAt: null,
-          });
-          console.warn(
-            `[provider] Node ${connectionId} rate limited (${statusCode}) - Next available at ${rateLimitedUntil}`
-          );
+          // For passthrough providers (e.g. Antigravity), each model has independent
+          // quota.  A 429 on one model must NOT lock out the entire connection — other
+          // models may still have quota available.  Use lockModel() instead.
+          const isPassthrough = provider && getPassthroughProviders().has(provider);
+          if (isPassthrough) {
+            const { lockModel } = await import("../services/accountFallback.ts");
+            const cooldown = retryAfterMs || 60_000;
+            lockModel(provider, connectionId, model, "rate_limited", cooldown);
+            console.warn(
+              `[provider] Node ${connectionId} model-only rate limited (${statusCode}) for ${model} - ${Math.ceil(cooldown / 1000)}s (connection stays active)`
+            );
+          } else {
+            const rateLimitedUntil = new Date(Date.now() + retryAfterMs).toISOString();
+            await updateProviderConnection(connectionId, {
+              rateLimitedUntil: rateLimitedUntil,
+              testStatus: "credits_exhausted",
+              lastErrorType: errorType,
+              lastError: message,
+              errorCode: statusCode,
+              healthCheckInterval: null,
+              lastHealthCheckAt: null,
+            });
+            console.warn(
+              `[provider] Node ${connectionId} rate limited (${statusCode}) - Next available at ${rateLimitedUntil}`
+            );
+          }
         } else if (errorType === PROVIDER_ERROR_TYPES.QUOTA_EXHAUSTED) {
           await updateProviderConnection(connectionId, {
             testStatus: "credits_exhausted",
diff --git a/open-sse/services/usage.ts b/open-sse/services/usage.ts
index 0e2c5fc9b8..e18cf47f46 100644
--- a/open-sse/services/usage.ts
+++ b/open-sse/services/usage.ts
@@ -691,15 +691,25 @@ async function getAntigravityUsage(accessToken, providerSpecificData) {
     const modelEntries = toRecord(dataObj.models);
     const quotas: Record<string, UsageQuota> = {};
 
+    // Models excluded from quota display — internal/special-purpose models that
+    // the Antigravity API returns quota for but are not user-callable via
+    // generateContent.  Matches CLIProxyAPI's hardcoded exclusion list.
+    const ANTIGRAVITY_EXCLUDED_MODELS = new Set([
+      "chat_20706",
+      "chat_23310",
+      "tab_flash_lite_preview",
+      "tab_jump_flash_lite_preview",
+      "gemini-2.5-flash-thinking",
+      "gemini-2.5-pro",          // browser subagent model — not user-callable
+    ]);
+
     // Parse per-model quota info from fetchAvailableModels response.
-    // Show all models that have quota data, excluding only internal models
-    // (tab-completion, chat placeholders, etc.).
     for (const [modelKey, infoValue] of Object.entries(modelEntries)) {
       const info = toRecord(infoValue);
       const quotaInfo = toRecord(info.quotaInfo);
 
-      // Skip internal models and models without quota info
-      if (info.isInternal === true || Object.keys(quotaInfo).length === 0) {
+      // Skip internal, excluded, and models without quota info
+      if (info.isInternal === true || ANTIGRAVITY_EXCLUDED_MODELS.has(modelKey) || Object.keys(quotaInfo).length === 0) {
         continue;
       }
 
diff --git a/src/sse/services/auth.ts b/src/sse/services/auth.ts
index c07d886d0e..7b24eaf19a 100644
--- a/src/sse/services/auth.ts
+++ b/src/sse/services/auth.ts
@@ -803,6 +803,21 @@ export async function markAccountUnavailable(
       return { shouldFallback: true, cooldownMs: localCooldown };
     }
 
+    // ── 429 model-only lockout for passthrough providers ──
+    // For passthrough providers like Antigravity, each model has independent quota.
+    // A 429 on one model should NOT lock out the entire connection — other models
+    // may still have quota available. Use lockModel() instead of connection-wide
+    // rateLimitedUntil, same pattern as the 404 model-only lockout above.
+    if (isPassthroughProvider && status === 429 && provider && model) {
+      const modelCooldown = cooldownMs || COOLDOWN_MS.rateLimited;
+      lockModel(provider, connectionId, model, reason || "rate_limited", modelCooldown);
+      log.info(
+        "AUTH",
+        `Model-only lockout for ${model} — 429 rate limit ${Math.ceil(modelCooldown / 1000)}s (connection stays active)`
+      );
+      return { shouldFallback: true, cooldownMs: modelCooldown };
+    }
+
     const rateLimitedUntil = getUnavailableUntil(cooldownMs);
     const errorMsg = typeof errorText === "string" ? errorText.slice(0, 100) : "Provider error";